Triple Science Homework 30.11.24 Flashcards
Space Recap
Define galaxy
A large collection of dust, gas and stars held together by gravity
Describe the observation of supernovae in 1998 that altered our view of the Universe further
The recession of distant objects is accelerating
Define artificial satellite
An object put into orbit around an astronomical object by humans
Give the name for a cloud of dust and gas in a space where stars can form
A nebula
Describe the Big Bang theory
The idea that the Universe used to be in a small, dense, hot region and has expanded ever since.
Explain why an object in orbit is accelerating
Its direction is changing, therefore its velocity is changing, so it is accelerating.
Define red shift
The shift of waves to longer wavelengths (and smaller frequencies) as the source of the waves and the observer move apart.
State how elements up to iron in the Periodic Table are formed
Nuclear fusion in stars
Give the name of our galaxy
The Milky Way
State how the elements beyond iron in the Periodic Table are formed
By supernovae
Name the eight planets in our Solar System in order, starting closest to the Sun.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
State what causes an object to orbit another object
The gravitational attraction between them
Describe the relationship between the distance to a galaxy and the speed that it is moving away from Earth.
The greater the distance to a galaxy, the faster it is moving away from Earth.
Name the process that can begin when the temperature within a protostar gets high enough.
Nuclear fusion (of hydrogen to helium)
State what large main sequence stars will eventually become
Red supergiants, then a supernova leading to either a neutron star or a black hole.
Describe the relationship between the speed that a galaxy is moving away from Earth and the amount of redshift.
The faster a galaxy is moving away, the more redshift there is.
Name the three things required to experience the Doppler effect
Source of waves, an observer, and motion between the source and the observer.
Name the main objects in our Solar System.
Our star (the Sun), eight planets, dwarf planets, asteroids and comets
For a stable orbit, describe the relationship between the orbital speed and the orbital radius.
As the orbital radius increases, the orbital speed must decrease to remain in a stable orbit.
Name a natural satellite of Earth
The moon
