Properties Of Metals In Each Group Flashcards
In which group is the most reactive metal found
Group 1
What is the name of the metals in group 1
Alkali metals
Why are alkali metals so reactive?
They have one outer electron, which is easily lost to form a +1 ion.
Which metals are the most reactive ?
Alkali metals (in grop 1)
What do alkali metals react with?
Alkali metals react with water, oxygen, chlorine, and other nonmetals
What do alkali metals produce after reacting vigorously with water?
Alkali metals react vigorously with water to produce hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide
Where are alkali metals stored in? And why?
Alkali metals should be stored under mineral oil or kerosene to prevent them from reacting with air and water,
Properties Of group 1(alkali metals)
All the alkali metals have very low density compared with other metals.
They are very shiny and soft. They van be cut with a knife.They have very silvery,shiny surface when u first cut them. However,this quickly goes dull as metals react with oxygen in the air
Alkali metals are highly reactive.
alkali metals melting and boiling point decreases as u go down the group.
What do alkali metals form when they react with water?
The metals react with water to produce hydrogen and an alkaline solution containing the metal hydroxide
Which metals in group 1 have the the highest boiling and melting point?
Lithium
Which metals in group 1have the lowest melting and boiling point?
Caesium (Fr)
When does the the reactivity increase in group 1 ?
The reactivity increases as u go down the group 1
What happens to reactivity as you go down Group 1?
Reactivity increases because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and easier to lose.
What happens when an alkali metal reacts with water?
It forms metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas.
e.g
2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2
What colour flame does potassium burn with?
✅ Lilac flame 🔥
What type of solution is formed when alkali metals react with water?
Alkaline solution (pH > 7)
What gas is produced when alkali metals react with water?
Hydrogen gas (H₂) (it makes a pop sound in a flame)
What is the word equation for sodium reacting with chlorine?
Sodium + Chlorine → Sodium chloride
Why do alkali metals tarnish in air?
They react with oxygen, forming a metal oxide layer.
❓ What happens to melting points as you go down Group 1?
Melting points decrease (they get softer).
What are three properties of alkali metals?
- Soft, 2. Low density, 3. Highly reactive
Why is cesium the most reactive alkali metal?
It has the largest atomic radius, so its outer electron is very easy to lose. And they have weak intermolecular forces
What type of compound is formed when alkali metals react with halogens?
Ionic salts (e.g., sodium + chlorine → sodium chloride).
Why must alkali metals be stored in oil?
To prevent reactions with air (oxygen) or water.
What happens to reactivity as you go down Group 7?
Reactivity decreases because atoms find it harder to gain an electron.
What do halogens react with to form salts?
Metals (e.g., sodium + chlorine → sodium chloride)
What is the state of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine at room temp?
Fluorine = gas
Chlorine = gas
Bromine = liquid
Iodine = solid.
What happens when a more reactive halogen reacts with a less reactive halide compound?
Displacement reaction occurs.
e.g Cl2+2Kbr→2KCl+Br2
Why are noble gases unreactive?
They have full outer electron shells.
Describe fluorine
Fluorine is a poisonous yellow gas and its very reactive
Describe Chlorine
Chlorine is less reactive than fluorine and its a poisonous green gas
Describe Bromine
poisonous red liquid
Describe iodine
Iodine is a dark grey solid that can form poisonous purple vapours but they are also antiseptic.
what do halogens exist as?
Halogens exist as diatomic atoms
What are diatomic atoms?
2 atom molecules
what happens in group 7 halogens when u go down the group?
Melting point and boiling point increases but reactivity decreases
why in group 7 as u go down the down the group the reactivity decreases?
because the outermost shell gets further waway from the nucleus
what happens if a halogen cant attract an electron to complete its outer shell?
It cant react. therefore Iodine is the least reactive
what do we call when halogens gains an electron to form 1- ion
Halide.
e.g fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide
More reactive halogens will always do what?
More reactive halogens will always displace the most reactive halogens. e.g fluorine chlorine or bromine could all displace iodine
Noble gases exist as what?
Noble gases exist as colourless gases
Noble gases are INERT. What does this mean?
INERT means that they dont really react with anyhting
How many electrons does the outer shell of noble gases have?
8 electrons. they have full outer shells
If noble gases dont react with anythting, what do they exist as?
If noble gases don’t react with anything, they exist as single atoms
Why cant noble gases be set on fire?
Noble gases cant be set on fire because they are non flammable
Properties of group 8 (noble gases)
As you go down group 8 their boiling point increases
