Tumors of the Nervous System Flashcards
The accuracy of predicting type of primary brain tumor based on MRI is ___%.
70%
The most common primary brain tumors in dogs are _______ (__%), _______ (___%), and ______ (___%).
meningiomas (45%), gliomas (40%), choroid plexus tumors (5%)
Secondary brain tumors comprise 1/2 of all canine intracranial tumors with _________ (___%), ________ (___%), ________ (___%), and _________ (___%) accounting for 77 - 86% of all SBTs.
hemangiosarcoma (30%), pituitary tumors (20%), lymphoma (15%), and metastatic carcinomas (15%)
Gliomas are highly overrepresented in what brachycephalic breeds?
Boxers, Boston terriers, bullmastiffs, French and English bulldogs
Approximately 70% of all feline intracranial brain tumors are primary brain tumors and ____% are ______.
> 50% are meningiomas
What is the most common clinical sign of intracranial tumors in dogs and cats?
dogs: seizures
cats: behavioral change
____% of cats with meningiomas have multiple brain tumors.
20%
Peritumoral edema is observed in ___% of canine meningiomas.
> 90%
Reported sensitivities of MRI to correctly identify canine intracranial meningiomas range from ___- ___%.
60-100%
The MRI sensitivity for meningiomas has been estimated to be ___% in cats.
96%
Diagnostic yield for minimally invasive brain biopsy in dogs is ___% with reported serious adverse event rate of ___%.
95%
5%
The majority of feline meningiomas are grade ___ tumors. Grade ___ meningiomas account for a significantly higher proportion (___%) in dogs.
grade 1
atypical grade 2 (40%)
Anaplastic grade 3 meningiomas are rare in humans, cats, and dogs and account for ___% of all canine and feline meningiomas.
1%
In the dog, approximately ___% of choroid plexus tumors are grade 1 choroid plexus papillomas , ___% are grade 3 choroid plexus carcinoma, and nearly 50% of CPTs occur in the _________.
40%
60%
fourth ventricle
In one study of choroid plexus tumors, CSF analysis was helpful in differentiation of papillomas from carcinomas as CSF total protein concentration greater than _____ was exclusively associated with diagnosis of carcinoma.
80mg/dl
___% of dogs with meningiomas and __% of cats are incidentally diagnosed.
6% dogs
19% cats
The MST of dogs treated with palliative care for primary brain tumors is ___.
2 months
Dogs with supratentorial treated palliatively have better prognosis (MST _____) than those with infratentorial tumors (MST ____).
MST supra: 6 months
MST infra: 1 month
The prognosis of dogs with pituitary tumors treated with palliative care is more favorable than PBTs (MST _____).
12 months
One retrospective study in 71 dogs with presumptively diagnosed brain tumors reported that CCNU-treated dogs (MST _____) experienced no
survival benefit compared with dogs receiving palliative therapy
(MST _____).
CCNU MST 3 months
Palliative care MST 2 months
No difference in survival was reported between groups of dogs with predominantly presumptively diagnosed gliomas treated with SRT with (MST _____) or without (MST ____)
TMZ.
MST w/ TMZ 14 months
MST w/out TMZ 13 months
What is the MST of cats treated with conventional surgery for meningiomas? Dogs?
MST cats: 2+ years
MST dogs: 7 months
The MST for dogs with meningiomas treated with surgery and adjuvant RT is superior to surgery alone and ranges from ____ - ______.
16 - 30 months
Studies of cohorts of dogs treated with RT as a sole treatment modality for brain tumors report MSTs ranging from ____ - _______.
7 - 23 months
Extradural tumors account for ___% of all spinal cord tumors and frequently arise from the vertebrae.
50%
Intradural-extramedullary (ID-EM) tumors account for ____% of all tumors, and ______ are the most common ID-EM tumor in dogs and cats.
35%
meningiomas
What is the most common primary spinal cord tumor in dogs and cats?
meningiomas
___% of spinal cord neoplasms are intramedullary (IM). In dogs, _______ and ________ are the most frequently diagnosed primary IM tumors, and ______ and _____________ are the most common secondary IM tumors.
15%
ependymomas and gliomas
HSA and TCC
_______ is the most common secondary spinal cord tumor in cats.
Lymphoma
More recent reports indicate that ____% of cats with CNS lymphoma are infected with what retrovirus?
56%
FeLV
Among extradural tumors arising from the vertebra, _______ is the most common followed by ______ and _______.
- OSA
- CSA
- FSA
The MSTs for dogs with intraspinal meningioma treated with surgery alone vary widely and range
from ____ to _____ months.
6 - 47 months
The addition of postoperative RT in dogs with meningiomas increased the MST to approximately _______.
45 months
In cats with spinal meningiomas treated surgically, reported MSTs are ____ to ______.
6 - 17 months
The long-term prognosis associated with vertebral tumors is guarded, with one study reporting an overall MST of
_____ months in dogs with a variety of vertebral tumors.
5 months
Cats with malignant vertebral tumors have a guarded to poor long-term prognosis with surgical treatment, with a reported MST of ______ in one study
4 months
The MST in dogs treated with surgery and/or RT for spinal nephroblastoma range from ____ to _____. Tumors confined to intradural - extramedullary location have superior survival (MST ______) compared to those with intramedullary component (MST _______)
2 - 12 months
13 months
5 months
For MRI of PNST, up to ___% display only nerve thickening rather than a discrete mass.
50%
The overall prognosis historically is considered guarded to poor for dogs with PNST, with MSTs of approximately
______ for dogs with paraspinal and plexus PNST. Complete resection of PNST including the use of limb sparing techniques report a MST of _______.
6 months
43 months
The treatment of canine PNST with evidence of nerve root and vertebral canal invasion with SRT reports a mean progression-free ST of _____.
8 months
In one study of 45 surgically treated cats with PNST, ___% of MPNST
recurred compared with ___% of BPNST.
31%
14%
The MSTs for dogs with trigeminal PNST treated with SRS or SRT ranges from _____ - _______.
15 - 25 months
