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Gov > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are characteristics of a presidential system?

A

Executive and legislative branches are separate and the leader of the executive branch is usually called the president

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2
Q

What are characteristics of a parliamentary system?

A

Executive and legislative branches are combined, leader of executive branch is chosen by legislative branch, and is often called the prime minister/premiere

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3
Q

What did enlightenment thinkers want?

A

To improve human conditions

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4
Q

Governments often struggle balancing what?

A

Freedom and security

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5
Q

What are examples of events that showcase how the government balances freedom and security?

A

The Patriot Act which the act of protecting against terrorism

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6
Q

What phrase did Hobbes say about anarchy?

A

All against all

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7
Q

What type of sovereignty did Hobbes want?

A

Absolute monarchy

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8
Q

Who did Hobbes believe the social contract was between?

A

Between the people, not between them and the king. This means the people had no right to revolt

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9
Q

Who wanted “power to check power” and what does this translate to?

A

Montesquieu, translates to checks and balances

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10
Q

What kind of government did Locke want?

A

Representative democracy

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11
Q

What were characteristics of the social contract Locke wanted?

A

It was between the people AND the sovereign, the government protects the people’s unalienable rights IF they give up absolute freedom

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12
Q

Who thought that property was evil?

A

Rousseau

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13
Q

What are characteristics about the social contract Rousseau wanted?

A

It would be amongst the people that follow the “general will” and those who didn’t would be forced to be “free” and banished

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14
Q

Who holds the supreme authority in a democracy?

A

The people

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15
Q

What is the most common type of government in the world?

A

Unitary government

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16
Q

What are examples of a unitary governments?

A

England and China

17
Q

What is an example of a direct democracy?

A

Ancient Greece

18
Q

Which branch is the prime minister chosen from in a parliamentary style government?

A

Legislative

19
Q

What are examples of parliamentary style governments?

A

England, Canada, and France

20
Q

What type of government does the United States have and what other names does this type of government have?

A

Indirect, Republic, or Representative democracy

21
Q

What is an example of an oligarchy?

A

Early South Africa

22
Q

What is an example of a confederacy?

A

The United States when it had the Articles of Confederation

23
Q

What are examples of federalism?

A

United States and Germany

24
Q

What was the English document that was written in 1215 and was one of the first documents in Europe to limit the absolute authority of the monarchy called?

A

Magna Carta

25
Q

How many houses did the colonial legislatures have by being modeled after the English Parliament?

A

2

26
Q

What is a term that describes a government that has a 2-house legislative system and what does it mean?

A

Bicameral, latin for 2 houses/chambers

27
Q

What is a place called when people are ruled by a government in another place?

A

Colony

28
Q

What does the quote “no taxation without representation” mean?

A

If people had no say in government, they shouldn’t have to pay taxes

29
Q

What does popular sovereignty mean?

A

People have power, government can only exist with consent of the people

30
Q

How does the quote “no taxation without representation” relate to popular sovereignty?

A

If people had no say or no power in government, then their responsibility of taxes would make no sense because tax money goes to the government

31
Q

Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

32
Q

Which political theorist influenced Jefferson for the Declaration of Independence and what did this person say?

A

Locke, he said all people have a right to life, liberty, property that should be protected by the government

33
Q

How does Locke’s theory of the social contract relate to the Declaration of Independence?

A

It states that if the government fails to protect our natural rights, we have the right to make a new one

34
Q

What was our government known as after the Revolution?

A

Articles of Confederation

35
Q

What does the Declaration of Independence state?

A

How the king broke the social contract (his grievances) and declared independence from England

36
Q

What was the earliest representative democracy created by colonists in Jamestown, Virginia?

A

Jamestown House of Burgesses

37
Q

What agreement did the Plymouth settlers sign aboard the Mayflower that created a direct democracy upon arrival in the New World?

A

Mayflower Compact

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