Turberculosis Flashcards
What is TB
Contagious bacterial infection affecting the lungs. Can also affect the skin, CNS, MS system and reproductive system and the liver
Epidemiology and risk factors or tb
Tb is a global prevelance in lower, middle income countries
Immune compromised individuals (HIV/AIDS)
Malnutrition
Diabetes mellitus
Substance abuse
Close contact with affected individuals
Living in crowded poorly ventilated a areas
Clinical presentations of TB
Pulmonary TB:
Persistent cough, more than 3 weeks
Weakness
Hemophytes (coughing up blood)
Chest pain
Weight loss
Might sweats
Malaise
Fatigue
Fever and chills
Fatigue
Extrapulmonary TB
Symptoms may vary on affected organ (lymph nodes, bones, kidneys
Swollen lymph nodes, back pain, neurological symptoms
Systemic affects of tb
Chronic inflammation can lead to systemic symptoms
Fever and lamalise
Anataxia and weight loss
Night sweats
Different tb can affect multiple organs systems leading to complications such as renal fatigue, meningitis
Pathology of tb
Causative agent: my bacterium tuberculosis, a slow aerobic bacterium
TB usually Exeter’s the body through inhalation, the bacteria can evade the immune system and multiply
Differential diagnosis of TB
Pneumonia
Lung cancer
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (cold)
Fungal infections
Sarcoidosis
Other forms of lung disease
Treatment of tb
First line anti-tubercular drugs
Treatment regime lasting at least 6 months
Nutritional support