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Trauma Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol) class:
indications
contra:

A

=B agonist w/ preference for B2 receptors
=bronchospasm, allergies, hyperkalemia
= hypersensitive, anxiety, dizzy/HA

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2
Q

Albuterol) Hyperkalemia:

A

= 10-20mg via LVN / 15mins. May repeat as needed.

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3
Q

Albuterol)Bronchospasm) dose:
Pedi dose:

A

= 2.5mg/3ml via SVN repeat 12-20, 0.83mg/ml
=1.25-2.5mg/1.5-3mL SVN

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4
Q

Albuterol) Dynamics:
Indications:
Contraindications:

A

=B agonist w/ preference of B2 receptors
=Brocospasm, Anaphylaxsis/ asthma/ Allergies, Hyperkalemia
= jitters & Known hypersensitivity

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5
Q

Atropine) Class:
Contra:
cautions:

A

=Parasympatholytic & selectively blocks M receptors inhibiting PSANS
=allergy, hypothermic (82degrees), MIs & hypoxia→ increase O2 med
= <0.5mg may result in paradoxical slowing of HR & may not be effective for AVBs

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6
Q

Atropine) Organophosphate poisoning dose:

A

=2-4mg (or higher) IV Push

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7
Q

Calcium Chloride) class:
Dynamics:

A

= mineral & electrolyte
= role as electrolyte in body to help propagate nerve impulses & M. Contraction

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8
Q

Calcium Chloride) indications:

Contraindications:

A

= Hyper/o/kalemia, Treatment of affects by Ca Chanel blocker OD, HypoBP 2ndary to admin/ of Diltiazem
= cardiac arrest (Unless hyperkalemia suspected)PTs taking Digoxin w/ suspected calcium Chanel blocker OD

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9
Q

Calcium Chloride) effects:

Dose:
Hypotension following admin/ Diltiazem:

A

= Bcardia w/ rapid injection, May produce severe coronary spasm & asystole, Burning sensation @ site of admin/, PERCIPITATE w/ Na-Bicarb
= 0.5-1gram slow IV over 3-5mins
= 250-500mg

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10
Q

Diazepam / Vallium) Indications:

Contraindications:

A

= Tcardia from stimulant OD, Sustained seizures, Anxiety, Sedation
= Known hypersensitivity to med

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11
Q

Diazepam / Vallium) Antidote:
Adult Dose:

A

= Flumazenil 0.2mg IV
= 2.5-10 mg in 2.5 mg increments slow IV/IO/IM

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12
Q

Diazepam / Vallium) Dynamics:
Effects:

A

= Benzo: Binds w/ GABA receptors causing Cl influx
= Resp/ depress/, HypoBP N/V, amnesia

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13
Q

Dopamine) class:
pharmacodynamics

A

= sympathetic agonist
= A/B agonist rate dependent vasopressor +chron/in/Drom/otropic

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14
Q

Dopamine) Effects:

Dosing:
Adult & Pedi Cardiac dose:
Adult & Pedi Vasopressor dose:

A

= HyperBP, Palp/s, H/A, Dizzy, Can worsen C-ischemia, necrosis W/ Extravasation
= 2–20 mcg/kg/min Titrate to response
= 5-10mcg/kg/min
= 10-20 mcg/kg/min

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15
Q
A
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16
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A
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17
Q

Dopamine) indications:

Contraindications:

A

= CHF, HypoBP w/ shock signs, 2nd med for sympathetic Bcardia (after Atropine)
= hypovolemic PTs til’ vol/ replaced, pheochromocytoma, Dont mix w/ sodium bicarb

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18
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000) Effects:

Admin via:
(Adult) Cardiac Arrest dose:
(Adult) Bradycardia dose:
(PEDI) Bradycardia/Cardiac Arrest dose:
(PEDI) Hypoperfusion & Severe anaphylaxis dose:

A

= Palpitations, Anxiety, Jitters, H/A, Dizziness, HyperBP, Tcardia, Can worsen cardiac ischemia
= IV infusion drip
= 1mg IVP/IOP every 3-5 mins
= 2-10 mcg/min IV/IO infusion
= 0.01 mg/kg or 0.1 mL/kg
= 0.1-1 mcg/kg/min infusion by Mixing 1mg of Epi 1:10 into 1L IV bag

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19
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000) Class:
Dynamics:

A

= SNS agonist, Sympathomimetic
= Powerful Alpha and Beta agonist

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20
Q

Epinephrine 1:10,000) Indications:
Contraindications:

A

= Cardiac arrest, Bcardia, Normovolemic hypoBP, Anaphylaxis, Asthma
= rewards over risks so really none

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21
Q

Etomidate / Amidate) Indications:
Contraindications:

Adverse Effects:

A

= RSI induction agent
= Suppresses cortisol, not good for head-injured PTs long term
= Decreases ICP, Ca-Channel Blockers can prolong resp/ depress/, Myoclonic jerks, Laryngospasm

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22
Q

Etomidate / Amidate) Adult) RSI Induction:
Onset:
Duration:

A

= 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV/IO
= 30secs
= 5-10mins

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23
Q

Etomidate / Amidate) Classification:
Pharmacodynamics:

A

= Nonbarbiturate non-benzodiazepine sedative
= sedative

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24
Q

Fentanyl) class:
pharmacodynamics:
Potency:

A

= synthetic narcotic (schedule 2 opioid)
= opioid Analgesia & sedation through binding to opiate receptor
= Fentanyl > morphine (100mcg fentanyl = 10mg of Morphine) 1F = 10M

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25
Hydroxocobalamin) Dynamics: Indications: Contra:
= Binds w/ cyanide to form nontoxic cyanacobalamin (Vitamin B12), preventing its toxic effects. = Suspected cyanide poisoning = Hypersensitivity
26
Hydroxocobalamin/ Cyanokit) Dose: 2nd Dose:
= 5Gs IV/ 15 mins. = May repeat 5Gs for (max 10Gs)
27
Hypotensive therapy) Dynamics: Indications: Normovelmic Dose: Controllable Hemorrhaging Fluid:
= giving enough fluids for a radial pulse to perfuse = incontrollable hemorrhage = Small fluid bags till radial pulse = 20mL/Kg
28
Lorazepam / Ativan) Antidote: Adult Doses) Anxiety / Seizures: RSI Sedation:
= Flumazenil 0.2mg IV = 1-4mg IV, IM, PR, IN = 0.05 mg/kg IV/IO
29
Lorazepam / Ativan) Indications: Contraindications:
= SFR/RSI, Anxiety, Seizures, = Hypertension, Hypersensitivity
30
Lorazepam / Ativan) Dynamics: Adverse Effects:
= Benzo: Binds w/ GABA receptors causing Cl influx = Resp/ depress/, HypoBP N/V, amnesia
31
Ketamine / Ketalar) dynamics: Adverse Effects:
= Sedative-hypnotic & analgesic med = Decreases bronchospasm, hypoBP, amnesia, Increases ICP, Tcardia, Laryngospasm, hallucinations, +Sympathetic response
32
Ketamine / Ketalar) Indications: Contraindications:
= Moderate-Severe Pain, SFI/RSI, Anxious sedation = Hx of hypersensitivity, HyperBP, +ICP
33
Ketamine / Ketalar) Adult & Pedi Pain Doses: Dissociation/Induction:
= 0.2 mg/kg IV /1-2 mins w/ max single dose 20mg or 0.5 mg/kg IN/IM = 1-2 mg/kg IV, Onset: 30-60secs, Duration: 10-20 min
34
Magnesium Sulfate) Adult Bronchodilation dose: Pediatric Bronchodilation dose:
= 1-2 grams IV / 10-20 minutes (Infusion) = 25-50 mg/kg IV (max 2Gs) /15-30 mins (Infusion)
35
Magnesium Sulfate) Indications: Contraindications
= Bronchial asthma, Torsades des pointes, Eclampsia = High-degree HB, Shock, Dialysis, Hypocalcemia, V-Fib/pulseless VTach
36
Magnesium Sulfate) Pharmacodynamics: Adverse Effects:
= Organic Salt act as physiologic Ca channel blocker thus Bronchodilator = Hypotension, Flushing, Sweating, Bradycardia, Resp/ depression, Hypothermia
37
Methylene Blue) Dynamics:
= H20 soluable thiazine dye promotes converting metHb>hemoglobin
38
Methylene Blue) Indications: Contra: Dose:
= Methemoglobinemia (metHb), Nitrate OD = Hypersensitivity = 1 mg/kg IV/IO over 5-30 mins
39
Midazolam / Versed) Contraindications: Indications:
= Hx of hypersensitivity to the drug = Active seizures, RSI induction agent, Chemical restraint, Anxiety, Sedation
40
Midazolam / Versed) Adult Active Seizures: Pedi Active seizures:
= 0.1mg/kg 2mg increments IV(Max 5mg) 5mg IM/IN = 0.1mg/kg 2 mg increments IV (Max 5 mg) 0.2mg/kg IN/IM
41
Midazolam / Versed) Adult & Pedi (RSI): ET Tube Bucking:
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (Max 10 mg), Onset: 2-5 minutes, Duration: 15-30 minutes = 0.05 mg/kg slow IV/ 1–2 mins (maintain SBP) – stop once bucking has resolved
42
Midazolam / Versed) Dynamics: Antidote: Adverse Effects:
= Binds w/ GABA receptors causing influx of Cl = Flumazenil 0.2mg IV = Hypotension, Respiratory depression/apnea, N/V, Amnesia
43
Morphine) class pharmacodynamics
= narcotic (schedule II Opioid) = Analgesia & sedation through binding to opiate receptor
44
Morphine) effects STEMI dose: NSTEMI-ACS dose:
= Resp/ depres/arrest, HypoBP, N/V/D = 2-4mg IV/O (slow) may admin/ addition/ 2-8mg IV 5-15min intervals = 0.1mg/kg IV/IO (slow) or IM up to 10mg
45
Morphine) indications: Contraindications:
= Ischemic chest pain not relieved by Nitro = Known hypersensitivity to drug Uncorrected hypoBP (SBP<90)
46
Ondansetron/ Zofran) class: pharmacodynamics:
= selective Seratonin 5-HT3 receptor blocker/antagonist = Serotonin 5-HT3 receptors @the vagal-N. Can initiate the gag reflex when stim/ed; Zofran is antiemetic/antag/ of 5-HT3 receptors inhibiting serotonin release on central/peripheral vagal nerve
47
Ondansetron/ Zofran) indi/s: Contra:
= Prevent/control N/B = Known hypersensitivity to med
48
Ondansetron/ Zofran) effect: dose:
= HypoBP, Tcardia, Extrapyramidal reaction (=impaired motor control), Prolong QT = 4-8mg IV (slow), IM, PO
49
Rocuronium) Indications: Contraindications: Adverse Effects:
= RSI = Hypersensitivity = Hyper & Hypotension, Skeletal muscle weakness, Malignant hyperthermia, Apnea
50
Rocuronium) Adult Dose: TTP: DOP:
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg = 60-90 seconds = 45-120 minutes
51
Rocuronium) Pediatric Dose: TTP: DOP:
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg = 30-60 seconds = 30-60 minutes
52
Rocuronium) Class: Dynamics:
= Nondepolarizing Paralytic = Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker: binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction
53
Sodium Bicarbonate)class: Dynamics:
= Alkalinizing agent = raises plasma bicarbonates, buffers excess hydrogen concentration, raises blood pH & reverses clinical manifestations of acidosis
54
Sodium Bicarbonate) indications: Contraindications:
= Suspected hyperkalemia & bicarbonate-responsive acidosis (DKA, OD w/: TCA, Aspirin, Cocaine) = PTs in cardiac arrest, precipitates with med admin/ed
55
Sodium Bicarbonate) effects: Suspected acidosis dose: Hyperkalemia:
= May precipitate when admin/ w/ other meds, May cause alkalosis, Hyperirritability, Tetany = 1mEq/kg IV Bolus = 50mEq IV Bolus
56
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Pediatric Dose: TTP: DOP:
= 1-1.5 mg/kg = 45-60 secs = 4-6mins
57
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Adult Dose: TTP: DOP:
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO = 45-60 secs = 5-10 mins
58
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Indications: Contraindications: Adverse Effects:
= RSI = HyperK, Burns, Crush Injury, Increased ICP, Severe trauma, Neuromuscular disease = HyperK, B/cardia, Prolonged paralysis, Increased ICP, Muscle fasciculations, Malignant hyperthermia
59
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Class: Dynamics:
= Depolarizing Paralytic = Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker, Binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction causing it to depolarize
60
Tranexamic Acid (TXA) Class: Dynamics: Adverse Effects:
= Antifibrinolytic = Binds to plasminogen, blocking plasminogen fibrin interactions (fibrinolysis) = Thromboembolism, Musculoskeletal pain
61
Tranexamic Acid (TXA) Indications: Contra: Dose:
= Sig/ hemorrhage, either in/external (after external hemorrhage is controlled) = SP 3 hrs past injury, allergy/Sensitivity, Suspected thromboembolism = 1G/10mins (mix in 50 mL bag of NS), Followed by 1G / 8Hrs (500 mL bag NS)
62
63
Vecuronium) Pediatric Dose: TTP: DOP: 30-60 minutes
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO = 1-3 minutes = 30-60 minutes
64
Vecuronium) Adult Dose: TTP: DOP:
= 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO = 1-3 minutes = 45-90 minutes
65
Vecuronium) Indications: Contraindications: Adverse Effects:
= RSI = Hypersensitivity = Malignant hyperthermia, Skeletal muscle weakness, Apnea
66
Vecuronium) Class: Dynamics:
= Nondepolarizing Paralytic = Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker: Binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction

Old Drug cards (11 decks)

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