Trigeminal nerve (60-71)

Question 1

Which nerves are responsible for the corneal reflex?;

Answer 1

Nasocillary nerve (branch of opthalmic nerve (CN V1)

Question 2

How does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve exit the skull?;

Answer 2

Foramen rotundum (max is round)

Question 3

Name the branches of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve;

Answer 3

Superior alveolar nerves (upper teeth), middle meningeal nerve, infraorbital nerve, zygomatic nerve, superior labial nerve, pharyngeal nerve, greater and lesser palatine nerve, nasopalatine (all sensory) - supplies lower eyelid to suprior palate including upper lip & teeth, cheeks and lateral nose

Question 4

How does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve exit the skull?;

Answer 4

Foramen Ovale

Question 5

Which structures exit through the Foramen Ovale?;

Answer 5

Otic ganglion, V3 (Manidibular nerve), Accessory meningeal artery, Lesser petrosal nerve (branch of CNIX), Emissay vein. O V A L E

Question 6

What are the motor branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?;

Answer 6

8 in total (4 to muscles of mastication plus 4 more). Nerves to Temporalis, to Masseter, to Medial pterygoid and to lateral Pterygoid. Other nerves- nerve to mylohyoid, to anterior belly of dygastric, to tensor tympani, to tensor veli palatini.

Question 7

What are the sensory branches of the mandibular divison of the trigeminal nerve?;

Answer 7

B A I L. Buccal, Auriculotemporal, Inferior alveolar, Lingual

Question 8

What are the parts of the mandible and the important foramina?;

Answer 8

Body and rami (including corocoid process and head & neck of rami)
.
Mandibular foramen (inferior alveolar nerve and artery go through), Mental foramen (once the inferior alveloar travels through the mental forman it become know as the mental nerve).

Question 9

Name the muscles of mastication;

Answer 9

Massester, Temporalis, Lateral pterygoid, Medial pterygoid

Question 10

What is the nerve supply to the muscles of mastication?;

Answer 10

Mandibular nerve (V3) branches

Question 11

What are the main actions of the medial pterygoid (MP) and lateral pterygoid (LP) muscles?;

Answer 11

LP = bilaterally does protusion and retraction of jaw. Unilaterally does side to side movement of jaw. MP = elevation & depression of jaw alongside temporalis and masseter.

Question 12

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach and what is its significance?;

Answer 12

Styloid process to angle of mandible. To prevent excess opening of jaw.