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Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. > Tuesday Lecture 6/2 > Flashcards

Tuesday Lecture 6/2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the abdominal cavity bounded by?

A
  • abdominal walls
  • diaphragm
  • pelvis
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2
Q

The five muscles in the anterolateral abdominal wall

A 
Three Flat Muscles:
-External oblique
-Internal oblique
-transverse abdominis 
Two vertical muscles:
-rectus abdominis
-pyramidalis
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3
Q

External oblique origin

A
  • superficial layer

- external surfaces of the 5th and 12th ribs

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4
Q

what is the inguinal ligament?

A

-the external oblique’s inferior margin is thickened as an undercurving fibrous band that spans between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

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5
Q

external oblique insertion

A

linea alba
pubic tubercle
anterior half of iliac crest

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6
Q

external oblique innervation

A

thoracoabdominal nerves (Anterior rami of T7-T11) and subcostal nerve

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7
Q

external oblique action

A

compress and support abdominal visera

flex opposite side and rotate trunk

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8
Q

internal oblique origin

A
  • thoracodorsal fasica
  • anterior two thirds of iliac crest
  • connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
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9
Q

internal oblique insertion

A
  • inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs
  • linea alba
  • pubis via conjoint tendon
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10
Q

internal oblique innervation

A
  • thoraco-abdominal nerve (anterior rami of T7-T11)

- Subcostal and fist lumbar nerve

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11
Q

interal oblique action

A

compress and support abdominal visera

flex and rotate trunk

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12
Q

transversus abdominis origin

A
  • internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages
  • thoracolumbar fasica
  • iliac crest
  • Connective tissue deep to inguinl ligament
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13
Q

transversus abdominis insertion

A
  • linea alba wth aponerous of internal oblique
  • public crest
  • pubis vas conjoint tendon
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14
Q

transversus abdominis innervation

A
  • thoraco-abdominal nerve (anterior rami of T7-T11)

- Subcostal and fist lumbar nerve

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15
Q

transversus abdominis action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera

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16
Q

Rectus abdominis origin

A

public symphysis and public crest

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17
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

xiphoid procress and 5th-7th costal cartiladges

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18
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

-Thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves

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19
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A
  • Flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera

- Stablizes and controls tilt of pelvis

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20
Q

Pyramidalis

A
  • small triangular muscle
  • absent in 20% of people
  • Arise from the pubic crest
  • Attaches along the linea alba
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21
Q

Borders of the superior thoracic aperture

A

Posterior: T1 vertebrae
Laterally: first pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
Anteriorly: superior border of the manubrium

Thoracic inlet

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22
Q

What runs through the superior thoracic aperture?

A

Trachea, esophagus, vessels and nerves

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23
Q

inferior thoracic aperture borders

A
  • posteriorly: T12 vertebrae
  • posterolaterally: 11th and 12th pairs of ribs
  • anteriorlaterally: the joined costal cartiladges of ribs 7-10 (forming the costal margin)
  • anteriorly: xiphisternal joint
  • thoracic outlet
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24
Q

What is important about the inside of a rib bone?

A

-its spongy and contains bone marrow which forms blood cells

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25
Q

True ribs

A
  • Vertebrosternal
  • 1st-7th ribs
  • attach directly to the sternum anteriorly with there own costal cartiladge
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26
Q

False Ribs

A
  • Vertebrochondral
  • 8th-10th ribs
  • cartilages on their anterior ends join with the cartiladge of the rib just superior to them (so they indirectly connect to the sternum)
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27
Q

Floating Ribs

A
  • Free
  • 11th and 12th, sometimes the 10th too
  • they do not connect directly or indirectly to the sternum
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28
Q

Parts of a typical rib

A
  • 3rd-9th

- head, neck, tubercle. body

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29
Q

Atypical Rib: 1st

A
  • board and shortest
  • scalene tubercle
  • articulates only with T1
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30
Q

Atypical Rib: 2nd

A
  • thinner

- has attachments for serratus anterior and posterior scalenes

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31
Q

Atypical Rib: 10th-12th

A

-have only one facet on their heads

32
Q

Atypical rib: 11-12

A
  • have no neck or tubercles

- short

33
Q

intervertebral joint type

A

symphysis

34
Q

intervertebral joint articulations

A

adjacent vertebral bodies bounded tgether by iv disc

35
Q

intervertebral joint ligament

A

anterior and posterior longitudinal

36
Q

Costovertebral joints joint tye

A

plane synovial

37
Q

Costovertebral joint articulation

A

head of each rib with costal facet (or demifacet) of the corresponding vertebral body

38
Q

Costovertebral joint ligaments

A

-Radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib

39
Q

costotransverse joint ligament

A

lateral and superiorr costotransverse

40
Q

costotranverse joint articulations

A

articulation of tubercle of rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebra

41
Q

costotransverse joint type

A

synoival plane

42
Q

Sternocostal joint type

A

1st: primary cartiladges

2nd-7th: synovial plane

43
Q

Sternocostal joint articulations

A

1st rib: with the costal cartiladge and manubrium

2nd-7th: with the costal cartiladge and sternum

44
Q

Sternocostal joint ligament

A

anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal

45
Q

sternoclavicular joint ligaments

A
  • anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments

- costoclavicular ligament

46
Q

sternoclavicular articulations

A

sterno end of the clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartiladge

47
Q

sternoclavicular joint type

A

saddle synovial

48
Q

Costochondral joint type

A

primary cartiladgionous joint

49
Q

costochondral joint articulations

A

lateral end of costal cartiladge with sternal end of rib

50
Q

costochondral joint ligaments

A

cartilage and bone: bound together by periosteum

51
Q

interchondral joint type

A

synoival plane

52
Q

interchondral joint articulations

A

costal cartiladge of 6th-7th, 7th-8th and 8th-9th ribs

53
Q

interchondral joint ligament

A

interchondral ligaments

54
Q

manubriosternal joint type

A

secondary catilaginous, symphysis

55
Q

manubriosternal jint articulation and ligaments

A
  • manubrium and body of sternum

- interchondral ligaments

56
Q

xiphisternal joint type

A

primary cartilaginous joint, synchondrosis

57
Q

xiphisternal joint articulations and ligaments

A
  • xiphoid and body of the sternum

- interchondral ligaments

58
Q

external intercostal superior and inferior attachment

A

inferior border of ribs

superior border of ribs below

59
Q

external intercostal innervation action

A
  • intercostal nerve

- during forced inspiratio, elevates ribs

60
Q

internal intercostal superior and inferior attachment

A
  • inferior border of ribs

- superior border of ribs below

61
Q

internal intercostal innervation and action

A
  • intercostal nerve

- during forced respiration

62
Q

innermost intercostal superior and inferior attachment

A
  • inferior border of ribs

- superior border of ribs below

63
Q

innermost intercostal innervation and action

A
  • intercostal nerve

- during forced respiration

64
Q

transversus thoracis superior attachment

A

posterior surface of lower sternum

65
Q

transversus thoracis inferior attachment

A

internal surface of costal cartiladges 2-6

66
Q

transversus thoracis innervation

A

intercostal nerve

67
Q

transversus thoracis action

A

weakly depresses ribs

68
Q

intercostal nerves:

A
  • formed by anterior rami of T1-T11
  • run the intercostal space between the parietal pleura and internal intercostal membrane
  • gives rise to lateral cutaneous branches and anterior cutaneous branches
69
Q

internal thoracic artery

A
  • arise from the subclavan artery
  • supplies part of the thoracic wall
  • it branches as anterior intercostal arteries in the intercostal spaces 1-6
  • it branches as muscolphrenic arteries in intercostal spaces 7-9
70
Q

Anterior intercostals artery

A

comes from the internal thoracic artery in the intercostal space 1-6

71
Q

posterior intercostals artery

A

supreme intercostal artery (branch of subclavian) and thoracic aorta

72
Q

Musculophrenic arteries

A

branches of the internal thoracic in intercostal spaces 7-9

-supplies the diaphragm

73
Q

Superior epigastric artery

A
  • continuation of the internal thoracic artery

- enters the rectus sheath, supplies the upper part of rectus abdominis and anastomoses with inferior epigastric artery

74
Q

inferior epigastric artery

A
  • arises from the external iliac artery deep to the inguinal ligament
  • it supplies the lower part of rectus abdominis and anastomses with superior epigastric artery
75
Q

Linea alba

A
  • the aponeuroses of the three anterior abdominal muscles interweave to form this
  • runs from the xiphoid process to the public symphysis
76
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

The aproneuroses from transversee abdominis, internal oblique and external oblique come together to form this
-it encloses rectus abdominis

77
Q

Transversalis fasica

A

the fasica lining the deep surface of the tranverse abdominis muscle or aponeurosis

Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. (8 decks)

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