Triangles of the Neck

Question 1

What surrounds trapzius and sternocleidmastoid?

Answer 1

Investing fascia

Question 2

Pretracheal fascia

Answer 2

Surrounds viscera

Question 3

Buccopharyngeal fascia

Answer 3

Division of pretracheal fascia that covers posterior pharyngeal muscles

Question 4

Carotid sheath contains

Answer 4

Carotid arteries
Internal jugular
Vagus nerve

Question 5

Prevertebral fascia

Answer 5

Surrounds epaxial muscles, preverterbal, paraspinal, scalenes and vertebra
Includes longus capitis and longus colli

Question 6

Danger space

Answer 6

Retropharyngeal space between buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia
Communicates with superior medaistinum

Question 7

What divides posterior and anterior triangle

Answer 7

Sternocleiomastoid

Question 8

Boundaries of posterior triangle

Answer 8

Anterior - posterior sternocleidomastoid 
POsterior - Anterior trapezius 
Base - clavicle
Roof - investing deep cervical fascia 
Floor - prevertebral fascia

Question 9

Posterior triangle divided into ___ by ____

Answer 9

Occipital and supraclavicular triangle

INferior belly of the omohyoid

Question 10

Contents of posterior triangle of nec

Answer 10

CN 11
Cutaenous cervical plex branches
Inferior belly of omohyoid 
Thyrocervical trunk
Subclavain a/v

Question 11

Anterior triangle of neck boundaries

Answer 11

Anterior of sternocleidomastoid
Inferior of mandible
Median plane of neck

Question 12

Submental triangle boundaries

Answer 12

Apex - chin
Base - hyoid bone
Right and left anterior belly of digastrics
Floor - mylohyoid

Question 13

Contents of submental triangle

Answer 13

Submental lymph nodes

Question 14

Digastric triangle boundaries

Answer 14

Superior - mandible
Inferior - posterior of digastric
Medial - anterior of digastric
Floor - mylohyoid

Question 15

Contents of digastric triangle

Answer 15

Stylohyoid
Facial artery and vein
Submandibular gland and lymph nodes

Question 16

Muscular triangle bondaries

Answer 16

Median plane of neck, superior belly of omohyoid, sternocleidomastoid

Question 17

Contents of muscular triangle

Answer 17

Infrahyoid muscles 
Larynx 
Thyroid gland and parathyoid glands 
Trachea 
Esophagus

Question 18

Carotid trinagle boundaries

Answer 18

Superior belly of omohyoid
Posterior belly of digastric
Sternocleidomastoid

Question 19

Contents of carotid triangle

Answer 19

Bifurcation of common carotid 
Carotid sinus 
Carotid body 
Vagus nerve 
Hypoglossal nerve 
Internal jugular vein 
(carotid sheath plus carotid body, sinus, and hypoglossal)

Question 20

Suprahyoid muscles

Answer 20

Posterior/anterior belly of digastric
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid

Question 21

Suprahyoid muscles innervated by CN 7 and functions

Answer 21

Posterior digastric and stylohyoid

Elevate, retract, and fix in place the hyoid

Question 22

Suprahyoid muscles innervated by mandibular and functions

Answer 22

Anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid

Depress mandible, elevate and fix hyoid

Question 23

Suprahyoid muscles innervated by C1

Answer 23

Geniohyoid

Deep to mylohyoid

Question 24

Infrahyoid muscles, innervation, and function

Answer 24

Omohyoid 
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid 
Depress or fix hyoid during swallowing 
All ansa cervicalis except for thyrohyoid (C1)

Question 25

Cervical plexus made of

Answer 25

Ventral primary rami from C1-C5 | Sensory fibers at posterior border of sternocleidomastoid

Question 26

Cervical plexus nerves

Answer 26

Supraclavicular Lesser occipital Transverse cervical Great auricular

Question 27

Ansa cervicalis made of and location

Answer 27

Ventral rami of C1-C3 | Carotid sheath

Question 28

Superior root of ansa formed from ____ and associated with ______

Answer 28

C1 and C2 | Hypoglossal nerves

Question 29

Portion of C1 travels with cranial nerve _____ to innervate ______ and _______

Answer 29

12 | Thyrohyoid and geniohyoid

Question 30

Inferior root of ansa formed from _____ and is located______

Answer 30

C2 and C3 | Carotid sheath

Question 31

Where do superior and inferior roots of ansa cervicalis merge?

Answer 31

Anterior of carotid sheath

Question 32

External carotid artery supplies

Answer 32

Blood to neck and face

Question 33

Internal carotid supplies

Answer 33

Brain and orbit

Question 34

Carotid sinus is ____ and located _____

Answer 34

Baroceptor regulating BP of cerebral arteries | Branc of internal carotid from common

Question 35

Carotid body is _____ and located _____

Answer 35

Chemoreceptor detecting Co2 levels | Bifurcation of carotids

Question 36

Superior thyroid artery, where it comes from, what it supplies, what it gives off and what that supplies

Answer 36

From external cartoid To thyroid gland Gives superior laryngeal that pierces thyrohyoid to supply larynx

Question 37

Lingual artery, where it comes from and what it supplies

Answer 37

From external carotid | Tongue and parts of oral cavity

Question 38

Facial artery, where it comes from, what it branches to, and what it supplies

Answer 38

From external carotid Deep to submandibular gland to supply external face and oral cavity Gives off Inferior labial, superior laial, and angular artery

Question 39

Maxillary artery, where it comes from and what it supplies

Answer 39

External carotid | Supplies infratemporal fossa, nasal cavity, and teet h

Question 40

Superficial temporal artery, where ti comes from and waht it suppliues

Answer 40

From external carotid | Supplies temporal part of scalp and side of head

Question 41

Ascending pharyngeal artery, what it supplies and where it comes from

Answer 41

``` From bifurcation (external) Branhes to larynx and pharynx ```

Question 42

Occipital artery, where it comes from and what it supplies

Answer 42

Posterior regions of scalp | From external carotid

Question 43

Posterior auricular artery, where it comes from and waht it supplies

Answer 43

From external carotid | Supplies region of the ear

Question 44

Vertebral artery, where it comes from and how does it get to brain

Answer 44

Subclavian artery | Through transverse foramina

Question 45

Thyrocervical trunk branches

Answer 45

``` Suply blood to thyroid, neck, and shoulder Inferior thyroid Transverse cervical Ascending cervical Suprascapular ```

Question 46

Acronym for branches of external carotid

Answer 46

Some little fat man stole papas only apple

Question 47

IJV begins at

Answer 47

Jugular foramen by union of sigmoid and petrosal sinus

Question 48

IJV tributaries

Answer 48

Sigmoid, inferior petrosal sinuses Retromandibular, facial, lingual veins Superior and middle thyroid veins

Question 49

External jugular vein empties into ___ and what are tributaries

Answer 49

Subclavian veins lateral internal jugular Suprascapular ein Anterior jugular Retromandibular

Question 50

Retromandibular divisions and how they drain

Answer 50

Maxillary and superficial temporal come together to form Posterior to EJV Anterior to IJV Lies in parotid gland

Question 51

Thyroid blood supply

Answer 51

Superior thyroid artery (from external carotid) | Inferior thyroid artery (from thyrocervical from subclavian)

Question 52

Venous drainage of thyroid

Answer 52

To IJV and BCV

Question 53

What nerves travel posterior to thyroid gland?

Answer 53

Recurrent laryngeal

Question 54

Sympathetic innervation to head and neck from

Answer 54

Superior cervical ganglion

Question 55

Sympathetic innervation to heart and thyroid from

Answer 55

Middle and inferior cervical ganglion

Question 56

Stellate ganglion from

Answer 56

INferior cervical ganglion fused with first thoracic ganglion

Question 57

Deep lymph vessels of head and neck located around

Answer 57

IJV

Question 58

Final common pathway of lymph drainage of head and neck

Answer 58

Jugular trunks

Question 59

Jugular nodes drainto

Answer 59

Thoracic duct OR right lymphatic duct

Question 60

Jugulodigastric nodes

Answer 60

Located where digastric crosses IJ | Gets drainage from palatine tonsil, pharynx, and posteiro tongue