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1. Social 10-1 > Chapter 2: Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What do many researchers date the rise of globalization to begin?

A

They year Christopher made his first trip to America

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2
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

An explorer who sailed to the Caribean and the Americas and colonized the land

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3
Q

When is the beginning of the period known as historical globalization?

A

1492, the year Christopher Columbus made his first Voyage to the Carribean

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4
Q

What caused many European countries to start establishing colonies overseas?

A

Christopher Columbus

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5
Q

What was European imperialism motivated by?

A

Trade

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6
Q

Who started the Grand exchange?

A

Christopher Columbus

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7
Q

What was the Grand Exchange?

A

When Columbus brought goods from Europe and cultivated them in America

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8
Q

Who is Romeo Dallaire?

A

A Canadian Lieutenant general stationed in Rwanda under the United Nation

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9
Q

What did Romeo Dallaire warn the UN about?

A

He warned them about rising tensions before the genocide

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10
Q

Why did the UN step out of the Rwandan peacekeeping missions?

A

Because their job was to keep the peace not bring peace. They were told not to interfere between the citizens and instead to evacuate foreign nationals

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11
Q

Who was Bartolome de Las Casas?

A

A Spanish priest and historian who witnessed Spanish colonies

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12
Q

What were Bartolome de Las Casas thoughts in regards to Spanish colonies?

A

He was troubled by the destruction of indigenous colonies and the cruel treatment of indigenous peoples

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13
Q

What did Bartolome de Las Casas dedicate his life to?

A

Securing justice and land for indigenous peoples.
He also attempted to get the government to change their policies so that indigenous peoples could live in harmony with Spaniards

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14
Q

What was the main thing that Gandhi did?

A

He successfully led India to independence from the British

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15
Q

What did Gandhi use to gain independence from Britain?

A

Peaceful non-co-operation

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16
Q

What was Gandhi’s life like?

A

He was born in India and educated to be a lawyer in London and then lived in South Africa for 20 years where he worked for the rights of indentured Indian laborers

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17
Q

What did Gandhi believe every Indian should be and how did he use wool to represent this?

A

Self-sufficient, He said that Indians should hand spin their own cotton so that they will not have to rely on Indian cotton

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18
Q

When India and Pakistan were separating what did Gandhi’s political party campaign for?

A

One central Indian Central party

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19
Q

Why was Gandhi assassinated?

A

Because a Hindu extremist believed that Gandhi weakened India due to the separation of countries

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20
Q

What did Johannes Gutenberg invent?

A

The movable printing press

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21
Q

Why was the printing press such an innovative invention?

A

Because it allowed printing of literature very easily. More books encourage more people to learn to read which helped spread ideologies and ideas

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22
Q

After independence from Britain, what did India’s parliament look like?

A

It is a democracy modelled after Britains

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23
Q

What industry was helping India’s economy grow?

A

Technology and manufacturing

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24
Q

Why was Pakistan created?

A

To make one country for Muslims (Pakistan) and one country for Hindus (India)

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25
Q

Why did India and Pakistan go to war?

A

Because they both wanted to claim a territory called Kashmir

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26
Q

What did citizens of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh do when the borders were drawn?

A

They had no choice but to move to where their population dominated

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27
Q

Who is Nelson Mandela?

A

A South African who took up the struggle to end the apartheid

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28
Q

How did Nelson Mandela end up in prison?

A

He was arrested, tried for sabotage and treason, and sentenced to life in prison

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29
Q

What did Mandela do while he was in prison?

A

He defended prisoners’ rights and fought against abuse and injustice

30
Q

Who helped to release Mandela from prison?

A

President F.W. de Klerk who committed himself to reform

31
Q

In South Africa’s very first election where everybody could vote, who was elected president?

A

Nelson Mandela

32
Q

Why did Nelson Mandela establish the Truth and Reconciliation commitee?

A

To help South Africans confront their country’s violent past, to bring together the victims and those accused of crimes

33
Q

Why did the Quebecois incite the Quiet Revolution?

A

Because of the influx of British immigrants, they feared to become assimilated

34
Q

What way do Francophones try to affirm their identity?

A

By looking to Catholicism

35
Q

Why did the Quebecois join Quiet Revolution?

A

To affirm their identity

36
Q

What was social class determined by before the rise of the middle class?

A

Birth and amount of land owned

37
Q

How did the rise of middle class begin?

A

The rise of towns attracted individuals who were independent and knowledgeable about a certain skill

38
Q

How did wealth become a measure of social class?

A

As towns arose with people with skills who worked independently they found a new way to gain wealth

39
Q

What did the middle-class value?

A

Education and welcomed innovations such as exploration, scientific discoveries, and new technologies.

40
Q

What was the Rwandan Genocide?

A

The mass killing of Tutsis because of their act of killinng the president by shooting down his plane with a missile

41
Q

How did Tutsis try to survive the genocide?

A

They fled to churches and UN buildings

42
Q

Why did the UN withdraw from Rwanda?

A

Because they were only there to keep the peace not to create peace. It was too dangerous for them

43
Q

Why did European countries meet and divide up Africa?

A

To avoid conflicts with other imperial powers, protect existing trade routes, and gain control of the continent’s natural resources,

44
Q

Who was the 7 years of war originally between?

A

The French and British but it then spread to their colonies

45
Q

Why was the 7 years of war the first truly global war?

A

Because it spread to the many different countries

46
Q

Why did the 7 years of war happen?

A

Because Britain and France were competing for land and Trade

47
Q

What was the Soweto uprising?

A

Black students demanded better education by marching

48
Q

How did South African police respond to the Soweto uprising?

A

They opened fire on all the black students killing many of them

49
Q

What marked the beginning of the end of the South African Apartheid?

A

The Soweto Uprising

50
Q

What did Suu Kyi work towards in Myanmar?

A

Democracy and human rights

51
Q

What sparked a rise in capitalism?

A

A book called the wealth of nations that occurred after the rise against mercantilism called the american revolution

52
Q

What was chattel slavery?

A

Slaves and their descendants were the private property of their owner.

53
Q

Who did industrialists use in factories that were placed in the home country?

A

Children

54
Q

Why did industrialists use children?

A
  • They preferred to hire labourers who would work long hours for low wages — and who could be dismissed during slowdowns
  • Also, their small bodies could fit into tight spaces.
55
Q

What took the greatest toll on indigenous peoples?

A

European diseases

56
Q

What helped to lay the foundations of historical globalization?

A

The desire to profit through trade

57
Q

What is imperialism?

A

One countries domination over another

58
Q

What was an indentured laborer?

A

People could sign contracts to be transported into s colony and would agree to work there for a period of 4-7 years where they would work for little or no pay

59
Q

What sparked the industrial revolution?

A

The consumer demand for more and more goods

60
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

When European governments strictly controlled trade by forcing raw materials to be shipped back to the home country before

61
Q

What were plantations?

A

Placed where slaves were sent to work for no pay

62
Q

What was the silk road?

A

A road that connected Asia to Europe that exchanged trade goods and ideas. Named after the silk worms

63
Q

Berlin Conference/Scramble for Africa?

A

When all the European countries met to discuss boundaries and ownership of African land to prevent fights over land and resources

64
Q

What was the deindustrialization in India?

A

When the queen of Britain prevented Europeans from buying European goods so many Indians could not support themselves

65
Q

Depopulations?

A

The loss of population due to famine, slavery, or indentured labor

66
Q

What is gross domestic product?

A

The value of all the goods and services produced annually within a country’s borders.

67
Q

What is Kashmir?

A

A place formed when India and Pakistan separated and they both went to war on who should have ownership

68
Q

What is a monopoly?

A

When one person is in control of a certain product

69
Q

What was the destruction of the Beothuk?

A

The Beothuk were a first nations group who tried to drive Europeans away by destroying their weapons. They were then killed by Europeans and fled inward where they died of disease

70
Q

What did The Hudson’s Bay company sell?

A

The First Nations would bring them fur in exchange for other goods. They sold to Europe to feed the fur hat craze

71
Q

What was the Indian Act?

A

A tool the government used to encourage assimilation. It defined who is and is not a First Nation and banned traditional activities such as the Potlach ceremony

72
Q

What were the land claims by first nations?

A

They were about unfufilled land claims and

1. Social 10-1 (24 decks)

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