Trematodes

Question 0

Trematodes:

- definitive host for all organisms

Answer 0

Human (or another animal) is definitive host for all

Question 1

Trematodes:

- appearance

Answer 1

Leaf-like and flat (Platyhelminths)

Question 2

Trematodes:

- how many intermediate host generally

Answer 2

Two intermediate hosts for most (schistosomes have one)

Question 3

Trematodes:

- diagnostic stage

Answer 3

Egg

Question 4

Trematodes:

- what method is not effective for detection

Answer 4

Floatation methods

Question 5

Trematodes:

- Life cycle

Answer 5

• eggs shed from humans into freshwater
• larvae infect snails
• larvae leaves snail and invades ??? which is ingested by man

Question 6

Fasciolopsis buski:

- what type

Answer 6

Intestinal fluke

Question 7

Fasciolopsis buski:

- size

Answer 7

Giants intestinal fluke (largest Trematode human pathogen)

Question 8

Fasciolopsis buski:

- where is it found

Answer 8

South east Asia

Question 9

Fasciolopsis buski:

- what is it’s (???) intermediate host

Answer 9

Water plants, e.g. water chestnut or bamboo shoots

Question 10

Fasciolopsis buski:

- clinical manifestation

Answer 10

G.I. obstruction with heavy infections, edema, malabsorption

Question 11

Fasciolopsis buski:

- microscopic appearance of eggs

Answer 11

Very large, operculate, can’t be differentiated from eggs of fescue Fasciola hepatica

Question 12

Fasciola hepatica:

- what type

Answer 12

Liver fluke

Question 13

Fasciola hepatica:

- what is it’s (???) intermediate

Answer 13

Fresh water plants, e.g. watercress

Question 14

Fasciola hepatica:

- clinical manifestation

Answer 14

Causes major destruction, fibrosis, partial obstruction bile ducts

Question 15

Clonorchis sinensis:

- other name

Answer 15

Opisthorchis spp.

Question 16

Clonorchis sinensis/ Opisthorchis spp:

- what type

Answer 16

Oriental or Chinese liver fluke

Question 17

Clonorchis sinensis:

- endemic to where

Answer 17

Orient (imported fish to Hawaii)

Question 18

Clonorchis sinensis:

- what is it’s (???) intermediate

Answer 18

Freshwater fish (raw, smoked, pickled or dried)

Question 19

Clonorchis sinensis:

- clinical manifestations

Answer 19

Pain, bile duct obstruction, jaundice, (associated with liver/gallbladder carcinoma)

Question 20

Clonorchis sinensis:

- microscopic egg appearance

Answer 20

Operculate, flask shaped eggs found in stool (shoulders; tiny in size)

Question 21

Paragonimus westermani:

- what type

Answer 21

Oriental lung fluke

Question 22

Paragonimus westermani:

- what is it’s (???) second intermediate host

Answer 22

In crabs or crayfish

Question 23

Paragonimus westermani:

- clinical manifestation

Answer 23

Chronic cough, hemoptysis (“Iron filings”), pulmonary fibrosis, resembles TB

Question 24

Paragonimus westermani: | - microscopic egg appearance

Answer 24

Operculate eggs in sputum, often shoulders, aboperculate thickening but no knob

Question 25

Schistosoma species: | - name the three species

Answer 25

S. japonicum S. hematobium S. mansoni

Question 26

Schistosoma species: | - life cycle

Answer 26

When the larvae leave the snail, they penetrate human skin; large eggs are deposited in vessels of humans

Question 27

Schistosoma species: | - clinical manifestations

Answer 27

Local irritation at penetration site; major symptoms dependent on fluke's life cycle

Question 28

S. japonicum: | - where is it found

Answer 28

South east Asia

Question 29

S. japonicum: | - where does it deposit its eggs

Answer 29

G.I. tract

Question 30

S. japonicum: | - egg appearance

Answer 30

Rounded, small lateral spine (no operculate)

Question 31

S. hematobium: | - where is it found

Answer 31

Africa, middle east

Question 32

S. hematobium: | - where are eggs deposited in humans

Answer 32

Urinary bladder (bladder cancer)

Question 33

S. hematobium: | - egg appearance

Answer 33

Elongated, pointed terminal spine (no operculum)

Question 34

S. mansoni: | - where are they found

Answer 34

Africa, South America, Caribbean

Question 35

S. mansoni: | - where are eggs deposited in humans

Answer 35

G.I. tract

Question 36

S. mansoni: | - egg appearance

Answer 36

Elongated, long pointed lateral spine (no operculum)