Triangles of The Neck

Question 1

What two triangles are found in the Posterior Triangle and what separates them?

Answer 1

1.Occipital and Supraclavicular Triangle
2.The omohyoid muscle

Question 2

What is found in the occipital triangle?

Answer 2

1.The posterior branches from the cervical plexus.
2.trunks of the brachial plexus
3.Accessory nerve (CN XI)
4.Occipital and transverse cervical arteries
5,External jugular vein

Question 3

Contents of the supraclavicular triangle?

Answer 3

1.Subclavian artery and suprascapular artery
2.External jugular vein
4.Supraclavicular lymph nodes

Question 4

Contents of the Submandibular triangle.

Answer 4

Hypoglossal nerve
Mylohyoid nerve
Facial artery and vein
Submandibular gland

Question 5

Contents of the Submental Triangle?

Answer 5

1.Submental lymph nodes
2.Tributaries to anterior jugular vein

Question 6

Contents of the Carotid triangle(7)

Answer 6

1.Carotid sheath
2.External carotid artery with its branches
3.Accessory nerve
4.Hypoglossal nerve
5.Superior root of masa cervicalis
6.Branches of cervical plexus
7.Deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 7

Contents of muscular triangle?

Answer 7

1.Sternohyoid
2.Sternothyroid
3.thyroid and parathyroid glands
4.larynx and trachea
5.Pharynx and esophagus

Question 8

Muscles that attach to the Hyoid Bone?

Answer 8

1.Genioglossus
2.Geniohyoid
3.Mylohyoid
4.Sternohyoid
5. Omohyoid
6.Chondroglossus
7.Thyrohyoid
8.Stylohyoid
9.Hyoglossus
10.Middle Constrictor

Question 9

What are the suprahypoid muscles?

Answer 9

1.Digastric muscle(anterior belly)
2.Mylohyoid muscle
3.Stylohyoid muscle
4.Geniohyoid muscle

Question 10

What are the infrahyoid muscle?

Answer 10

1.Omohyoid muscle (superior and inferior bellies)
2.Sternohyoid muscle
3.Sternothyroid muscle
4.Thyrohyoid muscle

Question 11

What are the layers of the neck?

Answer 11

1.Skin
2.Superficial fascia
3.Deep fascia

Question 12

What is found in the Superficial fascia?

Answer 12

Platysma muscle

Question 13

What are the 4 layers of deep cervical fascia?

Answer 13

1.Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia
2.Prevertebral fascia
3.Carotid Sheath
4.Pretracheal fascia

Question 14

What is found in the investing layer?

Answer 14

SCM and Trapezius muscle

Question 15

What is found in the Prevertrebral Fascia?

Answer 15

Phrenic nerve and sympathetic trunk

Question 16

What is found in the Pretracheal fascia

Answer 16

Trachea,thyroid gland, recurrent laryngeal nerves, Oesophagus

Question 17

What is found in the carotid sheath?

Answer 17

Internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve, deep cervical nodes

Question 18

Where is the retropharyngeal space located?

Answer 18

Between the buccopharyngeal fascia and Prevertebral fascia

Question 19

The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of which nerve?

Answer 19

Mandibular of the Trigeminal

Question 20

What level is the hyoid and cricoid cartilage?

Answer 20

Hyoid-C3
Cricoid cartilage-C6

Question 21

Significance of the cricoid cartilage (C6)

Answer 21

1.This is where the pharynx becomes the esophagus
2.Where the larynx becomes the trachea

Question 22

Describe the arterial supply of the head and neck?

Answer 22

REFER TO HANDOUT

Question 23

Describe the cervical plexus(describe the cervical roots of each nerve)

Answer 23

REFER TO HANDOUT

Question 24

What branches of the cervical plexus provide motor ,sensory ,both motor and sensory innervation.

Answer 24

1.Motor-Ansa cervicalis + C1
2.Sensory-lesser occipital nerve,greater auricular nerve,Supraclavicular nerve and Transverse cervical nerve
3.Both-Phrenic nerve

Question 25

What cervical roots make up the superior and inferior root of the ansa cervicalis?

Answer 25

1.Superior root-C1 +C2
2.Inferior root-C2+C3

Question 26

What nerve supplies the Sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 26

The accessory nerve

Question 27

What nerve supplies the Trapezius muscle?

Answer 27

Accessory nerve -MOTOR
Branches of the cervical plexus (C3 and C4)-SENSORY

Question 28

What supplies the Levator Scapulae muscle?

Answer 28

C3 +C4

Question 29

Muscles of the neck and their innervation?

Answer 29

REFER TO THE HANDOUT.