atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 1

The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 2

True or False: The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic mass.

Answer 2

False. The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number.

Question 3

What do the rows in the periodic table represent?

Answer 3

The rows, known as periods, represent the energy levels of the electrons.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Elements in the same column of the periodic table are called ______.

Answer 4

groups or families.

Question 5

Which group contains the alkali metals?

Answer 5

Group 1.

Question 6

What is the general trend in reactivity for alkali metals as you move down the group?

Answer 6

Reactivity increases down the group.

Question 7

What type of elements are found on the right side of the periodic table?

Answer 7

Nonmetals.

Question 8

True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.

Answer 8

False. Noble gases are inert and not reactive.

Question 9

What is the significance of the zigzag line on the periodic table?

Answer 9

It separates metals from nonmetals.

Question 10

What are transition metals?

Answer 10

Transition metals are elements in groups 3 to 12 that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Question 11

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level?

Answer 11

2 electrons.

Question 12

Which element is located in Group 7, Period 3?

Answer 12

Chlorine.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the masses of its ______.

Answer 13

isotopes.

Question 14

What is a characteristic of metalloids?

Answer 14

Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Question 15

Who created the first periodic table

Answer 15

Mendelev

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of the periodic table?

Answer 16

To organize and classify elements based on their properties.

Question 17

What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?

Answer 17

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Question 18

Which group contains the halogens?

Answer 18

Group 7.

Question 19

What is the trend in atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period?

Answer 19

Atomic radius decreases.

Question 20

What is the electron configuration of carbon?

Answer 20

1s² 2s² 2p².

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The elements in Group 0 are known as ______.

Answer 21

noble gases.

Question 22

What is an isotope?

Answer 22

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 23

True or False: Metals are generally good conductors of electricity.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

What is the primary characteristic of alkali metals?

Answer 24

They are soft and have low melting points.

Question 25

Which element is in Group 1 and is the lightest?

Answer 25

Lithium.

Question 26

What are the three main categories of elements in the periodic table?

Answer 26

Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.