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Gov > Three Branches > Flashcards

Three Branches Flashcards

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U.S. Government Basics flashcards AP® U.S. Government flashcards
1
Q

Role of president which gives him authority to command armed forces

A

Commander-in-chief

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2
Q

Heads of 15 executive departments appointed by president & confirmed by senate

A

Cabinet

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3
Q

The 15 departments where majority of federal employees work

A

Executive departments

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4
Q

Order in which other government officials would take over as president

A

Presidential Succession

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5
Q

In addition to his/her role, also serves as President of the Senate

A

Vice president

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6
Q

Presidential role that emphasized duty of president to enforce nation’s laws

A

Chief Executive

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7
Q

Constitutional authority of president to appoint cabinet secretaries, ambassadors, and justices

A

Appointment Power

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8
Q

Official mechanism by which presidents are elected

A

Electoral college

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9
Q

How many votes does a president need to win the election?

A

270 votes

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10
Q

Presidential role that emphasizes duty of president to interact with foreign countries

A

Chief Diplomat

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11
Q

Presidents ability to legally forgive someone from a crime

A

Pardon

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12
Q

Which branch has the power to interpret laws?

A

Judicial branch

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13
Q

“Highest court in the land” Only court created by Constitution and final interpreter of Constitution

A

Supreme Court

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14
Q

Power of courts to determine constitutionality of actions of legislative and executive branch

A

Judicial review

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15
Q

Which case established the precedent for judicial review

A

Marbury v. Madison

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16
Q

Legal authority of courts to hear a case and make decisions

A

Jurisdiction

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17
Q

Authority of a court to hear a decide a case for the first time

A

Original jurisdiction

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18
Q

Authority of a court to review decisions under appeal of a lower court

A

Appellate jurisdiction

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19
Q

Final decision of the Supreme Court

A

Opinion

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20
Q

Legally binding decision that commands vote of a majority of Supreme Court justices

A

Majority Opinion

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21
Q

Aka a minority opinion, opinion of one or more justices who disagree with majority opinion

A

Dissenting opinion

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22
Q

Opinion of justices who agree with majority opinion, but not the legal reasoning behind the decisions

A

Concurring opinion

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23
Q

Specific ways that each branch can limit the powers of other branches

A

Checks and balances

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24
Q

3 distinct branches of government where power is separated to prevent tyranny

A

Separation of powers

25
Q

Which branch has the power to make laws and frame public policies?

A

Legislative branch

26
Q

Which article in the Constitution grants legislative power to Congress?

A

Article l

27
Q

2 year period of time during which Congress meets

A

Term

28
Q

Period of time each year that Congress assembles and conducts business

A

Session

29
Q

What do presidents call in emergency situations?

A

Special sessions

30
Q

Bring formal charges against an elected official

A

Impeach

31
Q

Describe the impeachment process

A

House of Representatives has sole power and the senate hears the case

32
Q

Proposal for a new law

A

Bill

33
Q

Various tactics aimed at defeating a bill in senate by preventing a final vote

A

Filibuster

34
Q

Procedure that may be used to limit or end floor debate (end filibuster)

A

Cloture

35
Q

Constitutional clause that gives Congress the power to make all laws necessary and proper for executing its powers

A

Necessary and Proper Clause

36
Q

Creation of electoral district lines

A

Apportionment

37
Q

Drawing of electoral district lines to the advantage of a party of group

A

Gerrymandering

38
Q

Highest ranking member of the House

A

Speaker of the House

39
Q

Power of Congress to regulate interstate and foreign trade

A

Commerce Clause

40
Q

Gibbons v. Ogden broadened the definition of commerce beyond what?

A

Mere trade of goods

41
Q

The people or interests the elected official represents

A

Constituencies

42
Q

Meaning “President for a time” which refers to the leader of the senate when the vice president isn’t present

A

President Pro Tempore

43
Q

Portion of a term where the elected official has lost their bid for re-election and will not return for the next session/term of Congress

A

Lame Duck

44
Q

Ceremonial head of the government; symbol of all people

A

Chief of State

45
Q

Main architect of nation’s public policies

A

Chief Legislator

46
Q

Leader of political party that controls executive branch

A

Chief of party

47
Q

Representative of all the people

A

Chief Citizen

48
Q

Which amendment placed limits on presidential terms?

A

22nd amendment

49
Q

Which amendment made it so the vice president will become president if the president is removed from office?

A

25th amendment

50
Q

Define reprieve

A

Postponement of the execution of a sentence

51
Q

Define bureaucrat

A

Person who works for an organization that has duties and responsibilities

52
Q

Define federal bureaucracy

A

All agencies, people, and procedures through with Federal Government operates

53
Q

Define Chief Administrator

A

In charge of all Federal Bureaucracy

54
Q

All treaties are approved by a 2/3 vote of the…

A

Senate

55
Q

Who is responsible for foreign affairs?

A

Secretary of State

56
Q

Permanent committees in Congress are called…

A

Standing committees

57
Q

House of Representatives reflect the will of the…

A

People

58
Q

Senate reflects the will of the…

A

States

59
Q

What has the force of law, yet needs no Congressional approval?

A

Executive order

Gov (8 decks)

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