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Anatomy 1330/1060 > Trunk and Thorax > Flashcards

Trunk and Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Trunk regions

A

deep back, thoracic cage and abdominal wall

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2
Q

movement of the spinal column

A

occurs at zygapophyseal and intervertebral joints

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3
Q

nuchal ligament

A

stabilizes the head to maintain proper neck posture

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4
Q

where do spinal nerves go

A

spinal nerves exist vertebral canal via intervertebral foramen and splits into anterior and posterior rami

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5
Q

path of spinal nerves

A

anterior and posterior rootlets combine to form ant. and post. roots. Then the roots combine to form spinal nerve. Spinal nerve then split into ant. and post. rami

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6
Q

joints at ribs

A

ribs elevate or depress at costotransverse and costo-vertebral joints

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7
Q

inspiration

A

depression of diaphragm and elevation of ribs
increase volume of thoracic cavity

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8
Q

depression of ribs

A

depression of ribs and elevation of diaphragm
decrease volume of thoracic cavity

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9
Q

trunk movements

A

flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion

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10
Q

superficial intrinsic muscles

A

serratus and splenius

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11
Q

muscles that make up the serratus muscle group

A

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

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12
Q

serratus posterior superior actions and innervation

A

elevation of ribs
anterior rami

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13
Q

serratus posterior inferior actions and innervation

A

depression of ribs
anterior rami

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14
Q

muscles that make up the splenius muscle group

A

splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

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15
Q

splenius capitis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head and neck
posterior rami

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16
Q

splenius cervicis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head and neck
posterior rami

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17
Q

intermediate intrinsic

A

erector spinae

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18
Q

deep intrinsic

A

transversospinalis and segmentals

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19
Q

muscles that make up the erector spinae muscle group

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, splinalis

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20
Q

muscles that make up the transversospinalis muscle group

A

semispinalis, multifidis, rotatores

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21
Q

muscles that make up the segmentals muscle group

A

interspinales, levatores costerum, intertransversarii

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22
Q

iliocostalis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion of spine
posterior rami

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23
Q

longissimus action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion of spine
posterior rami

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24
Q

splinalis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion of spine
posterior rami

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25
Q

semispinalis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation, stabilization, proprioception of spine
posterior rami

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26
Q

multifidis action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation, stabilization, proprioception of spine
posterior rami

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27
Q

rotatores action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation, stabilization, proprioception of spine
posterior rami

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28
Q

interspinales action and innervation

A

extension, stabilization of spine
posterior rami

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29
Q

levatores costerum action and innervation

A

elevation of ribs
posterior rami

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30
Q

intertransversarii action and innervation

A

lateral flexion, stabilization of spine
anterior rami

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31
Q

deep anterior neck

A

prevertebral, scalene

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32
Q

deep posterior neck

A

suboccipital

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33
Q

muscles that make up the prevertebral muscle group

A

longus coli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis

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34
Q

muscles that make up the scalene muscle group

A

anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene

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35
Q

muscles that make up the suboccipital muscle group

A

rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior

36
Q

longus coli action and innervation

A

flexion, latera flexion of head and neck
anterior rami

37
Q

longus capitis action and innervation

A

flexion, latera flexion of head and neck
anterior rami

38
Q

rectus capitis anterior action and innervation

A

flexion, latera flexion of head and neck
anterior rami

39
Q

rectus capitis lateralis action and innervation

A

flexion, latera flexion of head and neck
anterior rami

40
Q

anterior scalene action and innervation

A

flexion, lateral flexion of neck, elevation of ribs
anterior rami

41
Q

middle scalene action and innervation

A

flexion, lateral flexion of neck, elevation of ribs
anterior rami

42
Q

posterior scalene action and innervation

A

flexion, lateral flexion of neck, elevation of ribs
anterior rami

43
Q

rectus capitis posterior major action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head
c1 posterior ramus

44
Q

rectus capitis posterior minor action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head
c1 posterior ramus

45
Q

obliquus capitis superior action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head
c1 posterior ramus

46
Q

obliquus capitis inferior action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion, rotation of head
c1 posterior ramus

47
Q

myodural bridge

A

connective tissues that connects muscles and dura mater

48
Q

chronically poor neck posture

A

can shorten muscles causing headaches and pain

49
Q

thoracic outlet syndrome

A

pain from compression of brachial plexus and subclavian artery

50
Q

pleura

A

anchors lungs to body wall

51
Q

quiet respiration

A

breathing at rest
diaphragm is primary muscle of respiration

52
Q

diaphragm contracts during quiet respiration

A

flattens, depresses abdominal contents, increase space, air rushes in lungs

53
Q

diaphragm relaxes during quiet respiration

A

lungs recoil, air rushes out

54
Q

exertion

A

needs more lung V so more air rushes in lungs
ribs and sternum are elevated to help

55
Q

diaphragm

A

domed muscles that inserts on itself
right dome is higher because of liver

56
Q

caval hiatus

A

inferior vena cava (T8)

57
Q

esophageal hiatus

A

esophagus T10

58
Q

aortic hiatus

A

aorta T12

59
Q

phrenic nerve

A

innervates diaphragm
starts c3-5
carries somatic and sensory info which confuses brain >referred pain

60
Q

paradoxical breathing

A

injured phrenic nerve
-elevation of diaphragm on affected side

61
Q

thoracic cage muscle groups

A

intercostals and internal thoracic muscles

62
Q

intercostals muscles

A

external intercostals, internal intercostals, innermost intercostals,

63
Q

internal thoracic muscles

A

transversus thoracis, subcostals

64
Q

external intercostals action and innervation

A

elevation of ribs
intercostal nerve

65
Q

internal intercostals action and innervation

A

depression of ribs
intercostal nerve

66
Q

innermost intercostals action and innervation

A

depression of ribs
intercostal nerve

67
Q

transversus thoracis action and innervation

A

depression of ribs
intercostal nerve

68
Q

subcostals action and innervation

A

depression of ribs
intercostal nerve

69
Q

diaphragm action and innervation

A

inspiration
phrenic nerve

70
Q

abdominal wall muscle groups

A

anterolateral abdominal wall
posterior abdominal wall

71
Q

anterolateral abdominal wall muscles

A

rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transversus oblique

72
Q

posterior abdominal wall muscles

A

quadratus lumborum, psoas minor, psoas major, iliacus

73
Q

rectus abdominis action and innervation

A

flexion of spine
anterior rami

74
Q

external oblique action and innervation

A

flexion, rotation and lateral flexion of spine
anterior rami
aponeurosis become inguinal ligament

75
Q

internal oblique action and innervation

A

flexion, rotation and lateral flexion of spine
anterior rami
above arcuate line

76
Q

transversus oblique action and innervation

A

increase abdominal pressure
anterior rami

77
Q

quadratus lumborum action and innervation

A

extension, lateral flexion of spine
anterior rami

78
Q

psoas minor action and innervation

A

flexion of spin (minimal)
anterior rami

79
Q

psoas major action and innervation

A

hip flexion
femoral nerve

80
Q

iliacus action and innervation

A

hip flexion
femoral nerve

81
Q

intercostal neurovascular bundle

A

intercostal v, a, and nerve found between internal and innermost intercostal muscle

82
Q

intercostal nerves

A

extension of thoracic anterior rami
numbered based on vertebra they emerge below

83
Q

herpes zoster virus

A

shingles, chicken pox virus
dormant within spinal nerve
doesn’t cross midline

84
Q

above vs below arcuate line

A

abdominal oblique aponeuroses splits in anterior and posterior rectus sheaths
below- all layers become anterior rectus sheath, no posterior rectus sheaths

85
Q

diastasis recti

A

separation of rectus abdominis muscle at linea alba
-caused by abdominal straining
ex. pregnancy or increase levels of visceral fat

Anatomy 1330/1060 (6 decks)

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