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Health Science Chemestry > Trimester 2 Unit 3 > Flashcards

Trimester 2 Unit 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

pH

A

values on the scale range from 0-14
used to tell if something is an acid or a base, measures the concentration of [H+]

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2
Q

Acid

A

pH of less than 7, reacts with metals, tends to taste sour, when added to water it releases H+ ions(H30+)

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3
Q

Acid Equation Example

A

HCl-> H + Cl

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4
Q

Common acids

A

batteries, lemons,tomatoes,stomach acid, grapes, vinegar

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5
Q

Bases

A

pH greater than 7, reacts with organic material, tend to taste bitter, slippery, releases OH- ions when added to water

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6
Q

Base Equation Example

A

NaOH-> Na + OH

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7
Q

Common Bases

A

Baking soda, Soap, Bleach, Drain Cleaner, Ammonia

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8
Q

Neutral

A

pH of 7, neither acidic or basic, pure water, H2O=HOH

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9
Q

Neutralization

A

we can neutralize an acid with a base and a base with an acid

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10
Q

pH Indicator

A

a substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base, EX: cabbage juice, litmus papper

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11
Q

What are most of the substances considered Bases

A

cleaning supplies

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12
Q

What are the effects of C02 on the human body

A

our cells would be unable to function

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13
Q

What is the healthy pH range for human blood

A

7.4

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14
Q

What are the effects of C02 on the ocean

A

it becomes acidic

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15
Q

What organisms are most affected by ocean acidification

A

ones with shells

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16
Q

What does it mean that water is a polar molecule?

A

It means the oxygen is pulling the electrons to it so it will have a partial negative charge while hydrogen has a positive charge

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17
Q

What is a Hydronium Ion

A

(H3O+)

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18
Q

What is a Hydroxide Ion

A

(OH-)

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19
Q

What is a neutral pH?

A

7

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20
Q

What is the pH of an acid?

A

pH of 1-6

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21
Q

What’s the pH of a Base?

A

pH of 8-14

22
Q

What happens to the pH when we increase the number of hydrogen ions?

A

It will lower it

23
Q

On the pH scale, how do you find the strongest acids and bases?

A

Higher the number the stronger the base
Lower the number the stronger the acid

24
Q

What solution has more OH- ions than H+ ions?

A

A basic Solution

25
Q

What color is Phenolphthalein in an acid

A

white/clear

26
Q

What color is Phenolphthalein in a base

A

dark pink/dark red

27
Q

What color is Phenolphthalein in a neutral substance

A

clear

28
Q

What color is Bromothymol Blue in an acid

A

orange/yellow

29
Q

What color is Bromothymol Blue in a base

A

blue

30
Q

What color is Bromothymol Blue in a neutral substance

A

blue

31
Q

what color is Red Litmus paper in an acid

A

pink

32
Q

What color is Red Litmus paper in a base

A

blue

33
Q

What color is Red Litmus paper in a neutral substance

A

red

34
Q

What color is Blue Litmus Paper in an acid

A

red

35
Q

What color is Blue Litmus Paper in a base

A

blue

36
Q

WHat color is Blue Litmus Paper in a neutral substance

A

blue

37
Q

Formula for pH

A

PH=-log[H+]

38
Q

pOH

A

Power of hydroxide, measures the concentration of [OH-]

39
Q

What’s the easy why of finding the pH and pOH

A

They add up to 14

40
Q

How to find [H+] from pH

A

[H+]= 10-pH

41
Q

How to name acids without oxygen

A

1) Drop the -ide
2) Put the name in between hydro__ic acid

42
Q

How to name acids with oxygen that end in -ate

A

Polyatomic
1) drop the -ate
2) put in front of -ic acid

43
Q

How to name acids that have oxygen and end in -ite

A

1) Drop the -ite
2) Put in front of -ous acid

44
Q

What is HCl name

A

Hydrochloric Acid

45
Q

What is the name of NO3

A

Nitric Acid

46
Q

Naming Exceptions

A

H3PO4= Phosphoric Acid
H3PO3= Phosphorus Acid
H2SO4= Sulfuric Acid
H2SO3= Sulfurous Acid

47
Q

What are Binary Acids

A

Acids with two ions
EX: HCl, HBr

48
Q

What is a ternary acids

A

Polyatomic ions with three ions
EX: H2SO3, HNO2

49
Q

If the pH decreases by 1 unit what happens to the [H+]

A

Increases by 10x

50
Q

If the pH increases by 2 units what happens to the [H+]

A

100x less

Health Science Chemestry (11 decks)

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