Types Of bonding

Question 1

what are ionic compounds made of?

Answer 1

Ionic compounds are made of charged particles called ions which form giant lattice structure

Question 2

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points

Answer 2

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because they have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions, which require a lot of energy to overcome.

Question 3

What affects the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

Answer 3

Ions with higher charge have stronger electrostatic forces between and will thus have higher melting and boiling point

Question 4

when can ionic compound conduct electricity?

Answer 4

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water because their ions are free to move and carry charge

Question 5

ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity in what?

Answer 5

in moltne state of solution

Question 6

Why are ionic compounds poor conductors in the solid state?

Answer 6

The ions are in fixed position on the lattice, therefore they are unable to move and carry a charge

Question 7

What happens when ionic compounds are melted or dissolved in water?

Answer 7

Ions are bale to move freely and carry a charge

Question 8

what does molten mean?

Answer 8

molten is when solution has been heated to melting point but its molten state never has noting to do with water

Question 9

Explain why ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.

Answer 9

Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions, which require a lot of energy to overcome, keeping them solid at room temperature.

Question 10

Describe what happens during the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl).

Answer 10

: A sodium atom loses one electron to form a Na⁺ ion. A chlorine atom gains this electron to form a Cl⁻ ion. The oppositely charged ions attract strongly to form an ionic bond.

Question 11

Sodium chloride (NaCl) has a melting point of 801°C. Explain why the melting point is so high.

Answer 11

Sodium chloride has a giant ionic lattice structure. The strong electrostatic forces between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions require a large amount of energy to break, resulting in a high melting point.

Question 12

Describe how you can use electrolysis to show that a compound is ionic.

Answer 12

Melt the compound or dissolve it in water to allow ions to move.

Set up an electrolysis circuit with electrodes connected to a power supply.

If the compound is ionic, positive ions will move to the negative electrode (cathode), and negative ions will move to the positive electrode (anode), causing a flow of charge.

Question 13

What’s cathode

Answer 13

negative electrode

Question 14

what’s anode?

Answer 14

positive electrode

Question 15

You are given a white solid. How can you test if it is an ionic compound?

Answer 15

Heat the solid to check for a high melting point. Ionic compounds have high melting points.

Dissolve the solid in water and test the solution’s conductivity using a circuit with a bulb. If the bulb lights up, it is ionic because the ions are free to move.

Question 16

Explain why ionic compounds dissolve in water but not in organic solvents.

Answer 16

: Ionic compounds dissolve in water because water molecules are polar and can surround and separate the ions. Organic solvents are non-polar and cannot interact with the charged ions, so the compound does not dissolve

Question 17

what is a polar molecule?

Answer 17

A polar molecule has a positive side and a negative side because its electrons are not shared evenly.

Question 18

what is a non polar molecule?

Answer 18

A non-polar molecule has no positive or negative sides because its electrons are shared evenly.

Question 19

Describe the structure and bonding in ionic compounds like NaCl.

Answer 19

Ionic compounds have a giant ionic lattice structure.

They consist of oppositely charged ions (e.g., Na⁺ and Cl⁻) arranged in a regular repeating pattern.

The ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction in all directions

Question 20

What happens to the electrons in an ionic bond?

Answer 20

Electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal atom. The metal forms a positive ion, and the non-metal forms a negative ion.

Question 21

why magnesium oxide (MgO) has a higher melting point than sodium chloride (NaCl).
Answer

Answer 21

Magnesium oxide has stronger ionic bonds than sodium chloride because Mg²⁺ and O²⁻ ions have a higher charge than Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. This creates stronger electrostatic forces, requiring more energy to overcome.

Question 22

Which type of bonding occurs in magnesium oxide (MgO)?

Answer 22

Ionic bonding

Question 23

Why do ionic compounds not conduct electricity as solids?

Answer 23

Their ions are fixed in place

Question 24

What are ionic compounds?

Answer 24

Ionic compounds are substances formed when atoms transfer electrons, creating positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). These oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces, called ionic bonds. Examples include sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium oxide (MgO).

Question 25

What’s covalent bonding

Answer 25

Sharing of electrons

Question 26

What is metallic bonding

Answer 26

the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electron