Trrauma Radiography Flashcards
PROJECTION ORDED FOR INITIAL TRAUMA
- Cross table c spine lateral
- AP chest
- AP AXR
- AP PXR
- L spine
- Lower limb
- Upper limb
= CT
- Head and Brain
- C spine
- Thorax
- Pelvis
C SPINE DORSAL DECUBITUS CROSS TABLE LATERAL
PROJECTION
- Always done first before any other projection
- Patient must relaxe and pull down arms
- patient looking up with no rotation
- CR horizontal and centred midpoint to the IR
- FFD 180
-
C SPINE DORSAL DECUBITUS CROSS TABLE LATERAL
PROJECTION
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
- Entire c spine from base of skull to T1
- Swimmers technique is done if C7-T1 is. It seen
LATERAL SWIMMERS PROJECTION
- Ask patient to rase arm closest to IR while depressing the other
- No forced or fast movements
- angle CR 5 deg caudad if pt unable to depress shoulder
- Grid must be used
- CR horizontal entering just above the clavicle 5cm above the manubrium notch
+
LATERAL SWIMMERS PROJECTION
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
- Lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebral bodies
AP AXIAL OBLIQUE PROJECTION C SPINE
- Patient supine
- No grid
- CR centred to C4 adjacent to mastoid tip and 7,6 cm lateral to the MSP
- CR 45deg LATEROMEDIAL and 15-20 deg cephalad
AP AXIAL OBLIQUE PROJECTION C SPINE
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
Open intervertebral foramina on the side the CR enters
CROSS THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE DORSAL DECUBITUS
PROJECTION
- Always done before the AP
- Use grid a placed vertically and placed below the level of the spine
- Have patient cross the arms and collimate
- CR horizontal and centred to the IR
- for T spine place IR 3,8-5 cm above relaxed shoulders
- for LSPINE at iliac crest
CROSS THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE DORSAL DECUBITUS
PROJECTION
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
- For t spine - T3-L1
- For L spine - T12 - sacrum
AP PROJECTION CHEST
PROJECTION
- Done supine
- Cross table decubitus done for air fluid levels
- Ensure patient is not rotated
- 180 cm SID if possible
- Respiration second full
- CR perpendicular to the IR 7,6 cm below the jugular notch
AP PROJECTION CHEST
PROJECTION
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
- Diaphragms are higher therefore lung fields appear shorter
- Clavicles projected higher
- More horizontal appearance of ribs
- Heart and great vessels magnified
AP PELVIS PROJECTION
- patient supine and slowly lift patient to place a grid IR under pelvis
- place IR 5 cm above the iliac crest
- CR centred to the IR
- NB no internal rotation of legs must be attempted
AP PELVIS PROJECTION STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
- Pelvis with no rotation
- Foreshortening of femoral necks, lesser trochanters will be seen
MODIFIED AXIOLATERAL
CLEMENTS- NAKAYAMA MODIFICATION PROJECTION
- Used in pt with bilateral hip fracture or arthroplasty
- IR GRID parallel with femoral neck and centred
- IR tilted 15 deg back away from grid
- No internal rotation
- CR 15 deg posterior and perpendicular to the femoral neck
MODIFIED AXIOLATERAL
CLEMENTS- NAKAYAMA MODIFICATION PROJECTION
STRUCTURES DEMONSTRATED
The - acetabulum, head, neck, and trochanters of the femur in lateral profile
