Treaty Of Versailles

Question 1

Who drew up the treaty?

Answer 1

Woodrow Wilson (USA)
Georges Clemenceau (France)
David Lloyd George (UK)

Question 2

What were the Key Terms?

Answer 2

Land and resources-13% territory loss to France, Belgium, Denmark, Poland and Czechoslovakia. 6.5 million population loss, 48% iron ore loss and 15% loss of coal

War guilt (Article 231) -Germany accepts responsibility for causing loss and damage to allied country’s. Argued they had been threatened by “encirclement” from the allies.

Reparations- Germany had to pay 6.6 billion in reparations but this wasn’t agreed upon until 1921 ”signing blank cheque”

Disarmament- Conscription abolished, army reduced to 100,000, no tanks, no military aircraft, navy limited to 6 battleships and no submarines. Rhineland demilitarises to protect France (Germans felt vulnerable.) Other countries remained highly armed despite Wilson’s idea of universal disarmament. Seemed as if Germany had been unilaterally disarmed.

League of Nations- set to maintain peace. Germany had to accept the league but was initially not allowed to join. Germans viewed it as tool of the allies and not an international cooperation.

Question 3

What was Germanys reaction to the Treaty?

Answer 3

Expected fair treaty based on Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points

Shocked as this didn’t happen

Treaty was called a DIKTAT

Question 4

What was Wilson’s principle of self determination?

Answer 4

The principle of each national ruling itself. Wilson believed it was necessary for Paris Peace Settlement and would lead to long term peace