Tuberculosis Flashcards

1
Q

Tuberculosis

Tratamiento

A
  1. Línea: rifa, ISO, etambutol, pira, estrepto

2. Línea: aminoglucosidos, quinilonas, etionamida, cicloserina

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2
Q

Rifampicina

Mecanismo

A

Fija subunidad beta de ARN Pol

Disminuye vidas medias

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3
Q

Rifampicina

Uso

A

Profilaxis por meningococos
Enfocarditis por estafilococo en combinación
Lepra

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4
Q

Isoniazida

Mecanismo

A

Inhibe síntesis de ácido micolico

Eficacia depende de dosis, CL y actividad de NAT 2 (genotipos acetiladores lentos-rápidos)

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5
Q

Etambutol

Mecanismo

A

Inhibe síntesis de pared bacteriana

Bacteriostatico

En niños hay menos absorción y más depuración

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6
Q

Etambutol

Resistencia

A

Demora aparición de resistencia a otros

Gen embB

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7
Q

Etambutol

Efectos adversos

A

Neuritos óptica y alteración de rojo y verde
Neuritis periférica
Hipersensibilidad

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8
Q

Pirazinamida

Mecanismo

A

Dentro de la célula se convierte en ácido pirazinoico, sale y se protona para volver a entrar y provocar lisis

Inhibición de sintasa 1 de síntesis de ácido micolico
⬇️pH, transporte por la membrana

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9
Q

Pirazinamida

Resistencia

A

Pirazinaminidasa con menor afinidad
70% mutación de pncA

Causa hepatopatia

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10
Q

Aminoglucosidos

Resistencia

A

RpsL y rrs de resistencia a micobacterias

GidB en tuberculosis resistente a estreptomicina

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11
Q

Quinolonas

Mecanismo

A

Inhiben girasa de DNA

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12
Q

Etionamida

Mecanismo

A

Inhibe síntesis de ácido micolico

Resistencia por enzima activadora

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13
Q

Cicloserina

A

Interrumpe síntesis de pared
Hasta 80% resistencia
Síntomas neuro psiquiatratricos

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14
Q

Capreomicina

A

Resistencia cruzada

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15
Q

XDR TB

A

Resistencia a múltiples fármacos + quinolonas + 2 línea inyectables

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