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Anatomy and Radiology Test 3 > Pharyngeal Arches and Face > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches and Face Flashcards

1
Q

Arches above the larynx

A

1,2,3

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2
Q

Arches below the larynx

A

4 and 6

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3
Q

Arch 5

A

Exists transiently during development

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4
Q

Each arch separated by

A 
Pharyngeal groove (external)
Pharyngeal pouch (internal)
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5
Q

How are grooves and pouches named?

A

For arch superior to it

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6
Q

Membrane between each groove nad pouch

A

Pharyngeal membrane

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7
Q

Ectderm lines

A

External surface of each arch and surrounding groove

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8
Q

Endoderm lines

A

Deep side of each arch and pouch

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9
Q

What separates ectoderm from endoderm

A

Mesenchyme

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10
Q

What is mesenchyme derived from

A

Paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm and nerual crest cells

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11
Q

Mesenchyme differentiates into

A

Neural tissue, vessels, and cartilage/bone

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12
Q

Eahc arch contains

A

Aortic arch
Cartilaginous rod
Muscular component
Nerve

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13
Q

Aortic arch

A

Artery from truncus arteriois

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14
Q

Cartilaginous rod forms

A

Skeleton of the arc h

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15
Q

Muscular component of arch forms

A

Muscles of the head and neck

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16
Q

Nerve of each arch

A

Supplies mucosa and muslces derived from arch

Derived from neuroectoderm of primordial brain

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17
Q

Arch 1 nerve

A

Trigeminal

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18
Q

Arch 2 nerve

A

Facial

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19
Q

Arch 3 nerve

A

Glossopharyngeal

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20
Q

Arch 4 nerve

A

Pharyngeal branches of superior laryngeal nerve of vagus

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21
Q

Arch 6 nerve

A

Recurrent laryngeal banrch of vagus

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22
Q

Arch 1 vascular

A

Maxillary artery

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23
Q

Arch 2 vascular

A

Hyoid and stapedial artery

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24
Q

Arch 3 vascular

A

Carotids

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25
Q

Arch 4 vascular

A 
Aortic arch (left) between LCC and LSC
Right subclavian (proximal)
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26
Q

Arch 6 vascular

A

R - R pulmonary artery

L - ductus arteriosis

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27
Q

Arch 1 cartilage/bone

A

Bones of the face

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28
Q

Arch 2 cartilage/bone

A

Styloid process
Lesser horn and superior 1/2 of hyoid
Stapes

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29
Q

Arch 3 cartilage and bone

A

Greater horn of hyoid and inferior 1/2

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30
Q

Arch 4 and 6 cartilage and bone

A

Laryngeal cartilages

31
Q

First pharyngeal membrane becomes

A

Tympanic membrane

32
Q

First pharyngeal groove becomes

A

External auditory meatus

33
Q

Germ layers of tympanic membrane

A

Ectoderm - skin over outer
MEsoderm - actual membrane
Endo - skin covering inner

34
Q

Cervical cysts result of

A

Failure of pharyngeal grooves 2-4 to be resorbed

Fluid filled cyst in cervical levels

35
Q

1st pharyngela pouch becomes

A

Middle ear cavity/mastoid antrum and auditory tube

36
Q

2nd pharyngeal pouch becomes

A

Epithelium of palaitne tonsils

37
Q

Pouch 3 superior becomes

A

Inferior parathyroids

38
Q

Pouch 3 inferior becomes

A

Thymus

39
Q

Puch 4 superior becomes

A

Superior parathyroids

40
Q

Pouch 4 inferior become

A

C cells of thyroid

41
Q

Thyroid develops from

A

INvagination of endoderm (foramen cecum)

42
Q

Thyroglossal duct formed from

A

Trail of descending thyroid

43
Q

Pyramidal lobe of thyroid in adult is

A

Remnant of thyroglossal duct

44
Q

Tongue is formed from

A

Contributions from arches 1-4

45
Q

Arch 1 tongue contribution embryological and audlt

A

Medial and lateral tongue buds

Anterior 2/3

46
Q

Arch 2-4 tongue embryological and aduklt

A 
Hypobranchial eminence (3rd most)
Post 1/3
47
Q

Sulcus terminalis is

A

Junction of Arch 2-4 and arch 1

48
Q

Sulcus terminalis is posteiror to

A

Circumvallate papillae

49
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscles from

A

Mesoderm from occipital somites

50
Q

Treacher collins syndrome…cause and effects

A

1st arch syndrome
Failure of nerual crest cells into 1st arch
Underdeveloped zygomatic bones, mandibular hypoplasia, malformed ears
Hearing loss
No cog defect

51
Q

Face develops from

A

Prominences that surround stomodeum

52
Q

Stomodeum

A

Opening of oropharyngeal region

53
Q

Prominences of face

A

Frontonasal
Maxilary (2)
Mandibular (2)

54
Q

Maxillary and mandibular prominences derived from

A

Arch 1

55
Q

Nasal placodes formed from

A

Frontonasal prominence, 2 thickenings on lateral edges

56
Q

Nasal pit…what is it and what does it form?

A

Depression in center of nasal placode

Forms anterior nasal openings and nasal cavity

57
Q

Laterla nasal process

A

Part of nasal placode lateral to nasal pit

58
Q

Medial nasal process

A

Part of nasal placode medial to nasal pit

59
Q

Nasolacrimal furrow between

A

Maxillary prominence and lateral nasal process

60
Q

Nasolacrimal duct formed from

A

Ectoderm in nasolacrimal furrow

61
Q

Oblique facial cleft formed from

A

Maxiallary and lateral nasal process that don’t fuse

Open nasolacrimal duct

62
Q

Intermaxillary segment formed from and what does it form

A

2 medial nasal processes fusing

Philtrum of the lip

63
Q

Median cleft lip result of

A

2 medial nasal processes fusing

64
Q

Macrostomia

A

When mandibular and maxillary processes halt fusion early

Mouth extends far laterally to the ears

65
Q

Microstomia

A

Excessive merging of the macxillary and mandibular processes

66
Q

Palate developmets

A

From mesenchyme deep to intermaxillary segment and maxillary processes

67
Q

Portion of palate from intermaxillary process forms

A

Anterior plate

68
Q

Portion of palate deep to maxillary process forms

A

Posterior palate

69
Q

Incisive teeth/portion of hard palate anterior to incisive foramen from

A

INtermaxillary segment

70
Q

Secondary plate formed from

A

2 palatine shelves - extnesions of maxillary processes

71
Q

Nasal septum from

A

Frontonasal prominences underlying mesenchyme

72
Q

Secondary palates are from and help form

A

from nasal septum

Separate oral and nasal cavity

73
Q

Bifid uvula result of

A

Incomplete fusion of palatine shelves

Anatomy and Radiology Test 3 (11 decks)

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