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Mycology > Cestodes > Flashcards

Cestodes Flashcards

0
Q

Cestodes can have a scolex (head) with suckers, some with hooklets (“armed”); ________ (segments) can be diagnostic for some

A

Proglottids

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1
Q

Cestodes are a type of _______ (members of platyhelminth)

A

Flatworms

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2
Q

An entire chain of proglottids

A

Strobila

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3
Q

What portion of cestodes are passed in the stool?

A

Eggs or proglottids

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4
Q

What is the most common tapeworm in the US?

A

Hymenolepis nana

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5
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- common name

A

Dwarf tapeworm

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6
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- most common in what age group of people

A

More common in children

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7
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- intermediate host

A

No intermediate host or may have arthropod intermediate (flea or beetle)

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8
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- how is it spread

A

Fecal oral route, or by ingestion of infected arthropod

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9
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- major clinical manifestation

A

Usually asymptomatic

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10
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

-microscopic appearance of egg

A

Thin shelled egg in stool with hexacanth embryo, polar thickenings and filaments

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11
Q

Hymenolepis nana:

- adult’s appearance

A

Small, tiny armed scolex, hooklets

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12
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta:

- common name

A

Rat tapeworm

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13
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta:

- intermediate host

A

Rat is definitive host, humans ingest infected arthropod (meal beetles, fleas)

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14
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta:

- microscopic egg appearance

A

Eggs found in stool, hexacanth embryo with no polar filaments; eggs are larger and thicker shelled then E. nana

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15
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- common name

A

Broad fish tapeworm

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16
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- where is it found?

A

Temperate zones (even Scandinavia) found in U.S. (northern Midwest lakes)

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17
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- intermediate host

A

To intermediates: copepod and freshwater fish

18
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- claim to fame

A

Only operculate tapeworm found in man

19
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- most important clinical manifestation

A

Megaloblastic anemia (competition for B12)

20
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- microscopic appearance of eggs

A

Eggs or proglottids passed in the stool; eggs are operculate, shoulders, aboperculate knob

21
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum:

- proglottid appearance

A

Proglottids are broader than long (often chain of proglottids past)

22
Q

Taenia saginata:

- common name

A

Beef tapeworm

23
Q

Taenia saginata:

- intermediate host

A

Cattle

24
Q

Taenia saginata:

- where is it found

A

Worldwide but rare in the US

25
Q

Taenia saginata:

- clinical manifestations

A

Vague GI symptoms

26
Q

Taenia saginata:

- microscopic egg appearance

A

Striated shell, hexacanth embryo (can’t differentiate from T. solium)

27
Q

Taenia saginata:

- proglottid appearance

A

Proglottids are longer than wide (15 to 20 uterine branches)

28
Q

Taenia solium:

- common name

A

Pork tapeworm

29
Q

Taenia solium:

- intermediate host

A

Pig

30
Q

Taenia solium:

- what are the two types of infections

A
  • Larvae infection- intestinal

- Egg ingestion Cysticercosis (very serious)

31
Q

Cysticercosis:

- cysticerci (“_______ worm”): larvae in fluid filled _______

A

Bladder

32
Q

What is the number one cause of adult onset epilepsy in endemic areas

A

Cysticercosis (cysticerci can locate in brain, eye, muscle; headaches, seizures, psychiatric disturbances can result)

33
Q

Taenia solium:

- microscopic appearance of eggs

A

Eggs can’t be differentiated from T. saginata

34
Q

Taenia solium:

- proglottid appearance

A

Similar to T. saginata except 7 to 13 uterine branches

35
Q

Echinococcus granulosus:

- common name

A

Canine tapeworm

36
Q

Echinococcus granulosus:

- what disease does it cause

A

Hydatid Cyst Disease (cystic disease)

37
Q

Echinococcus granulosus:

- intermediate host

A

Sheep/sheep dogs (occur often in sheep grazing countries, including U.S.)

38
Q

Echinococcus granulosus:

- diagnosis

A

Cysts grow in liver, lungs, brain;

- aspirate fluid from the cyst; cyst will contain numerous scolices and hooklets (“hydatid sand”)

39
Q

Dipylidium caninum:

- common name

A

Dog tapeworm

40
Q

Dipylidium caninum:

- how is it spread

A

Children accidentally ingested dog fleas with tapeworm (usually asymptomatic)

41
Q

Dipylidium caninum:

- egg appearance

A

Egg packets (numerous hexacanth embryo)

42
Q

Dipylidium caninum:

- proglottids appearance

A

Resemble cucumber seeds or rice grains

Mycology (24 decks)

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