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Anatomy > NASAL CAVITIES AND PARANASAL SINUSES > Flashcards

NASAL CAVITIES AND PARANASAL SINUSES Flashcards

1
Q

How does the nasal cavity open anteriorly and posteriorly?

A

ANT-via the nostrils and nares
POST-through the choanae

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2
Q

Define a vestibule?

A

It is the dilation inside aperture of each nostril, lined with skin with hairs,sebaceous and sweat glands.

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3
Q

What does a vestibule consist of?

A

Skin with hairs, sebaceous and sweat glands.

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4
Q

What is a conchae?

A

A structure shaped like a shell, could be parts of the ethmoid bone or could be a separate bone.

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5
Q

What bones make up the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

It is formed by the nasal,frontal,the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and the sphenoid bone.

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6
Q

What makes the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

The palatine processes of the maxillary bones and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone.

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7
Q

What is contained in the floor of the nasal cavity and what passes through it?

A

Incisive foramen
Nasopalatine and sphenopalatine artery.

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8
Q

What makes the medial wall of the nasal septum?

A

1.Septal Cartilage
2.Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
3.Vomer
4.Processes of the maxilla,palatine,frontal sphenoid and the nasal bones.

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9
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the basal cavity?

A

1.Frontal process and nasal surface of the maxilla
2.lacrimal bone
3.Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
4.Medial pterygoid plates of the sphenoid
5.Nasal bone
6.Superior and inferior nasal conchae

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10
Q

What structures and openings are found in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

1.Sphenoethmoidal recess-opening of the sphenoid sinus
2.The superior meatus-opening of the posterior ethmoidal sinus
3.The middle meatus-Hiatus semilunaris -opening of the maxillary sinus and the anterior ethmoidal sinus.The ethmoidal bulla-opening of the middle ethmoidal sinus and the infundibulum-opening of thefrontonal sinuses
4.The inferior meatus-opening of the nasolacrimal duct.
5. Sphenopalatine foramen-opening of the pterygopalatine fossa

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11
Q

What is transmitted through the sphenopalatine foramen?

A

Nasopalatine nerve
Sphenopalatine artery

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12
Q

What are the subdivisions of the nasal cavities?

A

1.Vestibule
2.Respiratory region
3.Olfactory region

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13
Q

What bounds the vestibule?

A

Alar plate

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14
Q

What part of the nasal cavity does the respiratory region consist of ?

A

Lower third

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15
Q

Function of the respiratory region?

A

Warms,moistens and filters air with mucous membrane

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16
Q

What does the olfactory region consist of ?

A

The superior nasal concha and the upper third of the nasal septum.

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17
Q

What innervates the olfactory region?

A

The olfactory nerves?

18
Q

Describe the blood supply of the nasal cavity?

A

REFER TO HANDOUT

19
Q

Which main arteries supply the nasal cavity?

A

1.Opthalmic artery
2.Maxillary artery
3.Facial artery

20
Q

Branches of the maxillary artery?

A

The posterior lateral nasal and septal branches of the sphenopalatine artery.

21
Q

Branches of the ophthalmic artery?

A

anterior and posterior branches of the ethmoidal arteries on lateral wall.

22
Q

Branches of the facial artery?

A

REFER TRI HANDOUT.

23
Q

What do the lymphatics of the nasal cavity drain into?

A

1.Submandibular lymph nides
2.Retropharyngeal nodes
3.Deep Cervical nodes then into jugular trunks

24
Q

Nerve supply of the nasal cavity?

A

1.Olfcarory nerve-for olfaction
2.Maxillary and ophthalmic nerve via the pterygopalatine ganglion; infraorbital nerve

25
Q

What are the major paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary,ethmoidal,frontal and sphenoidal

26
Q

Where do the paranasal sinuses open onto?

A

Meatuses of lateral nasal wall
Sphenoethmoid recess

27
Q

Where are the ethmoidal air cells found?

A

In the ethmoidal labyrinth between the orbit and nasal cavity.

28
Q

Where is the frontal bone found?

A

in the frontal bone?

29
Q

What innervates the frontal sinus?

A

Ophthalmic nerve-supraorbital branch

30
Q

What is the largest sinus?

A

Maxillary

31
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus lie?

A

In the maxillary bone lateral to nasal cavity and inferior to the floor of the orbit.

32
Q

Where does the sphenoid sinus lie?

A

in the sphenoid bone

33
Q

What nerve innervates the sphenoid sinus?

A

maxillary nerve

34
Q

What lies above the sphenoidal sinus?

A

the pituitary gland

35
Q

How can the pituitary gland be removed in relation to sinuses

A

Through a transsphenoidal approach

36
Q

What is a sneeze?

A

Involuntary expulsion of air through the mouth and nose.

37
Q

Which nerve is responsible for a sneeze?

A

Maxillary nerve

38
Q

What is epistaxis?

A

Nose bleed from the rupture of blood nasal vessels like the sphenopalatine artery.

39
Q

What is a nasal polyp?

A

An inflammatory polyp from sinuses can project into the nasal cavity and may fill nasopharynx.

40
Q

What is rhinoplasty?

A

Type of plastic surgery changes shape and size of nose

41
Q

Where can maxillary sinusitis spread to?

A

Upper teeth causing a toothache

Anatomy (10 decks)

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