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Parasitology > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

0
Q

What’s the class for Trematodes

A

Trematoda

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1
Q

What is the phylum for Trematodes

A

Platyhelminthes

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2
Q

How do you further divide the class Trematoda

A

Monogenic and digenetic

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3
Q

What are Trematodes considered

A

Flukes

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4
Q

What is the general shape of Trematodes

A

Flattened dorsoventrally

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5
Q

What is the shape is Trematodes

A

Leaves

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6
Q

Do Trematodes have segments

A

No

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7
Q

What are monogenetic Trematodes considered

A

Ectoparasites

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8
Q

What do monogenetic Trematodes inhabit

A

Fish, reptiles and amphibians

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9
Q

How do monogenetic Trematodes attach

A

Gills, fins, mouth and skin

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10
Q

What is a digenetic Trematodes

A

Parasitic mammals.

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11
Q

Why are digenetic Trematodes considered

A

Endoparasites

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12
Q

What do schistosomas resemble

A

A tongue

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13
Q

Describe the morphology of digenetic Trematodes

A

Have no body cavity like cestodes

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14
Q

How do digenetic Trematodes attach

A

By a ventral sucker called acetabulum

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15
Q

What do the 2 blind ceca do from the digenetic Trematodes

A

End of digestive tract that Empties into the host by means of fluke puke

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16
Q

Describe the acetabulum

A

Tiny spines which face backwards enabling them to attach themselves

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17
Q

Describe the sexual reproduction of Trematodes

A

They’re all hermaphroditic except for schistosomas

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18
Q

Describe the Trematodes life cycle

A

Eggs, embryonate in the environment, contact with water

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19
Q

What happens to Trematodes when they make contact with water

A

Hatches and makes the motile stage.

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20
Q

What are the motile stage of Trematodes

A

Miracidium

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21
Q

What do the Miracidium do when hatched

A

Swim to a snail

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22
Q

What do Miracidium develop into

A

Sporocyst

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23
Q

What is a Sporocyst

A

Sack containing many redia

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24
Q

What is inside a redia

A

Cercariae

25
Q

Why does the Cercarial stage have

A

Has a tail, to allow swimming

26
Q

What are the three options for cercariae once he is out of the snail

A

Penetrate the skin
Attach to vegetation and encyst
Penetrate a second incidental host

27
Q

When the cercariae exits the snail how does it penetrate the host and cost

A

Swimmers itch. Duck is definitive host. does not develop further in humans.

28
Q

Where does s. Mansoni normally end up

A

Intestine

29
Q

What is an abhorrent migration

A

When a parasite migrates to the wrong place

30
Q

What is metacercaria

A

When the Vegetation is ingested by definitive host

31
Q

What happens when the Metacercaria is digested

A

Assist is digested releasing a juvenile fluke. Migrates to its preferred site and becomes an adult

32
Q

What is the preferred site for most trematodes

A

G.I. tract

33
Q

What is the one trematode that does not live in the gastrointestinal tract

A

Paragonimus kellicotti which lives in the lungs

34
Q

Where do most schistosomes live

A

In the circulatory system

35
Q

What is the one shistosome that doesn’t live in the circulatory system

A

Shistosoma mansoni which lives in GI tract

36
Q

what is platynosomum fastosum

A

Lizard poisoning fluke

37
Q

What is the first intermediate host of the platynosomum fastosum

A

Land snail

38
Q

What is the second intermediate host of platynosomum fastosum

A

Lizard

39
Q

Describe the organs where the lizard poisoning fluke lives

A

Liver, gallbladder, bile ducts

40
Q

What are the symptoms of lizard poisoning fluke

A

Jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, death

41
Q

What is an operculum

A

An opening

42
Q

What is nanophyetus salmincola

A

The salmon poisoning fluke in BC. It is the smallest fluke of domesticated animals.

43
Q

What is the first intermediate host of nanophyetus salmincola

A

Snail

44
Q

What is the second intermediate host of nanophyetus salmincola

A

Salmon

45
Q

How do you get nanophyetus salmincola

A

From eating uncooked salmon.

46
Q

What is the largest fluke of domesticated animals

A

Fasciolitis magma

47
Q

Where does nanophyetus salmincola live

A

Small intestine

48
Q

What is the first intermediate host of Alaria

A

Snail

49
Q

What is the second intermediate host of Alaria

A

Frog, snake, mouse

50
Q

Where does alaria live

A

In the intestine

51
Q

What is paragonimus kellicotti

A

Lung fluke

52
Q

What is the first intermediate host of paragonimus kellicotti

A

Snail

53
Q

What is the second intermediate host of paragonimus kellicotti

A

Crayfish

54
Q

How is paragonimus kellicotti diagnosed

A

Fecal sedimentation or flotation

55
Q

What is heterobilharzia Americana

A

Canine schistosome. Found in the Gulf states of US. Enter via the skin.

56
Q

What is the intermediate host of heterobilharzia Americana

A

Snail

57
Q

Where is heterobilharzia Americana found in the body

A

In the mesenteric vein of the intestine and the portal vein.

58
Q

What do heterobilharzia Americana cause

A

Bloody diarrhea, necrosis, initiation, anorexia

59
Q

What is a miricidum

A

A larva that is already ready and has no hatching required

60
Q

How do you diagnose heterobilharzia Americana

A

Fecal sedimentation

Parasitology (9 decks)

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