Separating Mixture Flashcards
What techniques can u use to separate mixtures
filtration, distillation, crystallization, chromatography, fractional distillation
What does insoluble mean
Insoluble means that the solid won’t dissolve in liquid
Soluble meaning
Soluble is when the solid dissolves in liquid
Filtration
Separates an insoluble solid from liquid (e.g sand from warer)
Evapiration
Separates a soluble solid from a solution (e.g salt from seawater)
Distillation
Separates liquids with different boiling points (e.g water from ink)
Chromotography
Separates different colours in a mixture (e.g ink dyes on paper)
Steps of filtration
1)The mixture is poured through the filter paper in a funnel
2)The solid (residue) stays on the filter paper, while the liquid (filtrate) passes through
E.g separating salt from water
What happens in evaporation?
The solution is heated, and the liquid evaporates, leaving the solid behind (e.g salt from water)
Steps of evaporation
1)pour the solution into an evaporating dish
2)Heat gently so the mixture evaporates
3)salt crystals remain behind
Steps in chromatography
1)Draw a line near the bottom of the paper
2)Put a dot of ink/the mixture
3)place the paper in solvent (the water) without submerging the ink
4)The solvent moves up the paper,creating different colours at different speed
5)Different dyes separate as colourful spots
Process of simple distillation
Process of fracrional distillation
1)Heat the solution in a flask
2)The liquid with the lowest booking point evaporates first
3)Vapour rises through the fractionation column, which gets cooler at the top
4)The first liquid condenses and is collected
5)The process continues for the next Fraction.
What does simple distillation do?
Simple distillation separates liquid form solid
What is a solvent?
Liquid substance
