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CSM Theory Questions > Australia > Flashcards

Australia Flashcards

1
Q

When did wine arrive in Australia?

A

1788 with British prisoners

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2
Q

What are two of the most well-known wineries in Australia?

A

Penfolds and Lindeman’s

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3
Q

What happened in Aus. in the late 19th century?

A

Economic recession and phylloxera.

Were able to contain phylloxera to Victoria and NSW

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4
Q

What percentage of wine is made in South Australia (SA)?

A

51%

Most large wine companies are headquartered there

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5
Q

Post-phylloxera, what happened to the wine industry in Oz?

A

Until 1960s, 80% of production consisted of sweet, fortified wine.

Britain imported a ton of wine

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6
Q

Who developed bag-in-box wine?

A

Australia

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7
Q

What is the general style of Oz wines?

A

Fruity, clean, uncomplicated, soft and technically sound

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8
Q

Where does OZ rank in world exports of wine?

A

Fifth behind Italy, France, Spain and Chile

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9
Q

What is Penfold’s most well-known wine?

A

Penfolds Grange

Shiraz introduced by Max Schubert in 1951 as Grange Hermitage. Blended from vineyards across several regions

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10
Q

What is another cult bottling from Oz besides Grange?

A

Yalumba’s Octavius Shiraz

Vines dating back to 1854

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11
Q

What are some facts about Oz wine in 2000s?

A

Mid-2000’s, exports were surging
–> resulted in overplanting
–> Have been in a 10-year wine glut since 2009

Continuing drought for the last 20 years causing terrible fires

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12
Q

What were bad fire years in Oz?

A

2009 - bush fires in Yarra Valley and Victoria. One of the worst in Oz history.

2019 & 2020 - bushfires caused long term vineyard damage in SA, NSW, Vic and Queensland

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13
Q

Describe Oz wine today

A

Decrease in total volume
Increase in quality
Sommeliers like it for food-friendliness
Creating more site-specific wines

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14
Q

What does Wine Australia regulate?

A

Maintains oversight over wine industry:
- label language
- defining geographical boundaries of wine regions
- moderates exports and trade
- promote product domestically and abroad

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15
Q

What is the Label Integrity Program?

A
  • Introduced in 1990
  • Require wines labeled by vintage, variety or region to contain 85% minimum
  • If multiple varieties are stated, they’re listed in order of proportion of the blend. All components making 85% must be on the label
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16
Q

What are Geographical Indications (GIs)?

A

Formal appellation protection that are purely geographic

No restrictions on varieties, yields, etc.

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17
Q

How are regions and subregions defined by Wine Australia?

A

Single tracts of land, comprising of at least five independently owned vineyards of at least five hectares with minimum output of 500 tons/year

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18
Q

What is the smallest and coolest state in Oz?

A

Victoria - most diverse and vibrant

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19
Q

What is the mountain range in NSW?

A

The Great Dividing Range

Runs N-S of eastern Oz. Separates wetter coastal area from arid interior

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20
Q

Where were the first vineyards in Oz planted?

A

New South Wales in 1788

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21
Q

What percentage of production is in NSW?

A

25%

Over half of the production is on the west side of the Great Dividing Range

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22
Q

What is the Riverina region also known as?

A

Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

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23
Q

Where is Yellow Tail mostly sourced from?

A

Riverina

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24
Q

Who is known for their botrytised Semillon dessert wine?

A

De Bortoli’s Noble One

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25
Q

Where are the Brokenback Mountains located?

A

West of Hunter Valley

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26
Q

What is the climate in Hunter Valley?

A

Subtropical, one of the warmest in Oz

Mitigated by high amounts of rain, humidity, and wind

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27
Q

What percentage of Hunter Valley wine is white?

A

60% - mostly Semillon and Riesling

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28
Q

What is a top Hunter Valley Semillon?

A

Tyrell’s Vat 1

Can age over 20 years. Austere, grassy in youth. Honey and buttered over time

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29
Q

What states are in South Eastern Australia?

A

New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania

Winegrowing regions of South Australia and Queensland

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30
Q

What is the climate of coastal Victoria?

A

Cool maritime

Cooled by sea breezes from Antarctica, winter average temp cooler than Bordeaux or Burgundy

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31
Q

What GIs are known for their sweet, fortified wines?

A

Rutherglen and Glenrowan

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32
Q

Which zones in Victoria experience a more continental climate?

A

Inland zones: NW Victoria, Central Victoria, NE Victoria

Large diurinal swings

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33
Q

Describe the Morning Penninsula

A

In Victoria, sliver of land south of Melbourne. Cooler and windier. Known for CH, PG, PN.

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34
Q

Where will you find PN in Victoria grown?

A

Yarra Valley, Morning Penninsula, Geelong region, Gippsland

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35
Q

What is Victoria’s oldest wine region?

A

Yarra Valley

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36
Q

What wines are the Adelaide Hills known for?

A

SB, CH, PN and sparkling

Cool, maritime climate

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37
Q

What regions are within the Mount Lofty Ranges?

A

Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, Clare Valley

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38
Q

What is the climate in the Fleurieu Zone?

A

Mediterranean

Warmest region - McLaren Vale

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39
Q

What zone is McLaren Vale in?

A

Fleurieu

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40
Q

Where is the Riverland GI?

A

In Lower Murray Zone, north of the Limestone Coast in SA.

Known for bulk wine production

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41
Q

What are the GI’s in the Limestone Coast?

A

Coonawarra, Padthaway, Wrattonbully, Robe, Mount Benson, Mount Gambier

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42
Q

What GI is similar to Coonawarra?

A

Padthaway to the north

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43
Q

What is the famous soil in Coonawarra?

A

Terra Rosa

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44
Q

What is the climate in Coonawarra?

A

Cool maritime with long, even growing season. Spring frost can be a hazard.

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45
Q

What are some top producers in Coonawarra?

A

Majella, Wynns’ John Riddoch, Parker Estate’s First Growth

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46
Q

What is the area Coonawarra is in called?

A

Limestone Coast Zone

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47
Q

What is Coonawarra’s wine style?

A

Cab Sauv with elegance, soft tannins, red fruit and eucalyptus.

Eucalyptus is what they’re known forW

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48
Q

What is Coonawarra known for?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and terra rosa soils

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49
Q

How many zones are in SA?

A

Eight - most production is in the Southeast

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50
Q

What is Clare Valley known for?

A

Riesling - most classic and ageworthy

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51
Q

What zone is surrounded by three sides of the Mount Lofty Ranges?

A

Barossa. Known for premium Shiraz

52
Q

What style of wine is Barossa Shiraz?

A

Opaque, dense, heavily extracted, full of dark fruit and chocolate

Traditionally aged in American oak hogsheads (300 L)

Will co-ferment with Viognier to brighten and lift wines

53
Q

Where is Eden Valley?

A

In the Mount Lofty Ranges next to Barossa valley. Cooler than Barossa

54
Q

What are some well known producers in Barossa Valley?

A

Torbreck, Peter Lehmann, Penfolds, Rockford

55
Q

What are some producers in Eden Valley?

A

Yalumba, Pewsey Vale, Henschke (Hill of Grace)

56
Q

Where is Margaret River GI found?

A

Western Australia within South Western Australia Zone

57
Q

What do they grow in Margaret River?

A

CH, Semillon, SB, CS, BDX varietals

58
Q

Who are some top producers in Margaret River?

A

Cullen, Vasse Felix, Leeuwin Estate and Cape Mentelle

59
Q

What is W. Australia’s second-most prominent wine region?

A

Great Southern GI

60
Q

What is the hottest appellation in Oz?

A

Swan Valley GI in greater Perth

61
Q

What is Oz’s coolest wine-producing area?

A

Tasmania

62
Q

What is the difference in climate between North and South Tasmania?

A

Northern climate is like Champagne or the Rheingau

Southern climate is even cooler

63
Q

What is the main grape grown in Tasmania?

A

Pinot Noir

64
Q

South Burnett is in what state?

A

Brisbane

65
Q

Swan District is in what state?

A

Western Australia

66
Q

Granite Belt is in what state?

A

Brisbane

67
Q

Southern Flinders Ranges is in what state?

A

South Australia

68
Q

Murry Darling is in what state?

A

Victoria

69
Q

Riverina is in what state?

A

NSW

70
Q

Hilltops is in what state?

A

NSW

71
Q

Clare Valley is in what state?

A

South Australia

72
Q

Swan Hill is in what state?

A

NSW

73
Q

Perth Hills is in what state?

A

Western Australia

74
Q

Barossa Valley is in what state?

A

South Australia

75
Q

Goulburn Valley is in what state?

A

Victoria

76
Q

Adelaide Plains is in what state?

A

South Australia

77
Q

Gramplane is in what state?

A

Victoria

78
Q

Pyrenees is in what state?

A

Victoria

79
Q

Adelaide Hills is in what state?

A

South Austrlia

80
Q

Henty is in what state?

A

Victoria

81
Q

Orange is in what state?

A

NSW

82
Q

Hunter Valley is in what state?

A

NSW

83
Q

Alpine Valleys is in what state?

A

Victoria

84
Q

Canberra District is in what state?

A

NSW

85
Q

Kangaroo Island is in what state?

A

South Australia

86
Q

Sunbury is in what state?

A

Victoria

87
Q

Gundagai is in what state?

A

NSW

88
Q

Beechworth is in what state?

A

Victoria

89
Q

King Valley is in what state?

A

Bictoria

90
Q

Southern Highlands is in what state?

A

NSW

91
Q

Rutherglen is in what state?

A

Victoria

92
Q

Glenrowan is in what state?

A

Victoria

93
Q

McLaren Valle is in what state?

A

South Austrlia

94
Q

Currency Creek is in what state?

A

South Australia

95
Q

Mount Gambier is in what state?

A

South Australia

96
Q

Mornington Peninsula is in what state?

A

Victoria

97
Q

Yarra Valley is in what state?

A

Victoria

98
Q

Peel is in what state?

A

Western Australia

99
Q

Pemberton is in what state?

A

Western Australia

100
Q

Great Southern is in what state?

A

Western Australia

101
Q

Perth Hills is in what state?

A

Western Australia

102
Q

Geographe is in what state?

A

Western Australia

103
Q

Blackwood Valley is in what state?

A

Western Australia

104
Q

Manjimup is in what state?

A

Western Australia

105
Q

Riverland is in what state?

A

South Australia

106
Q

Southern Fleurieu is in what state?

A

South Australia

107
Q

Padthaway is in what state?

A

South Australia

108
Q

Mount Benson is in what state?

A

South Australia

109
Q

Robe is in what state?

A

South Australia

110
Q

Mount Gambier is in what state?

A

South Australia

111
Q

Goulburn Valley is in what state?

A

Victoria

112
Q

Strathbogie Ranges is in what state?

A

Victoria

113
Q

Heathcote is in what state?

A

Victoria

114
Q

Bendigo is in what state?

A

Victoria

115
Q

Macedon Ranges is in what state?

A

Victoria

116
Q

Upper Goulburn is in what state?

A

Victoria

117
Q

King Valley is in what state?

A

Victoria

118
Q

Alpine Valleys is in what state?

A

Victoria

119
Q

Tumbarumba is in what state?

A

NSW

120
Q

Shoalhaven Coast is in what state?

A

NSW

121
Q

New England Australia is in what state?

A

NSW

122
Q

Hastings River is in what state?

A

NSW

123
Q

Mudgee is in what state?

A

NSW

124
Q

Cowra is in what state?

A

NSW

125
Q

Hilltops is in what state?

A

NSW

CSM Theory Questions (35 decks)

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