atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
What is the atomic number of an element?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
True or False: The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic mass.
False. The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number.
What do the rows in the periodic table represent?
The rows, known as periods, represent the energy levels of the electrons.
Fill in the blank: Elements in the same column of the periodic table are called ______.
groups or families.
Which group contains the alkali metals?
Group 1.
What is the general trend in reactivity for alkali metals as you move down the group?
Reactivity increases down the group.
What type of elements are found on the right side of the periodic table?
Nonmetals.
True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.
False. Noble gases are inert and not reactive.
What is the significance of the zigzag line on the periodic table?
It separates metals from nonmetals.
What are transition metals?
Transition metals are elements in groups 3 to 12 that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level?
2 electrons.
Which element is located in Group 7, Period 3?
Chlorine.
Fill in the blank: The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the masses of its ______.
isotopes.
What is a characteristic of metalloids?
Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Who created the first periodic table
Mendelev
What is the primary purpose of the periodic table?
To organize and classify elements based on their properties.
What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
Which group contains the halogens?
Group 7.
What is the trend in atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period?
Atomic radius decreases.
What is the electron configuration of carbon?
1s² 2s² 2p².
Fill in the blank: The elements in Group 0 are known as ______.
noble gases.
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have same number of portions and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.
True or False: Metals are generally good conductors of electricity.
True.
What is the primary characteristic of alkali metals?
They are soft and have low melting points.
Which element is in Group 1 and is the lightest?
Lithium.
What are the three main categories of elements in the periodic table?
Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
