Type I hypersensitivity

Question 1

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity

Answer 1

type I

Question 2

antigen will bind to

Answer 2

membrane bound IgE

Question 3

IgE bind to

Answer 3

mast cells

Question 4

APC preferentially activate TH2 cells resulting in the production of

Answer 4

IL4 and IL-13

Question 5

________ drives B cells to produce IgE in response to pollen antigen

Answer 5

IL-4

Question 6

secondary exposure to pollen, causes the acute release of _________ contents which causes allergic rhinitis

Answer 6

mast cell

Question 7

early phase mediators for allergy [6]

Answer 7

1. histamine
2. proteases
3. leukotrienes
4. prostaglandins
5. Platelet Activating Factor (PAF)
6. Chemotatic factors for neutrophils and eosinophils

Question 8

late phase mediators for allergic rxn

Answer 8

cytokines from mast cells, TH2, macrophages and eosinophils

Question 9

late phase of allergic rxn can be controlled by

Answer 9

corticosteroids that inhibit cytokine production

Question 10

allergic rhinitis

Answer 10

Hay fever

Question 11

bronchial asthma

Answer 11

bronchial constriction

Question 12

breakdown proteins that causes inflammation and releases leukotrienes

Answer 12

proteases

Question 13

acute urticaria

Answer 13

hives

Question 14

RAST test

Answer 14

measure specific IgE antibodies

Question 15

diagnosis of acute allergic disease [2]

Answer 15

1. skin prick test

2. RAST test

Question 16

positive wheal and flare seen in 5-10 minutes

Answer 16

intradermal skin prick test

Question 17

used to treat acute anaphylatic reaction

Answer 17

epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 18

omalizumab

Answer 18

monoclonal antibody that inhibits IgE binding to mast cells

Question 19

Tx. of Type I allergic rxn. [4]

Answer 19

1. remove the antigen
2. tx. with antihistamines, antileukotrienes, corticosteroids
3. omalizumab
4. hyposensitization therapy (shots)

Question 20

FEV-1

Answer 20

the air that you can inhale

Question 21

is a marker for the degree of obstruction with your asthma, you will see this decrease with an early and late phase allergic reaction

Answer 21

FEV-1

Question 22

hyposensitization

Answer 22

desensitization

Question 23

multiple exposures to increasing concentrations of the antigen results in an increase of IgG ab

Answer 23

desensitization

Question 24

2 possible reasons for the increase in IgG and the slow decrease in IgE

Answer 24

1. activates TH1 cells

2. activates TREG cells to inhibit TH2 cells

Question 25

monoclonal ab that depletes blood and airway eosinophils and improves asthma symptoms

Answer 25

benralizumab

Question 26

benralizumab

Answer 26

anti-interleukin IL-5

Question 27

Dupilumab

Answer 27

IL-4 blocker

Question 28

Can mast cell be degranulated by mechanisms other than IgE?

Answer 28

YESSSSSSSSSS

Question 29

examples of mast cells degranulation factors

Answer 29

• C5a and C3a
• heat/cold
• pressure
• exercise
• CNS effects via the vagus nerve

Question 30

anaphylatoxins

Answer 30

C5a and C3a