Triangles of The Neck Flashcards
What two triangles are found in the Posterior Triangle and what separates them?
1.Occipital and Supraclavicular Triangle
2.The omohyoid muscle
What is found in the occipital triangle?
1.The posterior branches from the cervical plexus.
2.trunks of the brachial plexus
3.Accessory nerve (CN XI)
4.Occipital and transverse cervical arteries
5,External jugular vein
Contents of the supraclavicular triangle?
1.Subclavian artery and suprascapular artery
2.External jugular vein
4.Supraclavicular lymph nodes
Contents of the Submandibular triangle.
Hypoglossal nerve
Mylohyoid nerve
Facial artery and vein
Submandibular gland
Contents of the Submental Triangle?
1.Submental lymph nodes
2.Tributaries to anterior jugular vein
Contents of the Carotid triangle(7)
1.Carotid sheath
2.External carotid artery with its branches
3.Accessory nerve
4.Hypoglossal nerve
5.Superior root of masa cervicalis
6.Branches of cervical plexus
7.Deep cervical lymph nodes
Contents of muscular triangle?
1.Sternohyoid
2.Sternothyroid
3.thyroid and parathyroid glands
4.larynx and trachea
5.Pharynx and esophagus
Muscles that attach to the Hyoid Bone?
1.Genioglossus
2.Geniohyoid
3.Mylohyoid
4.Sternohyoid
5. Omohyoid
6.Chondroglossus
7.Thyrohyoid
8.Stylohyoid
9.Hyoglossus
10.Middle Constrictor
What are the suprahypoid muscles?
1.Digastric muscle(anterior belly)
2.Mylohyoid muscle
3.Stylohyoid muscle
4.Geniohyoid muscle
What are the infrahyoid muscle?
1.Omohyoid muscle (superior and inferior bellies)
2.Sternohyoid muscle
3.Sternothyroid muscle
4.Thyrohyoid muscle
What are the layers of the neck?
1.Skin
2.Superficial fascia
3.Deep fascia
What is found in the Superficial fascia?
Platysma muscle
What are the 4 layers of deep cervical fascia?
1.Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia
2.Prevertebral fascia
3.Carotid Sheath
4.Pretracheal fascia
What is found in the investing layer?
SCM and Trapezius muscle
What is found in the Prevertrebral Fascia?
Phrenic nerve and sympathetic trunk
What is found in the Pretracheal fascia
Trachea,thyroid gland, recurrent laryngeal nerves, Oesophagus
What is found in the carotid sheath?
Internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve, deep cervical nodes
Where is the retropharyngeal space located?
Between the buccopharyngeal fascia and Prevertebral fascia
The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of which nerve?
Mandibular of the Trigeminal
What level is the hyoid and cricoid cartilage?
Hyoid-C3
Cricoid cartilage-C6
Significance of the cricoid cartilage (C6)
1.This is where the pharynx becomes the esophagus
2.Where the larynx becomes the trachea
Describe the arterial supply of the head and neck?
REFER TO HANDOUT
Describe the cervical plexus(describe the cervical roots of each nerve)
REFER TO HANDOUT
What branches of the cervical plexus provide motor ,sensory ,both motor and sensory innervation.
1.Motor-Ansa cervicalis + C1
2.Sensory-lesser occipital nerve,greater auricular nerve,Supraclavicular nerve and Transverse cervical nerve
3.Both-Phrenic nerve
What cervical roots make up the superior and inferior root of the ansa cervicalis?
1.Superior root-C1 +C2
2.Inferior root-C2+C3
What nerve supplies the Sternocleidomastoid?
The accessory nerve
What nerve supplies the Trapezius muscle?
Accessory nerve -MOTOR
Branches of the cervical plexus (C3 and C4)-SENSORY
What supplies the Levator Scapulae muscle?
C3 +C4
Muscles of the neck and their innervation?
REFER TO THE HANDOUT.
