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Phar 507 > Treatment of Anxiety Disorder > Flashcards

Treatment of Anxiety Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

What is the “alarm center” for anxiety that causes the symptoms (noradrenergic transmission)

A

Locus coeruleus

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2
Q

How does serotonin effect anxiety

A

Serotonin in the amygdala turns on GABA, which turns off glutamate

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3
Q

T/F: SSRI, SNRI and bupropion can be used to treat anxiety but does can increase anxiety initially before decreasing it

A

True

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4
Q

What are the drugs associated with anxiety symptoms upon withdrawl

A

Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol, narcotics

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5
Q

What is generalized anxiety disorder

A

ongoing state of excessive WORRY or anxiety lacking any clear reason

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6
Q

What is the cardinal symptom of generalized anxiety disorder, how long must it last to be considered GAD

A

Excessive anxiety/worry with difficulty controlling worry, over 6 months

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7
Q

What is the symptom of panic disorder

A

Discrete (short/abrupt) episode of sudden attack of overwhelming fear or terror (impending doom) with the cause not known (recurrent UNexpected attacks at least once a month)

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8
Q

What is the symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

obsessive or intrusive thoughts causing marked anxiety and distress, compulsions are ritualistic and repetitive

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9
Q

What is Posttraumatic stress disorder

A

Anxiety triggered by the insistent recall of past stressful experiences

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10
Q

T/F: Social anxiety disorder is marked by fear of being embarrassed

A

True

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11
Q

What are non-pharmacological treatments of anxiety disorder

A

Education, Cognitive behavioral Therapy ( can prevent relapse)

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12
Q

What are the first line drug class for anxiety disorders

A

Antidepressants: SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs and MAOI (limited use)

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13
Q

T/F: SSRIs and bupropion can be used to treat all the anxiety disorders discussed

A

False: Bupropion CAN NOT be used for panic disorder but SSRIs is effecitve for all the other anxiety disorders

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14
Q

What is the best way to potentially avoid transient increases in anxiety when starting an SSRI

A

Initiate at the lowest available dose (half antidepressant doses)

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15
Q

Which patients should especially receive antidepressants for their anxiety

A

Patient has a history of substance abuse or concurrent depression

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16
Q

What is MOA of BZD

A

Increase the frequency of GABA-Cl channels in RESPONSE to GABA stimulation

17
Q

What is the place of therapy for anxiety

A

Can give short term to mitigate transient depression when using SSRIs

18
Q

T/F: BZDs are more effective than SSRIs in treating cognitive symptoms and less effective in treating somatic symptoms

A

False: BZDs are LESS effective than SSRIs in treating COGNITIVE symptoms and MORE effective in treating SOMATIC symtptoms

19
Q

Which anxiety disorder population are BZDs contraindicated

A

PTSD

20
Q

T/F: BDZs can interfere with CBT treatment for OCD

A

True

21
Q

What are the adverse effects of BZDs

A

Sedation/drowsiness, ataxia, visual-spatial impairment, anetograde amnesia

22
Q

What is the antidote for BZDs overdose

A

Flumazenil

23
Q

T/F: BZDs can be taking with alcohol but at low amounts only

A

False: BZDs should NEVER be used with alcohol

24
Q

When using BZDs what aspects do patients become intolerant of, where is the no intolerant

A

Sedation and euphoria, anxiolytic effects

25
Q

T/F: Relapse and rebound are common when using BZDs but must taper down so that seizures and other symptoms are less likely to occur

A

True

26
Q

What anxiety disorder is buspione approved for

A

GAD

27
Q

What is is the major drawback of buspirone use for anxiety

A

2-4 weeks for therapeutic effects

28
Q

What can be used for anxiety symptoms such as fast heart rate

A

Beta-blockers

29
Q

What drug can be use as needed for anxiety and is FDA approved

A

Hydroxyzine (H1 antagonist)

30
Q

What is the first line for GAD,Panic disorder

A

CBT and SSRI and SNRI, SSRIs and venlafaxine

31
Q

T/F: BZDs can’t be used for panic disorder as needed

A

True

32
Q

What can be used to treat OCD, what type of dosing, how long

A

SSRIs and clomipramine (if SSRI ineffective), higher dose than for depression, at least 10-12 weeks

33
Q

T/F: Medications are more effective than CBT for treating OCD

A

False: CBT appears to be more effective than medications for treating OCD

34
Q

What anxiety disorders can BZDs never be used in, only time it can be used PRN

A

OCD, PTSD, social anxiety

35
Q

What lipophilic alpha-blocker can be used to elevate nightmares in someone who has nightmares due to their PTSD

A

Prazosin

Phar 507 (33 decks)

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