Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
what makes up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
what makes up the peripheral nervous system?
- Spinal nerves (31 pairs)
- Cranial nerves (12 pairs)
Autonomic nervous system: what is it?
-subdivision of peripheral nervous system that regulates body activities that are generally not under conscious control
Visceral motor
- innervates non-skeletal muscles
- such as cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, internal organs and skin
The two functional divisions of the autonomic nervous system
- Sympathetic
- Parasympathetic
Sympathethic what is it?
- Thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
- Flight, Fight, Fright, Freeze
- Increases heart rate, blood pressure, bronchodilation, increasing pupil size
Parasympathetic what is it
- Craniosacral
- Rest and Digest
- Restores Homeostasis
- Energy conservation
Impulse conduction in both autonomic nervous system requres how many neurons
2 neurons
What are the two neurons that the autonomic nervous system requires to produce impulses
- Presynaptic (preganglionic) neuron: synapses with postsynaptic neuron
- Postsynaptic (postganglionic) neuron: synapse on effector organs
Somatic nervous system
- voluntary
- skeletal muscle and sensation
- ganglionic neuron extends to the organ it serves
What is ganglion?
collection of cell bodies
Neurotransmitter released by sympathetic?
Noepinephrine
Neurotransmitter released by parasympathetic?
acetylcholine
The three prevertebral ganglion of the sympathic nervous system
- Celiac ganglion
- Superior mesenteric ganglion
- inferior mesenteric ganglion
Intermediolateral (IML) cell bodies
- laternal horns of gray matter
- where presynaptic cell bodies are located
- column extends from t1 through l2
Synapse can occur at what two locations
- Paravertebral ganglia: links to form sympathetic chains
- Prevertebral ganglia in a plexus around ain aortic branches
what are four actions actions of presynaptic fibers?
- Ascending
- Decending
- Synapse right away
- Pass thru
ascending action of presynaptic
- synapse with postsynaptic neuron of higher paravertbral ganglion (up)
- innervates things higher up to superior cervical ganglion (go to head and eye)
decending action of presynaptic
- descend in trunk to synapse with postsynaptic neuron of lower paravertebral ganglion
- go down to innervate lower stuctures
synapse right away action of presynaptic
- mostly the innervation of the middle trunk
- synapse then go straight out
pass thru action of the presynaptic
- go through the trunk without synapsing and continue thru as a splanchnic nerve to reach the prevertebral ganglion
- innervates visera in abdominopelvic cavity
Splanchnic nerves
-appears in fibers that are doing the pass thru action
Suprarenal (Adrenal) Gland
-passes thru the prevertebral ganglia without synapsing to end at the medulla of adrenal gland
Parasympathetic system
- visceral motor innervation
- more restricted than sympathetic
- does not reach the body wall or limbs
- mostly the presynaptic fiber synapse with the postsynaptic at the target cells except for 4 parasympathetic ganglia
Parasympathetics presynaptic neuron cell bodies are located where
- gray matter of brain stem with cranial nerve fibers (III, VII, IX, X)
- gray matter of S2-S4
The cranial parasympathetic outflow is made up of what
Cranial nerve fibers CN III, VII, IX, and X
the sacral parasympathetic outflow is made up of what
gray matter of S2-S4
What are that names of the parasympathetic ganglia
- Ciliary ganglion
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
- Submandibular ganglion
- Otic ganglion
Visceral afferent sensation
- no sensation from normal organ function
- sensation is detected it may be nausea or hunger
problems with ANS
-problems with heat regulations
Two things that parasympathetic fibers do
- synapse in the four prevertebral ganglion
- synapse right at the organ
