Myocardial Infarction

Question 1

What is myocardial infarction

Answer 1

“Heart attack” irruption of myocardial blood flow and resultant ischemia

Question 2

Epidemiology and risk factors of MI

Answer 2

Make> female
Over 45 miles, over. 55 females
Increased risk with age
Family history
Smoking
High bp
High cholesterol levels
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Stress

Question 3

Clinical presentation of MI

Answer 3

Chest pain or discomfort, described as pressure
Squeezing or fullness
Pain and discomfort in upper body including the arms, back neck and jaw or stomach, radiating
Shortness of breath
Nausea or committing
Cold sweats
Fatigue
Women present as nausea, vomitting, back and jaw pain, anxiety and panic attack
Men present as angina, UEX neck referred pain

Question 4

Systemic effects of MI

Answer 4

Heart failure
Arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat)
Cardiogeniv shovk
Perricardias ( inflammation of the sac around the heart)
Ventricular septal defect (hole in the heart)

Question 5

Pathology of MI

Answer 5

Blockage of the conronary arteries by a blood clot or plaque build up. Reduced blood flow to heart. Ischemia ( lack of oxygen to organs or muscles) leads to tissue damage or death

Question 6

Differential diagnosis of MI

Answer 6

Angina (chest pain due to reduced blood flow)
Pericarditis
Aortic dissection
Pulmonary embolism
Gastrooharyngeal reflux disease (Gerb)

Question 7

Treatment of MI

Answer 7

Immediate medical attention
Repufusion therapy
Medications to prevent heart work loads or prevent further complications
Cardiac rehab and lifestyle modifications