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Renal > tumors and anomalies > Flashcards

tumors and anomalies Flashcards

0
Q

classic triad of renal cell carcinoma

A

hematuria
pain
flank mass

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1
Q

4 types of renal tumors

A

renal adenocarcinoma (renal cell carcinoma)
embryonal tumor (nephroblastoma- wilms tumor)
mesenchymal tumors
tumor like conditions

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2
Q

bilateral percentage

A

0.5-1.5%

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3
Q

multiple tumors

A

4.5%

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4
Q

types of renal cell carcinoma

A

clear cell
papillary adenocarcinoma
chromophobe
other

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5
Q

clear cell carcinoma

A 
80%
highly vascular (massive hem) full of neutral (yellow lipids glycogen) that dissolves on prep
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6
Q

pap adenocarcinoma

A

10%
micropapillae protrude
foam celsl in walls

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7
Q

chromophobe

A

mosaic of pale cytoplasm and thick walls near capillaries

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8
Q

sarcomatoid differentiation

A

potential outcome of any RCC that represnts a very aggressive stage with poor px
cells spindled but epithelial (+ keratin)

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9
Q

what is the difference between carcinoma and adenoma

A 
adenoma is smaller (<2-3 cm) therefore less malignant
mostly papillary (and thus slow growing)
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10
Q

nephroblastoma is found primarily in

A

kids

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11
Q

clinical presentation of nephroblastoma

A

palpable mass
hypertension
pain

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12
Q

path of nephroblastoma

A

blastema cells, epithelial cells, stromal cells all in different ratios

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13
Q

what does thsi tumor persist from

A

metanephric blastema

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14
Q

two growth patterns of urothelial lined tumors

A

papillary (verticle) or carcinoma (flat)

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15
Q

clinical presentation of baldder cancer

A

hematuria, pain, freq, dysuria

can present by blockage and ureteritis and hydronephrosis

16
Q

papillary urothelial carcinoma gross

A

cauliflower like configurations

17
Q

papillary urothelial LM

A

fringe-like surface because of papillary fronds, pale pink fibrovascular core covered by urothelium

18
Q

low grade papillary tumors

A

elongated papillae with less crowded cells

19
Q

high grade papillary tumors

A

smaller, condesnced papillae with highly crowded, large, hyperchromic and anaplastic cells with mitotic figures

20
Q

CIS has a___

A

higher risk of invasion because flat

21
Q

Ta staging

A

no invasion

22
Q

T1

A

invasion lamina propia

23
Q

T2

A

invasion muscle

24
Q

T3

A

invasion of fat

25
Q

T4

A

lymph node involvement

26
Q

T2 or more

A

requires removing bladder vs local resection in non-muscle invasive tumors

27
Q

bladder VA tx

A

topical- BCG, thiotepa, mitomycin C
radiation for invasion
surgery
chemo

28
Q

upper urotheial tract cancer presents

A

hematuria

29
Q

treatment uut cancer

A

standard nephrourectomy with bladder cuff segment

Renal (17 decks)

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