Immunodeficiency Part 1 Flashcards
exam 4
A 25-year-old woman develops vaginal candidiasis following a course of antibiotics for acne. A small dose of candida extract is injected into the skin of her arm and a red, raised wheal develops at the site in 48 hours. Which one of the following statements is correct:
A) B cell immunodeficiency should be excluded
B) This reaction indicates that the patient has normal cell-mediated immunity
C) IgE antibodies to candida are likely to be increased
D) The patient should have a chest x-ray to exclude tuberculosis
E) Biopsy of this lesion is likely to show immune complexes and complement deposition
B) This reaction indicates that the patient has normal cell-mediated immunity
recurrent infection due to a breakdown in innate immune mechanisms, or humoral or cell-mediated immunity
immunodeficiency disorder
most common defect in immunodeficiency
B-cell defect
a crucial part of innate immunity is the involvement of
neutrophils
functions of neutrophils [3]
- chemotaxis
- phagocytosis
- killing
neutrophil function;
C3a, C5a and chemokines
chemotaxis
neutrophil function;
IgG and C3b
opsonization
lysosomal granules contain many bactericidal agents
neutrophil killing activity
low neutrophil count
neutropenia
inability to mount a normal inflammatory response
defects in neutrophil function
example of neutropenia
patients receiving chemotherapy
IgG deficiency and C3b deficiency
defective opsonization
Chronic granulomatous disease
defective neutrophil killing activity
inability to generate superoxide anion due to a defect in cytochrome b and NADPH oxidase; X-linked
Chronic granulomatous disease
chronic granulomatous disease leads to
recurrent infection with abscesses of skin, lymph nodes and other organs