Femoral Acetabular Impingement

Question 1

What is FAI

Answer 1

Movement related disorder involving premature contact between the acetabulum and proximal femur

Question 2

Epidemiology and risk factors of FAI

Answer 2

Aggregated with sports
Young, athletic males
Genetic predispositions, potentially hereditary component in families
Pervious hip injuries
Trauma
Obesity
Occupation, hip related movements
Muscles imbalances

Question 3

Systemic effects of FAI

Answer 3

Cam and pincer morphology can lead to damage to the artukcar cartilage and labrum due to the impingement
Weakness to deep hip muscles which compress hip stability, can lead to falls
The femoral head glides anterior in the acetabulum , increasing joint stability.

Question 4

Clinical presentation of FAI

Answer 4

Pain
Advanced hip OA
Hip or groin pain in certain positions
Pain reported in the thigh, lower back or buttocks
Stiffness
Restricted hip rom
Locking or giving way
Clicking and catching
Decreased ability to perform daily activities
Crepitus p, grinding

Question 5

Pathology of FAI

Answer 5

Associated with changes in morphology of the hip, cam pincer and a combination of cam and pincer.
30% of hip symptoms
Isolated pressure of either cam or pincer morphology is sufficient for a diagnosis of FAI syndrome

Question 6

Treatment of FAI

Answer 6

Arthroscopy
Manual therapy, physio therapy
NSAIDs
Corticosteroids
Lifestyle modifications
Strengthening excerecises for hip, quads, hammies
Stretching routine

Question 7

Differential diagnosis of FAI

Answer 7

Tumour
Infection
Septic arthritis
Osteomyelitis
Fracture
A vascular necrosis
Oa