Tuscany (Toscana) Flashcards
CMS Theory Study
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is significant about the Chianti zone in terms of wine legislation?
Legislation delimiting the Chianti zone dates back to 1716
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is the historical significance of the first DOC and DOCG zones in Italy?
They were the first to be authorized in Tuscany
Tuscany (Toscana)
What type of agriculture did ancient Romans practice in Tuscany, and what crops were involved?
“Promiscuous” agriculture, planting olive trees, vineyards, and wheat fields side by side
Tuscany (Toscana)
Who were the trailblazers of the “Super-Tuscan” movement, and what were their contributions?
Marquis Mario Rocchetta released the first commercial vintage of Sassicaia in 1968, and his nephew Piero Antinori followed with Tignanello
Tuscany (Toscana)
What percentage of Tuscany’s wine production is at the DOC/DOCG level, and how much wine does Tuscany produce annually?
About 60% of Tuscany’s wine is at the DOC/DOCG level, and the region produces around 2.7 million hectoliters of wine annually
Tuscany (Toscana)
How many DOCG zones does Tuscany have, and which regions have more?
Tuscany has 11 DOCG zones, trailing only Piedmont and Veneto
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is the general climate of Tuscany?
Tuscany enjoys a dry, Mediterranean climate, but winters can be harsh and summers can be long and hot
Tuscany (Toscana)
How does the climate vary within Tuscany?
There is a wide variation in mesoclimates. Montalcino is typically more arid, while Montepulciano has a more seasonal, continental climate
Tuscany (Toscana)
What factors contribute to the diversity of mesoclimates in Tuscany?
The region’s width and the changing altitudes of Tuscany’s sloped vineyards contribute to its diverse mesoclimates
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is the main red grape of Tuscany?
Sangiovese
Tuscany (Toscana)
What are the three great indigenous red grapes of Italy?
Sangiovese, Nebbiolo and Aglianico
Tuscany (Toscana)
What are the typical characteristics of Sangiovese wines?
Sangiovese wines are typically light in color, high in acidity, firmly tannic, medium- to full-bodied, with sour cherry notes and herbal undertones
Tuscany (Toscana)
How is Sangiovese traditionally aged, and how does modern aging differ?
Traditionally, Sangiovese is aged in large European (often Slavonian) casks, but modern wines are also aged in new barriques, which add flavor and texture
Tuscany (Toscana)
Which grapes are sometimes blended with Sangiovese to add color and power?
Cabernet Sauvignon or the local Colorino
Tuscany (Toscana)
What role did the Canaiolo grape historically play in Sangiovese blends?
Soften Sangiovese’s firm tannins
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is the significance of the “Chianti Classico 2000 Project”?
The “Chianti Classico 2000 Project” was a clonal research initiative started in 1987 by the Consorzio Vino Chianti Classico to develop disease-resistant clones and enhance other properties of Sangiovese
Tuscany (Toscana)
How has clonal research impacted the Sangiovese grape?
Led to the development of disease-resistant clones and clones with thicker skins and higher anthocyanin content, improving the grape’s characteristics
Tuscany (Toscana)
How have previously isolated clones like Brunello and Prugnolo Gentile evolved?
It’s given way to many derivatives as research continues to refine the Sangiovese grape
Tuscany (Toscana)
In which DOCGs is Sangiovese the principal red grape?
Sangiovese is the principal red grape in Chianti, Chianti Classico, Carmignano, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Morellino di Scansano, Montecucco Sangiovese and Brunello di Montalcino
Tuscany (Toscana)
Which DOCG allows only Sangiovese as the red grape?
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG allows only Sangiovese as the red grape
Tuscany (Toscana)
What role do Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot play in Tuscan wine production?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot can be added in minor proportions to the Chianti formula, but they are more important in DOC and IGT “Super-Tuscan” blends, adding lushness and flesh to Sangiovese
Tuscany (Toscana)
Which international grape is gaining momentum in Tuscany?
Syrah
Tuscany (Toscana)
Which white international grapes are less popular in Tuscany?
Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc capture less interest than their red counterparts in Tuscany
Tuscany (Toscana)
What is the most planted white grape in Italy, and where is it commonly found in Tuscany?
Trebbiano Toscano is the most planted white grape in Italy, and it is regularly encountered in Tuscany, often blended with Malvasia