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Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Pericardium

A

double walled fibroserous membrane that encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels

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2
Q

The three parts of the pericardial sac

A
  • Fibrous Pericardium
  • Partietal Layer of Serous Pericardium
  • Viseral Layer of Serous Pericardium
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3
Q

What is fibrous pericardium

A
  • heart

- tough external layer that protects the heart against sudden overfill

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4
Q

what is the viseral layer of serous pericardium

A
  • heart
  • makes up the external later of the heart wall
  • Epicardium
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5
Q

Pericardiacophrenic artery

A

-branch off the internal thoracic artery that supplies the pericardium

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6
Q

Pericardiacophrenic veins

A

drains the blood of the pericardium

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7
Q

what innervates the pericardium

A
  • Vagus Nerve (PNS)
  • phrenic nerve
  • Sympathetic trunks
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8
Q

Myocardium

A

thick middle layer of the heart composed of cardiac

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9
Q

Endocardium

A

thin internal layer or lining membrane

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10
Q

apex of the heart

A

formed by the inferolateral part of the left ventricle

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11
Q

base of the heart

A

formed mainly by the left atrium

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12
Q

What are the four surfaces of the heart

A
  • anterior surface (mainly right ventricle)
  • diaphragmatic surface (mainly left ventricle)
  • left pulmonary surface (this surface cause the cardiac impression on the left lung
  • right pulmonary surface (right atrium)
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13
Q

Right atrium

A
  • Right auricle
  • Pectinate muscles
  • opening of the Superior vena cava, Inferior vena cava and Coronary sinus
  • Interatrial septum
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14
Q

Interatrial septum

A

-seperating the two atrium

oval fossa= oval depression of a hole that was there in fetus

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15
Q

Right ventricle

A
  • Trabeculae Carneae
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Tendionus Cords (Chordae Tendineae)
  • Papillary Muscles
  • Right AV ofice
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16
Q

Tricuspid value

A
  • guards the right AV orifice

- the tendonius cords come off the cusps and attach to the papillary muscles

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17
Q

The av orifice

A

where the right ventricle recieves blood from the right atrium, where the tricuspid valve is located

18
Q

papillary muscles

A

-they pull and tighten the tendinous cords and draw in the cusps

19
Q

interventricular (IV) septum

A

-meatly muscle in between the right and left ventricle

20
Q

Pulmonary valve

A
  • at the base of the pulmonary trunk

- semilunar valve

21
Q

left atrium

A
  • valveless pulmonary veins enter
  • pectinate muscles
  • auricle
22
Q

left ventricle

A
  • bicupsid valve at the left av orifice
  • walls thicker here
  • walls covered in trabeculae carneae
  • aortic vestibule
  • papillary muscles
23
Q

aortic vesticule

A
  • left ventricle

- leading to the aortic orifice and aortic valve

24
Q

What are the two branches of the coronary artery

A
  • Right coronary artery (arises from right aortic sinus)

- Left coronary artery (arises from left aortic sinus)

25
Q

Two branches of the right coronary artery

A
  • right marginal branch

- posterior interventricular artery

26
Q

Two branches of the left coronary artery

A
  • anterior interventricular artery (at apex in anastomoses with posterior interventricular artery)
  • circumflex branch (which branches into the left marginal artery
27
Q

What parts of the heart does the right coronary artery supply

A
  • Right atrium
  • most of the right ventricle
  • part of the left ventricle
  • part of the IV septum
28
Q

what parts of the heart does the left coronary artery supply

A
  • left atrium
  • most of left ventricle
  • parts of the right ventricle
29
Q

What is the venous drainage of the heart

A

Coronary sinus, which is where all the veins on the heart drain into to

30
Q

What veins drains into the coronary sinus

A
  • great cardiac vein
  • middle cardiac vein
  • small cardiac vein
  • (left posterior ventricular and left margial vein)
31
Q

What veins runs with posterior interventricular branch artery?

A

middle cardiac vein

32
Q

What vein runs with the right coronary artery

A

small cardiac vein

33
Q

what vein runs with the anterior interventricular branch artery

A

great cardiac vein

34
Q

What are the branches off the aortic arch from left to right

A
  • brachiocephalic trunk (right subclavian, right common carotid)
  • left common carotid
  • left subclavian
35
Q

SA Node

A

-conducting system of the heart
-initiates and regulates the impulses for contraction
“Pacemaker of the heart”
-sends message to AV node

36
Q

AV node

A
  • conducting system of the heart

- distributes the signal to the ventricles through AV bundle

37
Q

innervation of the heart

A
  • cardiac plexus
  • sympathetic supply of the heart increases the heart rate
  • parasympathetic decreases the heart rate (Vagus Nerve)
38
Q

referred pain of the heart

A

-phenomenon where noxious stimuli originating in the heart are perceived by the person as pain arising from the superficial part of the body.

39
Q

ligamentum arteriosum

A

-between aortic arch and left pulmonary artery

40
Q

Ovale fossa

A
  • between the right and left atrium

- ductus arteriosus

Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. (8 decks)

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