Type 2 DM throughout the lifespan Flashcards

1
Q

Type 2 DM is a _____ disease

A

Progressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the fastest growing age segment of the population dx’d with DM2?

A

Adults >65 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or false: Men are more likely to get DM2 then women

A

False; men and women are afflicted equally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the most important risk factors for DM2 (both modifiable and non modifiable)

A

Heredity (non modifiable)

Obesity (modifiable)

Physical inactivity (modifiable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false: DM2 does not have a strong genetic component

A

False; DM2 does have a strong genetic component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most powerful predictor for the development of DM2?

A

Obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or false: In diagnosing DM2, findings should be confirmed by repeat testing on a different day

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is another lab option for testing for diabetes in those with blood disorders/anemia

A

Fructosamine; this test does not involve the Hgb molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false: The oral glucose tolerance test is not recommended for routine clinical use

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How long should a patient be without caloric intake to be considered fasting?

A

At least 8 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In a person with DM2, when with CGM be useful?

A

For all persons with DM who have hypoglycemia unawareness and/or frequent hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What medication should be started at the time of DM2 dx unless there are contraindications?

A

Metformin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If A1c target is not obtained after ~3 months on metformin, and the pt does not have ASCVD or CKD, what should be the next line of treatment?

A

Any of the following:

  • sulfonylurea
  • TZD
  • DPP4 inhibitor
  • SGLT2 inhibitor
  • GLP-1 receptor antagonist
  • basal insulin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pts with DM and established ASCVD, CKD, or HF may benefit from which medications?

A

GLP-1 receptro agonist OR SGLT inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a prominent characteristic of DM2 in older adults?

A

Post prandial hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which lab tests can confirm a dx of LADA in older adults?

A

anti-GAD or islet cell antibodies (ICA)

17
Q

In persons with DM > 80 years, Metformin should not be administered if creatinine clearance is under what?

A

<60 mg/dL

18
Q

What is the max dose of Metformin in children vs adults?

A

Children: 2000 mg/day
Adults: 2550 mg/day