Metals and non metals Flashcards
Properties of Metal
High melting and boiling points (except mercury, which is liquid at room temperature).
Good conductors of heat and electricity due to free-moving electrons.
Malleable (can be hammered into shape).
Ductile (can be drawn into wires).
Shiny (lustrous) when freshly cut or polished.
Dense and strong.
React with acids to produce hydrogen gas.
Form positive ions (cations) in reactions.
Non-metals have different properties from metals
Lower melting and boiling points (except diamond and graphite).
Poor conductors of heat and electricity (except graphite, which conducts electricity).
Brittle (break easily when solid).
Dull appearance (not shiny).
Lower density than metals.
Form negative ions (anions) in reactions.
where are metals found?
Metals are found on the left and center of the periodic table.
where r non metals found?
Non-metals are found on the right of the periodic table.
properties of metalloids
The metalloids (semi-metals), such as silicon and boron, have properties of both metals and non-metals.
where are metalloids found?
along the dividing line between metals and non-metals on the periodic table.
where r metalloids found?
along the dividing line between metals and non-metals on the periodic table.
which one looses electrons?
Metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)
which one gains electrons?
non metals to form negative ions (anions)
reactivity of metals
Metals: More reactive as you go down a group (e.g., Group 1: potassium is more reactive than lithium).
reactivity of non metals
Non-metals: More reactive as you go up a group (e.g., Group 7: fluorine is more reactive than iodine).
Reactions of metals with oxygen:
Forms metal oxides (e.g., magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide).
Reactions of metals with water
More reactive metals (e.g., Group 1) react vigorously to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Reactions of metals with acids
Forms salt and hydrogen gas (e.g., zinc + hydrochloric acid → zinc chloride + hydrogen).
What does HCL stand for
Hydrochloric acid
What does H2SO4 stand for?
sulphuric acid
What does HNO3 stand for?
Nitric acid
what do all acid contain
Hydrogen
What do we form when metal react with acid
Salt+Hydrogen
metal + acid → salt + hydrogen
How does magnesium react with Hydrochloric acid
Soluble salts are formed by what
reacting metal oxides with acids.
Give one other type of substance that can react with an acid to form a soluble salt
metal
* (metal) hydroxide
* (metal) carbonate
* alkali
Calcium nitrate contains the ions Ca2+ and NO3. Give the formula of calcium nitrate.
Ca(NO3)2
