Physics Homework [Energy and Atomic Structure]

Question 1

State the relative charge of a proton.

Answer 1

+1

Question 2

State the part of the internal energy that changes if the temperature of an object changes.

Answer 2

The total kinetic energy of the particles.

Question 3

State the part of the internal energy that changes if the state of a system changes.

Answer 3

The total potential energy of the particles.

Question 4

State the relative charge of an electron.

Answer 4

-1

Question 5

Define isotopes.

Answer 5

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 6

Describe the relationship between internal energy, total kinetic energy of the particles and total potential energy of the particles.

Answer 6

internal energy = total kinetic energy of the particles + total potential energy of the particles.

Question 7

State the function of the radius of an atom taken up by the radius of the nucleus.

Answer 7

Approximately 1/10000th the size.

Question 8

Explain why atoms have an overall neutral charge.

Answer 8

The number of protons is equivalent to the number of electrons.

Question 9

State where the majority of the mass of an atom is concentrated.

Answer 9

The nucleus.

Question 10

State the relative mass of a proton.

Answer 10

1

Question 11

State the relative mass of a neutron.

Answer 11

1

Question 12

State the two things that can occur when a substance is heated.

Answer 12

The temperature can change or the state can change.

Question 13

State the three variables that need to be measured to establish the specific heat capacity of a substance.

Answer 13

-Energy supplied to the substance
-Mass of the substance
-Temperature increase of the substance.

Question 14

State the relative charge of a neutron.

Answer 14

0

Question 15

Explain why mass is conserved during a change of state.

Answer 15

Particles are not lost or gained.

Question 16

Name the piece of equipment used to measure mass.

Answer 16

A mass balance.

Question 17

Name the piece of equipment used to measure temperature.

Answer 17

A thermometer.

Question 18

Explain why a Bunsen burner is not used to heat a material when measuring specific heat capacity.

Answer 18

The amount of energy it supplies cannot be established easily.

Question 19

State the approximate radius of a typical atom.

Answer 19

Approximately 0.1nm

Question 20

Explain the difference between boiling and evaporation.

Answer 20

Boiling happens at the boiling point when all of the substance changes state.

Evaporation happens below the boiling point.