Osteoarthritis

Question 1

What is OA

Answer 1

A degenerative joint disease affecting the cartilage most common form of arthritis, classed as primary and secondary arthritis

Question 2

Epidemiology and risk factors or OA

Answer 2

Increasingly prevalence with ageing population
Leading cause of pain and disability
Genetic predispositions exist but are not strongly deterministic
Joint injuries, obesity,
Age, gender
Bone demorties
Certain metabolic diseases

Question 3

Clinical presentation of OA

Answer 3

Gradual onset
Mild swelling
Pain aggregated by use, eased by rest
Morning stiffness less than 30 minutes
Crepitus
Commonly affects knees, hips, and hands
Sounds; cracking, popping, scrapping
Difficult and painful mobilisation
Stiffness, tenderness, swelling and loss of flexibility

Question 4

Systemic effects of OA

Answer 4

Decreased functions
Weaken muscles
Affects overall balance, more suspetive to falls,
Bone tissue deterioration

Question 5

Differential diagnosis of OA

Answer 5

Inflammatory arthritis
Pmr
Ra
Lupus
Sepsis
Malignancy
Bursitis

Question 6

Pathology of OA

Answer 6

Degernation of ligaments and tendons
Joint capsule thickening
Sclerosis (hardening) of subchondral bone, formation of bone dates, osteophytes
Active joint disease

Inflammation due to cartilage breakdown

Question 7

Treatment of OA

Answer 7

Diet and nutrition
Weight management
Mobility trainings
NSAIDs
Interarticular corticosteroids
Joint protection