Parasitology Labs Flashcards
What is the generic name for s-125
Sulfadimethoxine
What is the generic name of pyran
Pyrantel pamoate
Between the modified knots technique and the difil test, which technique allows for differentiation Dirofilaria Immitis and Acanthochocheilonema reconditum microfilariae
Modified knotts technique
Why is it important to differentiate between D. Immitis and A. Reconditum ?
Because A. Reconditum doesn’t need to be treated
What are the morphological differences between both types of microfilariae
D. Immitis has a straight body with a tapered end
A. Reconditum has a curved body with a blunt head and a curved tail
Can a dog have heartworm and have a negative difil or knotts test ?
Yes if he has only adult male worms or the females could not have made microfilariae yet
Give two reasons why a dog might have heartworm and yet the rest Would come out negative
Due to the fact that it tests for females. If there is too little females or only males you might get a false negative
Give the kingdom, phylum and class of dipylidium caninum ova
Kingdom: Anamalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Cestoda
What is the the common name of dipylidium caninum ova
Flea tapeworm
Describe the dipylidium caninum ova
Oval with multiple circles inside. Transparent. No visible shell
Give the kingdom, phylum and class of echinococcus granulosis cyst
Kingdom: Anamalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Cestoda
What is the common name of echinococcus granulosus cyst
Dog worms
What are the general characteristics of echinococcus granulosus cysts
Rounded/ovalish cyst with small circle/oval circles inside
List the materials required for a fecal centrifugation technique
Slide, tongue depressor, paper cups, sample, sheathers solution
What is the density of sheathers solution
1200 units
Describe the fecal centrifugation technique
Put 1g of feces in a paper cup, put 1cc of sheathers solution in a cup. Make a soup. Put 8cc of sheathers solution. Mix it, in a second cup put 2 layers of gauze over the second cup and filter solution. Squeeze out extra liquid from gauze. Put all garbage in garbage cup
What type of centrifuge is ideal to perform fecal centrifugation
Swinging, the triac allows the coverslip to be placed on it.
Whats the difference between single and double centrifugation technique ? What is the purpose of doing the double centrifugation ?
Double centrifugation the 1st step is done with water instead of sheathers or znSO4. When you centrifuge it, te water is less dense than eggs so any sample will go to the bottom of the container. Centrifuge again, this time with sheathers and sample will raise to top
What are the materials required for a simple fecal flotation
Fecal cup, tongue depressor, zinc sulfate, cover slip, slide
Describe how to do a simple fecal flotation
Fill fecal tunnel, put zinc sulfate until divot is filled, turn until it forms a brown solution. Clip it down when the solution is nicely mixed. Full up to the top with zinc sulfate, make a miniscus, and place coverslip on top. Wait 10 mins and place it on slide
What are the disadvantages to using a direct smear
If you have a small amount of feces you can have a false negative.
What does a hydrometer measure
The specific gravity of a liquid
What does the Refractometer measure
The amount of dissolved Solutes in a solution
Which of the two should be used to measure specific gravity an check that your solutions are still good
The hydrometer
What is the kingdom, phylum and class of ancylostoma caninum ova
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: secementea
What are the general characteristics of ancylostoma caninum ova
Oval, transparent, granular appearance
What is the common name of ancylostoma caninum ova
Hookworm
What is the kingdom, phylum and class of trichinella spiralis encysted
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: adenophorea
What is the common name for trichinella spiralis encysted
Pork worm
What are the general characteristics of trichinella spiralis
Transparent worm in a muscle. Spiral shaped.
What is the kingdom, phylum and class of trichuris vulpis
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: nemathelminthes
Class: Nematoda
What are the general characteristics of trichuris vulpis
Oval shaped, thick outer shell with bipolar plugs
What is the common name for balis ascaris
Roundworm
What is the kingdom, phylum, class of balis ascaris
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: secernentea
What is the common name for w. Bankrofti
Roundworm
What is the kingdom, phylum and class of w. Bankrofti
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: secernentea
How is w. Bankrofti contracted
Mosquito
What is the common name of shistosoma mansoni
Trematode
What is the kingdom, phylum and class for shistosoma mansoni
Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
What is the main carrier of shistosoma mansoni
Snails
What is the main carrier of balis ascaris
Raccoon
How do you differentiate between Taenia and dipylidium tapeworm
Taenia had 1 pore.
How do you do the modified knotts test
1 ml blood+ 9ml formalin. Then centrifuge at 1500, 5 min. Pour off supernatant, stain and then examine sediment.
Describe the fecal centrifugation technique
1g feces, 1cc sheathers, mix. Add 8cc sheathers. Mix. Filter one cup and pour solution in. Top it up to 13 cc. Put in centrifuge: 1500, 5 min. Top it up to make a miniscus and then put coverslip. Wait 5-10 mins
How do you perform a skin scraping
Put mineral oil on crusty region, squeeze area, scrape area, put crust and material on slide with mineral oil and chop it up. Scrape till area turns red, put it on the slide and add coverslip.
How do you perform the cellophane tape method
Take tape, sticky side down multiple times, mineral oil. Put tape on slide
Describe the cellophane tape for pinworm identification
Tongue depressor, tape. Fold tape over tongue depressor with sticky side out and press it on the butt hole. Don’t use mineral oil on the slide.
What is the class of balantidium coli trophozoites
Litostomatea
What is the class of demodex follicularis
Arachnida
What is the class of fasciola hepatica
Trematoda
What is the common name of phthirus pubis adult
Crab louse
What order of lice does phthirus pubis adult belong to and how can you tell simply by looking at it
Anoplura and it is due to the smaller head then it’s body
What does the Anoplura phthirus pubis feed on
Blood
Where does the phthirus pubis live on humans
In the pubic hair or any other course hair
What is the scientific name of the head louse
Pediculus humanus capitis
Where does the head louse live
On the hair of the head
What is the baby form of a louse
A nit, or egg.
How long does a nit take to hatch to nymph form
5-14 days
What is the order of the cimex lectularis
Hemiptera
What is the common name of cimex lectularis
Bed bug
What is the order of melophagus ovinus
Diptera
What is the common name of melophagus ovinus
Sheep ked
What species are infected with sheep ked
Sheep and goats
Where does the sheep ked live on the host
Deep into the Sheeps wool or the goats fleece
What materials are needed for the baermann technique
Champagne glass with hollow tube, mesh cloth, gauze, rubber band
What solution is use in the baermann technique
Water
Describe the baermann technique
Put 5 g of feces in gauze, close the rubber band. Place mesh in glass to hold the gauze. Fill with room temp water so larva can swim out into the glass. Let it sit for 24hrs
What is the purpose of conducting the baermann test
Larva of lungworm
How is the sample for baermann test collected
Fresh sample from a hard surface
What are three different possible solutions used for fecal shippin
SAF, formalin or 70% alcohol
What is the ratio of the volume of fece to the volume of shipping solution
1/3 feces to solution
What is the class for giardia trophozoites
Protozoa
What are small segments of tapeworms called
Proglottids
How is Taenia acquired
Ingestion of intermediate host
If you are a solution with 1260 what are you
Sheathers
What is the advantage to fecal centrifugation
More efficient at separating and its rapid.
Why do we do the baermann technique
To find lungworm larva
What is the scale to calibrate the microscope called
Stage micrometer
