TTMIK1

Question 1

안녕하세요. TTMIK Level 1
감사합니다. [kam-sa *m nida] cf 죄송합니다.

네 / 아니요
네, 맞아요.

커피 (안) 좋아해요? [keo-pi (an) jo-a-hae-yo?]

안녕히 계세요. = Stay in peace.
안녕히 가세요. = Go in peace.

저기요
잠시만요. [jam-si-man-yo] 잠깐만요. [jam-kkan-man-yo]

이에요 / 예요 [i-e-yo / ye-yo] là ‘이다’
저예요. (It’s) me.
뭐 [mwo] = what
뭐예요? [mwo-ye-yo?] = What is it? What’s that?

이거 [i-geo] is originally 이것 [i-geot] and it is a combination of 이 [i] (“this”) and 것 [geot]
(“thing”) but it is often used as just 이거 [i-geo] for the ease of pronunciation.
이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mwo-ye-yo?] = What is this?
이거요? [i-geo-yo?] = This one? Cái này ạ?

이 [i] = this (near you) = ni
그 [geu] = the / that (near the other person) = nớ
저 [jeo] = that (over there) = tê

은 [eun] / 는 [neun] còn, nói về
이 [i] / 가 [ga] mới là, chính… là

“좋아요. [jo-a-yo]” and that means “It’s good.” or “I like it.” ‘좋다 [ 조ː타 ] chuẩn’

있어요 [i-sseo-yo] comes from 있다 [it-da] có, còn
없어요 [eop-sseo-yo] is the opposite, and it comes from the verb 없다 [eop-da] không có, hết

주세요 [ju-se-yo] = Please give me cho xin ạ

맛 [mat] = taste
잘 먹겠습니다 [jal meok-ge-sseum-ni-da] literally means “I am going to eat well.”
잘 먹었습니다 [jal meo-geo-sseum-ni-da] literally means “I have eaten well” but it really means “Thank you for the food.”

-고 싶어요 [-go si-peo-yo] = I want to … {(đang) muốn; 싶다}
더 [deo] = more; sounds like [tho] thêm
가다 [ga-da] = to go
하다 [ha-da] = to do
보다 [bo-da] = to see
먹다 [meok-da] = to eat
사다 [*tha-da] = to buy
마시다 [ma-si-da] = to drink

1 일 [il] 2 이 [i] Track 29
3 삼 [tham] 4 사 [tha]
5 오 [o] 6 륙 [ryuk] or 육 [yuk]
7 칠 [chil] 8 팔 [pal]
9 구 [*khu] 10 십 [sip]
100 백 [baek]
1,000 천 [cheon]
10,000 만 [man = ten thousand],

The Present Tense
If the verb stem’s last vowel is ㅏ[a] or ㅗ [o], it is followed by 아요 [a-yo].
If the last vowel is NOT ㅏ[a] or ㅗ [o], it is followed by 어요 [eo-yo].
And only one verb stem, which is 하 [ha], is followed by 여요 [yeo-yo].

the past tense
았어요 [a-sseo-yo]
었어요 [eo-sseo-yo]
였어요 [yeo-sseo-yo]

어디 [eo-di] = where, which place, đâu, chỗ nào Track 35

에 [e] = at, to, ở, tới, về phía
I came to Korea. = 한국에 왔어요. [han-gug-e wa-sseo-yo]
Where are you? = 어디에 있어요? [eo-di-e i-sseo-yo?]

에서 [e-*tho] = at, in, from, tại, từ, sounds like [e-tho]
1. a location where an action is taking place
(ex. I studied in the library. / I met my friends in Seoul.)
2. the meaning of “from” a place
(ex. I came from Seoul. / This package came from Spain.)

언제 [eon-je] = when, khi nào, na3tian1 Track 37
어제 [eo-je] = yesterday, hôm qua, zuo2tian1
오늘 [o-neul] = today, hôm nay
내일 [nae-il] = tomorrow
지금 [ji-geum] = now {只今}
아까 [a-kka] = earlier (today), a while ago (today), hồi nãy, hồi sáng, hồi chiều
나중에 [na-jung-e] = later, lát nữa

Native Korean numbers Track 39
1 하나 [ha-na]
2 둘 [thul]
3 셋 [thet]
4 넷 [net]
5 다섯 [tha-theot]
6 여섯 [yeo-seot]
7 일곱 [iri-gop]
8 여덟 [yeo-deol]
9 아홉 [a-hop]
10 열 [yeol]
20 스물 [seu-mul]
30 서른 [seo-reun]
40 마흔 [ma-heun]
50 쉰 [swin]
60 예순 [ye-sun]
70 일흔 [i-riheun]
80 여든 [yeo-deun]
90 아흔 [a-heun]

There are two ways of saying the age, but here, let’s look at the more ordinary and everyday fashion.
You say a native Korean number and add 살 [thai] after it.
But the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 20 change forms before a noun.
1 하나 [ha-na] –> 한 [han] 살
2 둘 [thul] –> 두 [thu] 살
3 셋 [thet] –> 세 [*the] 살
4 넷 [net] –> 네 [ne] 살
…
20 스물 [seu-mul] –> 스무 [seu-mu] 살
21 스물 [seu-mul] –> 스물한 [seu-mul-han] 살
…

negative sentences in Korean Track 41
1. Adding 안 [an] before a verb
2. Using the negative verb ending, 지 않다 [ji an-ta]
Present tense: 지 않아요 [ji a-na-yo]
Past tense: 지 않았어요 [ji a-na-sseo-yo]

누구 [nu-gu] = who Track 45
누구 [nu-gu] + 가 [ga] = 누구가 –> 누가 [nu-ga]

How = 어떻게 [eo-tteo-ke] Track 47
Why = 왜 [wae]
How much (money) = 얼마 [eol-ma]
How + adjective/adverb = 얼마나 [eol-ma-na]

1. 어떻게 [eo-tteo-ke] = how
   어떻게 찾았어요? [eo-tteo-ke cha-ja-sseo-yo?] = How did you find it? (찾다 = to find, to look for)

어떻게 왔어요? [eo-tteo-ke *a-sseo-yo?] = How did you get here?

2. 왜 [wae] = why
   왜 전화했어요? [wae jeon-*a-hae-sseo-yo?] = Why did you call? (전화하다 = to call) “điện thoại”
3. 얼마 [eol-ma] = how much
   얼마예요? [eol-ma-ye-yo?] = How much is it?
4. 얼마나 + adjective/adverb = how + [often/fast/early/soon/etc…]
   얼마나 자주 와요? [eol-ma-na ja-ju *a-yo?] = How often do you come?
   (자주 = often / 오다 = to come)

에서 [e-*tho] and 부터 [bu-teo] mean “from” Track 49
까지 [kka-ji] means “to” or “until”

1. From Seoul
   = 서울에서
   = 서울부터
2. From now
   = 지금부터
3. From (or Since) yesterday
   = 어제부터
4. (From somewhere else) to Seoul
   = 서울까지 [seo-ul-kka-ji]
5. Until now
   = 지금까지 [ji-geum-kka-ji]
6. Until tomorrow
   = 내일까지 [nae-il-kka-ji]

Answer 1

https://talktomeinkorean.com/audio/
안녕하세요. = Hello. / Hi. / How are you? / Good afternoon. / Good evening. / etc…
Thank you. 감사 (“appreciation” or “thankfulness”) plus 합니다 (“I do”)
“apology”, “being sorry” or “feeling ashamed”

네, 맞아요. [ne, ma-ja-yo] = Yes, that’s right.

You (don’t) like coffee?

when you want to get someone’s attention and talk to them or let them know something
when you want to call the waiter in a restaurant or a cafe to order something
(literal meaning: “Just a second.”)

아니에요 [a-ni-e-yo] is the present tense form in the formal language of the verb 아니다 (to be
not).

1) 오늘 날씨 좋네요. [o-neul nal-ssi jot-ne-yo] ‘좋다 exclamative form: 좋네’
The weather’s good today.
2) 오늘은 날씨 좋네요. [o-neul-EUN nal-ssi jot-ne-yo]
(The weather hasn’t been so good lately, but TODAY, it’s good.)
3) 오늘 날씨는 좋네요. [o-neul nal-ssi-NEUN jot-ne-yo]
(Today, not necessarily everything else too, but at least the weather is good.)

뭐가 좋아요? [mwo-GA jo-a-yo?]
ABC 좋아요? XYZ가 좋아요! [ABC jo-a-yo? XYZ-GA jo-a-yo]

재미 [jae-mi] = fun
재미 + 있어요 = 재미있어요 literally means “fun exists” but it means “to be interesting” ‘재미있다’

주세요 [ju-se-yo] comes from the verb 주다 [ju-da] ‘Imperative form: 주세요’ which means “to give”

맛있어요 [ma-si-sseo-yo] which means “It’s delicious.”
맛없어요 [ma-deop-seo-yo], which means “It doesn’t taste good.”

더 먹고 싶어요. [*tho meok-go si-peo-yo] = I want to eat more.

읽다 [ilg-da] = to read
자다 [ja-da] = to sleep
놀다 [nol-da] = to hang out, to play, {nô đùa}
쉬다 [swi-da] = to rest, {xi2}
일하다 [il-ha-da] = to work, làm việc, ha-da: làm
때리다 [ttae-ri-da] = to hit
웃다 [ut-da] = to laugh
오다 [o-da] = to come
적다 [jeok-da] = to write down
잡다 [jap-da] (Verb stem = 잡 [jap]) = to catch, {chụp}
팔다 [pal-da] (Verb stem = 팔 [pal]) = to sell, {bán}

1,234 = 1,000 (천) + 2 (이) + 100 (백) + 3 (삼) + 10 (십) + 4 (사)
512 = 5 (오) + 100 (백) + 10 (십) + 2 (이)
Note that for 1,000, 100, and 10, you don’t have to say one (일) + thousand (천), 일백, or 일십.

보다 [bo-da] = to see, to watch, to look
보 + 아요 —> Over time, it started being pronounced and written as 봐요 [bwa-yo].
보이다 [bo-i-da] = to be seen, to be visible
보이 + 어요 —> 보여요 [bo-yeo-yo]
하다 [ha-da] = to do
하 + 여요 —> 하여요 [ha-yeo-yo]
Over time, 하여요 became 해요 [hae-yo].
오다 [o-da] = to come
Past tense
= 오 + 았어요 [o + a-sseo-yo]
= 왔어요 [wa-sseo-yo]
잡다 [jap-da] (Verb stem = 잡 [jap]) = to catch
Present Tense: 잡아요 [ja-ba-yo]
Past Tense: 잡았어요 [ja-ba-sseo-yo]
I went to school. = 학교에 갔어요. [hak-gyo-e ga-sseo-yo]
Where are you now? = 지금 어디에 있어요? [ji-geum eo-di-e i-sseo-yo?]
어디에 있어요 지금? [eo-di-e i-sseo-yo ji-geum?]

The difference between 에 and 에서.
에 and 에서 can both be translated to “at” in English. How are they different then?
에 expresses a location where something “is” or “exists” or a direction that you are going toward.
Ex) 집에 있어요. = I am at home.
집에 가요. = I’m going home.
에서 expresses a location where some action is taking place.
Ex) 집에서 일해요. = I work at home. [i-r*ae-yo]
집에서 뭐 해요? = What are you doing at home?

1. When you tell the time, you have to use native Korean numbers to say the hour and sino-Korean numbers to say the minute.
2. When you say your age in everyday conversations, you use native Korean numbers, but in
   some very formal settings like in the court of law or in a formal report, sino-Korean numbers
   are used to express your age.
3. When you are counting years, you can use either sino-Korean numbers or native Korean
   numbers, but the words that you use for counting the years change depending on whether you
   use sino-Korean numbers and native Korean numbers.
   From 11 to 19 is simple. You just put the number 10 and add another number after it.
   Ex)
   열 (10) + 하나 (1) = 열하나 [yeol-ha-na] (11)
   열 (10) + 아홉 (9) = 열아홉 [yeol-a-hop] (19)
   From numbers 1 through 99, the usage of native Korean numbers is generally very distinctively
   different from the usage of sino-Korean numbers, but for bigger units like 100, 1,000, 10,000

and etc., the words for these bigger numbers in the native Korean numbers are no longer used
and only sino-Korean numbers are used.
101 = 백 [baek / 100] (sino-Korean) + 하나 [ha-na / 1] (native Korean)
205 = 이 [i / 2] (sino-Korean) + 백 [baek / 100] (sino-Korean) + 다섯 [tha-theot / 5] (native Korean)

한 살이에요. I am one year old.
열 살이에요. I am ten years old.
스무 살이에요. I am twenty years old.
서른 살이에요. I am thirty years old.

집에 가요. [jib-e ga-yo] I’m going home. / I go home.
집에 안 가요. [jib-e an ga-yo] I’m NOT going home. / I DON’T go home.
집에 안 가요? [jib-e an ga-yo?] You’re NOT going home? / You DON’T go home?
버리다 [beo-ri-da] = to throw away
그거 아직 안 버렸어요. [geu-geo a-jik an beo-ryeo-sseo-yo] I DIDN’T throw it away yet
가지 않다 [ga-ji an-ta] = to not go
가지 않아요 [ga-ji a-na-yo] = I DON’T go. / I’m NOT going.
가지 않았어요 [ga-ji a-na-sseo-yo] = I DIDN’T go.

누구예요? [nu-gu-ye-yo?] Who is it?
누가 제인이에요? [nu-ga je-in-i-e-yo?] ai mới là Jane?
누가 했어요? [nu-ga hae-sseo-yo?] Who did it?
1. 누가 전화했어요? [nu-ga jeon-hwa-hae-sseo-yo?] Who called?
2. 이거 누구예요? [i-geo nu-gu-ye-yo?] Who is this? (This is who?)
3. 어제 누가 왔어요? [eo-je nu-ga wa-sseo-yo?] Who came yesterday?
4. 그거 누가 만들었어요? [geu-geo nu-ga man-deu-reo-sseo-yo?] Who made that?
5. 누가 샀어요? [nu-ga sa-sseo-yo?] Who bought it?

왜 안 왔어요? [wae an *a-sseo-yo?] = Why didn’t you come? (오다 = to come)

얼마 냈어요? [eol-ma nae-sseo-yo?] = How much did you pay? (내다 = to pay)

얼마나 커요? [eol-ma-na keo-yo?] = How big is it? (크다 = to be big) “khối”
얼마나 무거워요? [eol-ma-na mu-geo-*o-yo?] = How heavy is it? (무겁다 = to be heavy)

에서 [e-seo] and 부터 [bu-teo] both
mean “from” and they are usually interchangeable, but in cases where they are NOT interchangeable, 에서 is associated more often with locations and 부터 is associated more often with
time.

1. From here to there
   = 여기에서 저기까지
   = 여기부터 저기까지
2. From head to toe
   = 머리부터 발끝까지
   = 머리에서 발끝까지
3. From Seoul to Busan
   = 서울에서 부산까지
   = 서울부터 부산까지
4. From morning until evening
   = 아침부터 저녁까지

Question 2

B: 이거 마이크예요. [i-geo ma-i-keu-ye-yo.] = This is a microphone.
It is not a tiger. = 그거 호랑이 아니에요. [geu-geo ho-rang-i a-ni-e-yo.]
돈 있어요? [don i-sseo-yo?] = Do you have money?
돈 주세요. [don ju-se-yo.] = Please give me some money.
맥주 주세요. [maek-jju ju-se-yo.] = Please give me a beer.
장갑 주세요. [jang-gap ju-se-yo.] = Please give me (a pair of) gloves.
삼겹살 맛있어요. [sam-gyeop-ssal ma-si-sseo-yo.] = Samgyupsal is delicious. *삼겹살 = pork belly
치킨 맛있어요. [chi-kin ma-si-sseo-yo.] = Chicken is delicious.
굴 맛없어요. [gul ma-deop-sseo-yo] = Oysters taste awful.
B: 회 먹고 싶어요. [hoe meok-kko si-peo-yo.] = I want to eat raw fish.
영화 보고 싶어요. [yeong-hwa bo-go si-peo-yo.] = I want to watch a movie.
김밥 먹고 싶어요. [gim-ppap meok-kko si-peo-yo.] = I want to eat kiimbap.

Answer 2

L1L6T13

L1L8T15

L1L11T21

L1L12T23

L1L13T25

L1L14T27

Question 3

Essential Review - Vocabulary

Noun
water 물
milk 우유
coffee 커피
tea 차
steamed rice, meal 밥
human, person 사람
friend 친구 {親舊 qin1jiu4 thân cựu}
student 학생 {學生}
bag 가방
book 책
mobile phone 핸드폰 {hand phone}
computer 컴퓨터
car 차
house, home 집
office 사무실 {事務室 shi4wu4shi4}
school 학교 {學校}
news 뉴스
movie 영화 {映畵 ying4hua4}

Verb
to do 하다
to go 가다
to come 오다
to see, to watch, to look at 보다
to eat 먹다
to buy 사다
to sleep 자다
to read 읽다
to work 일하다
to study 공부하다
to clean 청소하다
to cook 요리하다
to exercise 운동하다
to love 사랑하다

Descriptive Verb
to be nice, to be stylish 멋있다
to be fun, to be interesting 재미있다
to be strange 이상하다
to be big 크다
to be heavy 무겁다
to be hungry 배고프다
to be spicy 맵다
to be hurting 아프다

Adverb
how 어떻게
why 왜
when 언제
today 오늘
yesterday 어제
tomorrow 내일
now 지금
earlier (today), a while ago (today) 아까
later, next time 나중에

Number
one 일, 하나
two 이, 둘
three 삼, 셋
four 사, 넷
five 오, 다섯
six 육, 여섯
seven 칠, 일곱
eight 팔, 여덟
nine 구, 아홉
ten 십, 열
hundred 백
thousand 천
zero 영, 공 {không}
twenty 이십, 스물
thirty 삼십, 서른
forty 사십, 마흔
fifty 오십, 쉰
sixty 육십, 예순
seventy 칠십, 일흔
eighty 팔십, 여든
ninety 구십, 아흔

Answer 3

Essential Review - Grammar

Hello / Hi. → 안녕하세요. (Lesson 1)
Bye. → 안녕히 가세요. / 안녕히 계세요. (Lesson 3)
Thank you. → 감사합니다.
I’m sorry. → 죄송합니다. (Lesson 4)

It’s water. → 물이에요. (Lesson 5)
It’s coffee. → 커피예요.
What is this? → 이거 뭐예요? (Lesson 6)
This is coffee. → 이거 커피예요.
Is this coffee? → 이거 커피예요?
Yes. → 네. (Lesson 2)
No, this is not coffee. → 아니요. 이거 커피 아니에요. (Lesson 8)

What do you want to do? → 뭐 하고 싶어요? (Lesson 14)
I want to watch a movie. → 영화 보고 싶어요. (Lesson 13)
What do you want to watch? → 뭐 보고 싶어요?
I want to watch this movie. → 이 영화 보고 싶어요. (Lesson 7)
I want to watch that one. → 저거 보고 싶어요.

scissors = 가위
Do you have scissors? / Are there scissors? → 가위 있어요? (Lesson 10)
I don’t have scissors. / There are no scissors. → 가위 없어요.
knife = 칼
(I don’t have scissors but)I have a knife. / (There are no scissors but)There is a knife. → 칼은 있어요. (Lesson 9)
Give me a knife. → 칼 주세요. (Lesson 11)

to be delicious = 맛있다
It is delicious. → 맛있어요. (Lesson 12)
It was delicious. → 맛있었어요. (Lesson 17)
to wait = 기다리다
I wait. → 기다려요. (Lesson 16)
I don’t wait. → 안 기다려요. 기다리지 않아요. (Lesson 21)
Whom are you waiting for? → 누구 기다려요? (Lesson 23)
I waited. → 기다렸어요.
Why did you wait? → 왜 기다렸어요? (Lesson 24)
I didn’t wait. → 안 기다렸어요. 기다리지 않았어요.

exercise = 운동
to exercise → 운동하다 (Lesson 22)
When do you exercise? → 언제 운동해요?
Where do you exercise? → 어디에서 운동해요? (Lesson 18)
park = 공원
I exercise in the park. → 공원에서 운동해요.

159 → 백오십구 (Lesson 15)
1225 → 천이백이십오
floor = 층 ‘tầng’
Third floor → 3층
From the first floor to the fifth floor → 1층에서/부터 5층까지 (Lesson 25)