Types of Goverment Flashcards
What is Government?
Institution in which society makes and enforced its public policies
What is a public policy?
What a government does and how it enforces laws
What is the absence of a government called?
Anarchy/state of nature
What is the Evolutionary Theory?
The belief that the state developed naturally out of the early family
What is the Force Theory?
The belief that the state or government was created by force
What is the Divine Right Theory?
Belief that a God-like or supernatural entity had given a certain person/family the right and authority to rule the state
What is the Social Contract Theory?
A belief that the government exists only to serve the will of the people. If the agreement is broken, the government can be dissolved by the people
What are the purposes of government?
Laws, Law enforcement, court/justice system, protection, services, and plan for the future
What three types of power does every government have?
Legislative, Executive, and Judicial
What are the levels of government?
National (federal), state, local, school
Who believed that a society should be ruled by an autocracy because people cannot survive being in a state of nature and people have to give up their rights of equality and freedom in exchange for protection?
Thomas Hobbes
Who believed that people are born with unalienable rights (life, liberty, property) and the government is there to protect those rights through a social contract and that people had the right to revolt?
John Locke
Who believed that in a state of nature, the need for food would bring conflict which leads to laws and government and that separation of power (checks and balances) are important.
Montesquieu
Who believed that in a state of nature, people are good and peaceful, claiming property is evil, people should follow a social contract, and retain their rights through direct democracy
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Who said the quote “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains”?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
