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Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. > Tuesday/Wednesday > Flashcards

Tuesday/Wednesday Flashcards

0
Q

Diaphragmatic apertures

A

Helps allow things to pass

-IVC, esophagus, aorta

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1
Q

Diaphragm crura

A

Musculotendinous bundles that arise from anterior surfaces of the bodies of the superior 3 lumbar vertebrae

  • right crus
  • left crus

Both crura unite by median acute ligament

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2
Q

Aortic hiatus

A

Through the diaphragm

Aorta, thoracic duct, Azagos vein

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3
Q

Caval opening

A

Where the IVC flows

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4
Q

Esophageal hiatus

A

Esophagus and vagus nerve

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5
Q

Sterno costal triangle

A

Between the sternal and costal attachments of the diaphragm

Helps transmit lymph vessels from the liver

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6
Q

What innervates diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve c3-5

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7
Q

Psoas major superior attachment

A

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebra,

sides of the bodies t12-s1 and iv disc

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8
Q

Psoas major inferior attachment

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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9
Q

Psoas major innervation and action

A

Lumbar plexus

Flexes thigh, flex vertebral column

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10
Q

Iliacus superior attachment

A

Superior 2 thirds of iliac fossa

Anterior sacro-iliac ligament

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11
Q

Iliacus inferior attachment

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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12
Q

Iliacus innervation and action

A

Femoral nerve(l2-4)

Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip

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13
Q

Quadratus lumborum superior attachment

A

Inferior border of 12th rib

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14
Q

Quadrats lumborum inferior attachment

A

Ilio lumbar ligament

Internal lip of iliac crest

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15
Q

Quadratus ligament innervation and action

A

Anterior branch of t12 and l1-4

Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column

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16
Q

Nerves of the lumbar plexus

A 
Iliohypogastric 
Ilio inginal 
Lateral femoral cutaneous 
Femoral 
Genitofemoral 
Obturator 
Lumbosacral trunk
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17
Q

What is he lumbar plexus

A

Anterior rami of l1-4

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18
Q

Lumbosacral trunk

A

Goes in the pelvis to help form the sacral plexus with the anterior rami of s1-4

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19
Q

What nerve sits right in top of psoas major

A

Genitofemoral

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20
Q

Common iliac artery splits into what

A

External and internal iliac artery

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21
Q

What are the branches of external iliac artery?

A

Inferior epigastic

Deep iliac circumflex

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22
Q

Sacroiliac joint ligaments

A

Anterior sacro-iliac ligament
Posterior sacro-iliac ligament
Interosseous sacro-iliac ligament

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23
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

Strong weight bearing
Anterior synovial plane with limit mobility
Between the sacrum and ilium

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24
Q

Sacrotuberous and sacro spinous ligament

A

Allow onlys limited upward movement

When you look into the pelvic outlet you will see sacrospinous ligament

25
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Secondary cartilaginous joint

Union of the two bodies of the pubic bones with a interpublic disc between

26
Q

Pubic symphysis ligaments

A

Superior public ligament and inferior pubic ligament

27
Q

Iliolumbar ligament

A

Part of the lumbosacral joint
Unites the transverse processes of l5 to the ilia

Looks like it lays on anterior sacroiliac ligament

28
Q

Pelvic diaphragm

A

Bowl or funnel shaped pelvic form consists of levator ani and coccygeus muscles

29
Q

Levator ani origin

A

Body of the pubis

Ischial spine

30
Q

Levator ani insertion

A

Perineal body
Coccyx
Rectum
Anal canal

31
Q

Levator ani innervation and action

A

Nerve to levator ani

Resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure

32
Q

Coccygeus origin

A

Ischial spine

33
Q

Coccygeus insertion

A

Inferior end of sacrum and coccyx

34
Q

Coccygeus innervation and action

A

Branches of s4 and s5

Helps form pelvic diaphragm, flexes coccyx

35
Q

Obturator internus origin

A

Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium, obturator membrane

36
Q

Obturator internus insertion

A

Greater trochanter of femur

37
Q

Obturator internus innervation and action

A

Nerve to obturator internus

Laterally rotates hip joint, helps hold the head of the femur in the acetabulum

38
Q

Piriforms origin

A

Pelvic surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments

Great sciatic notch

39
Q

Pisiforms insertion

A

Great trochanter of femur

40
Q

Pisiforms innervation and action

A

Anterior rami of s1 and s2

Laterally rotates hip joint, abducts hip joint

41
Q

Lateral pelvic wall

A

Obturator internus

42
Q

Posterior pelvic wall

A

Piriformis

43
Q

What muscle forms a muscular bed for the sacral nerve network

A

Pisiformis

44
Q

Anterio-inferior pelvic wall

A

Formed by the bodies and rami of the pubic bone and pubic symphysis
Bears the weight of the urinary bladder

45
Q

Sacral plexus

A
  • (L4-5) s1-4

- lumbosacral trunk joins

46
Q

Branches of the sacral plexus

A 
Sciatic nerve 
Pudendal nerve 
Superior gluteal nerve 
Inferior gluteal nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous
47
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

L4-s3
Largest nerve
Flexors of the knees and all the muscles in leg and foot

48
Q

Pudendal nerve

A
  • s2-s4

- supplies skin and muscles of the lower pelvic including reproductive, urinary, and digestive tracts

49
Q

Pelvic splanchic nerve

A

Supply the parasympathetic nerve supply to the organs below the left colic flexture line

50
Q

What four main arteries enter the lesser pelvis in females

A

Internal iliac arteries
Ovarian arteries
Median sacral
Superior rectal

Males only have two main, because no ovarian arteries.

51
Q

Branches of the internal iliac artery

A

-iliolumbar
-lateral sacral
-superior gluteal
-inferior gluteal
-internal puodendal
-vesical branches
-umbilicus
(Then obturator coming from the lumbar plexus)

52
Q

Ureters

A

Retro peritoneal

Carry urine to the Kidneys

53
Q

Urinary bladder

A
  • sub peritoneal organ
  • internal iliac artery
  • veins that drained this are names for what they drain
54
Q

Who has a internal urethral sphincter

A

Males only

55
Q

Seminal gland

A

Between the fundus of bladder and the rectum

Secrete a thick Fuild to help make up the semen

56
Q

Anal triangle

A

Posterior to the line
Contains the anal canal and the anus

( triangle is between the two Ischial tuberosity and the coccyx)

57
Q

Urogenital triangle

A

Containing root of the scrotom and penis in males and the vulva in females
Anterior to the line
Closed by the perineal membrane
(Between the two Ischial tuberosities and the pubic symphysis)

58
Q

What is a branch of internal puodendal artery

A

Inferior rectal

Goes to the anal sphincter

59
Q

Ischiorctal fossa boundaries

A 
Lateral: ischium 
Inferior: obturator internus 
Medial: external anal sphincter 
Superior (or roof): levator ani 
Posterior: gluteus Maximus
60
Q

Ischiorectal fossa importance

A

The fossae has fibrous band that are filled with fat that help suppor the anal canal
But are quickly moved for expansion of the anal canal

61
Q

Branches of the internal iliac artery

A

-iliolumbar
-lateral sacral
-superior gluteal
-inferior gluteal
-internal puodendal
-vesical branches
-umbilicus
(Then obturator coming from the lumbar plexus)

Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. (8 decks)

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