chronic kidney disease

Question 0

CKD is defined as

Answer 0

GFR less than 60 for > 3 months

Question 1

as the number of functioning neprhons decreases

Answer 1

more demand per nephron

Question 2

CGA staging

Answer 2

cause
gfr
albuminuria

Question 3

to figure out eGFR you must

Answer 3

use the serum certaine and GFR, NOT creatinine alone

Question 4

preferred scale for adults

Answer 4

albumn/creatinne

Question 5

preferred scale for kids

Answer 5

protein/creatinine

Question 6

low GFR

Answer 6

is more than high albumin

Question 7

pathological progression CKD

Answer 7

tubular atrophy
interstitial fibrosis
glomerular sclerosis
periglomerual fibroiss

Question 8

assessing proteinuria

Answer 8

do a spot urine same (in AM for kids) if increased risk for CKD do alumin specific dipstick for ACR for adults or a PCR for kids

Question 9

interventions for CKD

Answer 9

low protein diet
oral alkali
hyperuricemia-->allopurinol
lipids and treatment
vit d analogs

Question 10

comorbidities of CKD

Answer 10

HTN
anemia
vit d def
po4 retnetion
metabolic acidosis

Question 11

preferred agents for HTN CKD

Answer 11

acei or arb

Question 12

cautions of HTN in CKD

Answer 12

10-20% CREATININEb increase may happen in first 2 weeks, but than stabilizes unless some other issue

NO K supplements and k sparing diuretics

Question 13

why do patients get anemia

Answer 13

ckd–>decrease epo production by peritubular cells

Question 14

vit d def and PO4 retnetion lead to

Answer 14

hypo ca–>hyperpth–>osteodystrophy

Question 15

even pth may not be enough to

Answer 15

correct PO4

Question 16

treatment of vitd def and po4 retention

Answer 16

decrease dietary po3 or use po4 chelators

vit d supplements to tx bone pain

Question 17

chronic metabolic acidosis

Answer 17

treat with Na-citrate or NaHCo3

milk seems to help

Question 18

start dialysis at stage

Answer 18

4