Chapter 5 and 6 Vocab Flashcards
Imperialism
One country’s domination over another country’s economic, political, and cultural institutions.
Historical globalization
A period that is often identified as beginning in 1492, when Christopher Columbus made his first voyage to the Caribbean, and ending after World War II, when the United States and the Soviet Union emerged asn superpowers.
Mercantilism
A policy followed by European imperial powers from the 16th to the 19th century. In colonies, trade was strictly controlled to benefit the economy of the imperial power.
Capitalism
An economic system that advocates free trade, competition, and choice as a means of achieving prosperity.
Grand exchange
A trading process that began when Christopher Columbus brought seeds, fruit trees, and livestock to the Americas, where they were cultivated and became staples. In return, native North American species were exported to Europe. This exchange expanded to include different countries and products around the world.
Industrial Revolution
The period between about 1750 and 1850, when work became mechanized and began to occur in factories. The Industrial Revolution brought about dramatic economic, social, and cultural change.
Legacy
Something that has been passed on by those who lived in the past.
Ethnocentrism
A word that combines “ethnic” and “centre.” It refers to a way of thinking that centres on one’s own race and culture. Ethnocentric people believe that their worldview is the only valid one.
Eurocentrism
A form of ethnocentrism that uses European ethnic, national, religious, and linguistic criteria to judge other peoples and their cultures.
Depopulation
A reduction in population caused by natural or human-made forces.
Deindustrialization
The reduction in or loss of industries.
Gross domestic product
The value of all the goods and services a country produces in a year. GDP is often used to measure the strength of a country’s economy.
