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Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the central nervous system?

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

what makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A
  • Spinal nerves (31 pairs)

- Cranial nerves (12 pairs)

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3
Q

Autonomic nervous system: what is it?

A

-subdivision of peripheral nervous system that regulates body activities that are generally not under conscious control

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4
Q

Visceral motor

A
  • innervates non-skeletal muscles

- such as cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, internal organs and skin

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5
Q

The two functional divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A
  • Sympathetic

- Parasympathetic

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6
Q

Sympathethic what is it?

A
  • Thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
  • Flight, Fight, Fright, Freeze
  • Increases heart rate, blood pressure, bronchodilation, increasing pupil size
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7
Q

Parasympathetic what is it

A
  • Craniosacral
  • Rest and Digest
  • Restores Homeostasis
  • Energy conservation
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8
Q

Impulse conduction in both autonomic nervous system requres how many neurons

A

2 neurons

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9
Q

What are the two neurons that the autonomic nervous system requires to produce impulses

A
  • Presynaptic (preganglionic) neuron: synapses with postsynaptic neuron
  • Postsynaptic (postganglionic) neuron: synapse on effector organs
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10
Q

Somatic nervous system

A
  • voluntary
  • skeletal muscle and sensation
  • ganglionic neuron extends to the organ it serves
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11
Q

What is ganglion?

A

collection of cell bodies

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12
Q

Neurotransmitter released by sympathetic?

A

Noepinephrine

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13
Q

Neurotransmitter released by parasympathetic?

A

acetylcholine

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14
Q

The three prevertebral ganglion of the sympathic nervous system

A
  • Celiac ganglion
  • Superior mesenteric ganglion
  • inferior mesenteric ganglion
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15
Q

Intermediolateral (IML) cell bodies

A
  • laternal horns of gray matter
  • where presynaptic cell bodies are located
  • column extends from t1 through l2
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16
Q

Synapse can occur at what two locations

A
  • Paravertebral ganglia: links to form sympathetic chains

- Prevertebral ganglia in a plexus around ain aortic branches

17
Q

what are four actions actions of presynaptic fibers?

A
  • Ascending
  • Decending
  • Synapse right away
  • Pass thru
18
Q

ascending action of presynaptic

A
  • synapse with postsynaptic neuron of higher paravertbral ganglion (up)
  • innervates things higher up to superior cervical ganglion (go to head and eye)
19
Q

decending action of presynaptic

A
  • descend in trunk to synapse with postsynaptic neuron of lower paravertebral ganglion
  • go down to innervate lower stuctures
20
Q

synapse right away action of presynaptic

A
  • mostly the innervation of the middle trunk

- synapse then go straight out

21
Q

pass thru action of the presynaptic

A
  • go through the trunk without synapsing and continue thru as a splanchnic nerve to reach the prevertebral ganglion
  • innervates visera in abdominopelvic cavity
22
Q

Splanchnic nerves

A

-appears in fibers that are doing the pass thru action

23
Q

Suprarenal (Adrenal) Gland

A

-passes thru the prevertebral ganglia without synapsing to end at the medulla of adrenal gland

24
Q

Parasympathetic system

A
  • visceral motor innervation
  • more restricted than sympathetic
  • does not reach the body wall or limbs
  • mostly the presynaptic fiber synapse with the postsynaptic at the target cells except for 4 parasympathetic ganglia
25
Q

Parasympathetics presynaptic neuron cell bodies are located where

A
  • gray matter of brain stem with cranial nerve fibers (III, VII, IX, X)
  • gray matter of S2-S4
26
Q

The cranial parasympathetic outflow is made up of what

A

Cranial nerve fibers CN III, VII, IX, and X

27
Q

the sacral parasympathetic outflow is made up of what

A

gray matter of S2-S4

28
Q

What are that names of the parasympathetic ganglia

A
  • Ciliary ganglion
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Submandibular ganglion
  • Otic ganglion
29
Q

Visceral afferent sensation

A
  • no sensation from normal organ function

- sensation is detected it may be nausea or hunger

30
Q

problems with ANS

A

-problems with heat regulations

31
Q

Two things that parasympathetic fibers do

A
  • synapse in the four prevertebral ganglion

- synapse right at the organ

Gross Anatomy: Unit Three. (8 decks)

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