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Question

Verapamil) Dynamics: Indications: Contra: Dose:

Answer 1

Class IV Antiarrhythmic. Slows AP of cardiac autorhythmic cells by blocking Ca channels = 2nd line med for A-Fib & A-Flutter w/ RVR. May use as alterative med (after adenosine) narrow QRS complex tachycardia w/ preserved LV Fn = HypoBP, CHF/Cardio shock, WPW, Wide-complex TachyC, sensitivity =1st dose: 2.5-5 mg IV/Io bolus over 2-3 mins. =2nd dose: 5-10 mg over 2-3 mins. Max total dose: 20 mg

Answer 2

= giving enough fluids to get a radial pulse to perfuse = incontrollable hemorrhage = 20mL/Kg till radial pulse

Answer 3

ß Blocker thus slowing of HR = 2nd line med for SVT after Adenosine, A-fib& flutter w/RVR, Reduce MC ischemia in AMI PT's w/elevated HR, Antihypertensive = Don't administer to PT's w/STEMI if any of the following are present: Signs of heart failure, Low cardiac output, Increased risk of cardiogenic shock. Hypotension. Bradycardia. = 10mg IV/O push/1-2 mins. May repeat q10 mins to max of 150mg

Answer 4

= ß Agonist w/ preference for ß2 receptors. Has

Answer 5

= Nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative Interacts w/ GABA receptors =Anesthetic w/o analgesic & Sedation / SFI/RSI =Hypersensitivity = 0.2-0.4 mg/kg (limit to 1 dose). Onset w/in 30 secs, Lasts: 5-10 mins

Answer 6

=Synthetic Narcotic (Schedule II Opioid) = Analgesia & sedation via binding to opiate receptor, sig/ more potent than morphine (100 mcg = 10 mg of Morphine) = Moderate-Severe pain = Hypersensitivity, SBP<90 =1mcg/kg to a max dose 100 mcg (IV/IO/IM/) may repeat PRN in 5-10 = 1mcg/kg IN may repeat PRN 5-10mins (Max 1mL PRN if admin/ed IN)

Answer 7

= Benzodiazepine Antagonist = Competitively blocks benzos @ GABA/benzo receptor complex = Benzodiazepines overdose = Hypersensitivity = 0.2 mg IV/IO q30 seconds Max up to 3 mg total dose

Answer 8

= Loop-Diuretic stops Na,Cl,&H2O from kidney tubules thus +urine = Acute pulmonary edema in PTs w/ SBP>90-100 (w/o signs of shock), Hypertensive emergencies. = Hypovol, HypoBP, HypoK or other pos/ electrolyte abnormalities = 1st: 0.5-1 mg/kg/ 1-2 mins, 2nd: double 1st dose to 2 mg/kg/1-2 mins Acute pulmonary edema w/ suspected hypovol:<0.5 mg/kg slow IV.

Answer 9

= Hormone Binds to Glucagon receptors & stim/s adenyal clyclase, thus +cAMP which up-regulation of Ca cAMP channels in SA & AV cells = Hypoglycemia, BradyC suspected from ßeta/Ca channel blocker OD = Hypersensitivity, Bradycardia from other etiology =Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IM. =BradyC suspected from ßeta/Ca channel blocker OD: 3-10 mg IV/3-5 mins Followed by an infusion of 3-5 mg per Hr

Answer 10

= Effective anxiolytic agent: blocks dopamine receptors associated w/ mood & behavior =Psychosis, chem restraint = Parkinson's disease, Acute CNS injury, Hypersensitivity, <6 y/o = <69 y/o: 5 mg IM (max 20 mg per day) = >69 y/o: 2.5 mg IM (max 10 mg per day)

Answer 11

Binds with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanacobalamin (Vitamin B12), preventing its toxic effects. Suspected cyanide poisoning Hypersensitivity 5 grams IV/IO over 15 minutes. May repeat a 2nd 5 gram dose for a max of 10 grams

Answer 12

= Anti-inflammatory & antipyretic via inhibition of prostaglandins. = Mild-moderate pain, Fever, Inflammation. =Hypersensitivity, Bronchospasm, Angioedema. = 200-800 mg PO q6-8 hours, Max daily dose:3200 mg

Answer 13

= Anticholinergic. Selectively blocks musarinic receptors. = Bronchospasm associated w/ obstructive lung diseases =Hypersensitivity = 500 mcg/2.5 mL via SVN

Answer 14

= Anti-inflammatory & antipyretic via inhibition of prostaglandins. = Mild-moderate pain, Fever, Inflammation, Renal calculi. = Hypersensitivity, Bronchospasm, Angioedema = 15 mg IV 30 mg IM

Answer 15

= Dissociative anesthetic. NMDA Receptor Antagonist =Anesthetic Sedation / SFI/RSI / = Hypersensitivity = Sedation: 1-2 mg/kg Onset: 30-60 secs, Lasts: 10-20 mins = Analgesia/Pain: 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO (max single dose 20 mg), 0.5 mg/kg IM/IN (if no IV/IO)

Answer 16

= H20 soluable thiazine dye promotes converting metHb>hemoglobin = Methemoglobinemia (metHb), Nitrate overdose/poisoning = Hypersensitivity = 1 mg/kg IV/IO over 5-30 mins

Answer 17

= Class Ib Antiarrhythmic. Blocks Na channels in cardiac cells thus depolarization to slow and decrease in automaticity = Alterative to Amiodarone in cardiac arrest, V-Fib/pVT Stable monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia w/ a presserved LVF = Should not use if PT has received IV Ca-channel blockers, Not given prophylactically in AMI setting = VF/pVT: 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO, may give additional: 0.5-0.75 mg/kg IV/IO in 5-10 mins-Max 3 mg/kg = Arrhythmia w/pulse: 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO, may give add: 0.5-0.75 mg/kg IV/IO in 5-10 mins-Max 3 mg/kg = Maintenance infusion: 1-4 mg/min (30-50mcg/kg/min)

Answer 18

= Organic Salt act as a physiologic Ca channel blocker = Bronchial Asthma, Torsades de Pointes (TdP) w/ or w/o a pulse, Eclampsia w/ active seizures = Routine admin in PT's w/AMI not recommended, High-degree HB, Shock, Dialysis, Hypocalcemia, V-fib/pulseless V-Tach, = Respriatory: 1-2 grams IV/IO over 10-20 minutes Tdp w/pulse: 1-2 grams mixed in 50-100 mL over 5-60 minutes Cardiac arrest due to hypomagnesemia or TdP: 1-2 grams in 10 mL Eclampsia: 1-4 grams

Answer 19

= Vitamin B1 Forms thiamine pyrophosphate by combining w/ ATP, an essential coenzyme for carbohydrate metabolism = Coma of unknown orgin, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Delirium tremens =Hypersensitivity = 100 mg IV/IO/IM

Answer 20

= ß-Blocker = Hypertension, 2nd line med for A-Fib or A-Flutter w/ RVR, & SVT = HR<45, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block = 5 mg IV/IO q 5 min (up to 3 doses)

Answer 21

= Benzo binds w/ GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl = Active seizures, Chem restraint, Anxiety, Induct RSI/SFI), Sedation = Hypersensitivity = Seizures: 0.2 mg/kg in 2 mg increments IV/IO (max 10 mg) = RSI: .1-0.3 mg/kg IV/O (max 10mg)Onset: 2-5 mins, Last: 15-30 mins.

Answer 22

Narcotic (Schedule II Opioid). Analgesia & sedation w/ binding to opiate receptor = Ischemic chest pain not relieved by Nitro = Hypersensitivity. Uncorrected SBP<90 = Analgesia: 2-10 mg up to max 20 mg STEMI: 2-4 mg slow IV/IO, may admin 2nd dose of 2-8 mg IV/IO q5-15 mins intervals NSTEMI-ACS: 0.1mg/kg slow IV/IO or IM up to 10 mg.

Answer 23

= Opiate Competitive Antagonist = Suspected Opiate overdose w/ respiratory depression = Hypersensitivity = 0.4-2 mg IV/IO/IM/IN

Answer 24

= Nitrate. Potent vasodilator opens coronary vessels to improve blood flow to the myocardium & 100 BPM, RVI, Use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors (Boner Pills) last 48hours), Increased ICP =0.4 mg tablet or spray - repeat X 3 (q5mins) for total max dose 1.2 mg. *Do not shake aerosol spray because this affects the metered dose*

Answer 25

= Selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor blocker = Prevention & control of Nausea and/or vomiting = Hypersensitivity = 4-8 mg IV slow push, IM, PO.

Answer 26

= ß2Agonist, reliefs bronchospasm,

Answer 27

= Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to Ach recptors = DSI/RSI = Hyperkalemia(burns, crush injury), +ICP, Severe trauma, Neuromuscular disease. = 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO. TTP: 45-60 seconds. DOP: 5-10 minutes.

Answer 28

= Anti-inflammatory; suppresses immune response = Bronchial asthma, COPD, Anaphylaxis = Hypersensitivity = 125-250 mg IV/IO

Answer 29

= Alkalinizing Agent +plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concertration, raises blood pH & reverses manifestations of acidosis. = Suspected hyperkalemia, suspected bicarbonate responsive acidosis (DKA, OD on TCA's, Aspirin or Cocaine) = Patients in cardiac arrest = Suspected acidosis:1 mEq/kg =Hyperkalemia: 50 mEq IV bolus.

Answer 30

= Nonselective ß sympathetic agonist =Croup =Hypersensitivity =0.25-0.75 mL of a 2.25% solution diluted in 3mL of NS

Answer 31

Synthetic opiate agonist/antagonist = Moderate to severe pain = Hypersensitivity, respiratory depression = 10-20 mg IV/IO/SQ/IM

Answer 32

=Class Ia Antiarrhythmic Blocks Na channels in cardiac cells thus slower depolarization &

Answer 33

=Antiemetic. H1-receptor blocker =Nausea & Vomitinf, Peroperative sediation, motion sickness. = Hypersensitivity, Respiratory diseases(Asthma), Pedi <2 y/o = IV/IM: 12.5-25 mg, May cause tissue injury if IV extravasation.

Answer 34

= αß adrenergic agonist (α > ß effects) = Normovolemic hypoBP, Sepsis, Cardiogenic shock = Shouldn't use in hypovol/ til' vol/ replacement occurred = 0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion

Answer 35

=Antiemetic. H1-receptor blocker =Nausea & Vomitinf, Peroperative sediation, motion sickness. = Hypersensitivity, Respiratory diseases(Asthma), Pedi <2 y/o = IV/IM: 12.5-25 mg, May cause tissue injury if IV extravasation.

Answer 36

class misc

Answer 37

= 1st for stable narrow complex SVT, Regular & monomorphic wide-complex Tcardia thought from a reentry SVT (SVT w/ BBB) = Torsades de pointes, Poison/drug-Tcardia, 2nd or 3rd AVB, WPW,DOESNT CONVERT A-FIB/FLUTTER

Answer 38

= Misc antiarrhythmic binds to adenosine A1 receptors causes efflux of K & inhibits Ca influx (in autoarhythmic cells) = Causes hyperpolarization of autorhythmic cells (SA/AV node) Slows AV conduction w/ very short half-life

Answer 39

= periods of sinus Bcardia/asystole & ventricular ectopy after admin = 1st dose 6mg rapid IV/IO push followed w/ rapid flush &2nd dose 12mg also rapid push & flush = rapid push followed by rapid flush 20mL fluid best accomplished w/ 3-way stopcock & 1/2 initial dose in PTs receiving dipyridamole or carbamazepine, heart transplant, or if given by central venous access

Answer 40

=B agonist w/ preference of B2 receptors =Brocospasm, Anaphylaxsis/ asthma/ Allergies, Hyperkalemia = jitters & Known hypersensitivity

Answer 41

= Palp/s, Anxiety, Jitters, Dizzy, Tcardia = 2.5mg/3mg via SVN→ repeat 15-20mins as needed = 10-20mg via LVN over 15 mins→ repeat as needed = 1.25-2.5mg/1.5-3mL SVN

Answer 42

Class 3 K channel blocker> VF/Pulseless VT unresponsive to shock, CPR & Epi, BradyCs to include AV blocks, Recurrent, hemodynamically unstable VT w/ pulse

Answer 43

= 2.2 grams = 360 mg IV 6Hrs (1mg/min) = 540 mg IV 18Hrs (0.5 mg/min) = 300 mg IV/O push = 150 mg IV/O push if needed = 1st Dose: Rapid Infusion 150 mg/10 mins (15 mg/min) = 2nd Dose: 150mg/10 mins (15 mg/min) if needed

Answer 44

= Class III antiarrhythmic = Slows K+ efflux delaying repolarization on all of heart = VF/Pulseless VT-no/response to shock CPR & Epi, Recurrent hemodynamically unstable VT w/ pulse = PT w/ life-threatening arrhythmias w/ monitoring = some atrial & ventricular rhythms w/ life-threatening hypoBP = Extremely long (half-life lasts max 40 days)

Answer 45

= Allergic, Bradycardias w/ AV blocks, Breastfeeding mothers = Severe hypotension, Bradycardia, Prolong QT which can lead to TdP = Toxicity, Causes severe BP drop, Prolong QT which can lead to TdP

Answer 46

pVT/ TdP= Lidocaine & Aminodarone Tdp= Mag-Sulfate

Answer 47

= Cardiac S/S w/ ischemia etiology = common allergy, Bronchospasm, Angiodema

Answer 48

=Can cause bromchoconstriction in ~10% asthmatic PTs, N/V, upset GI = enteric-coated Aspirin when admin/ing to PT w/ cardiac S/S = 160-325mg PO of non-entric coated ASA

Answer 49

= NSAID & COX inhibiter = Blocks cyclooxygenase (enzyme that’s basically alarm bell for body) COX acts upon Arachidonic Acid which in turn gen/s Thromboxane A2, a compound that reg/s the activation of platelets to form a clot

Answer 50

= parasympatholytic = selectively blocks muscarinic receptors inhibiting the parasympathetic NS “Vagus N. Blocker”- letting sympathetic take over

Answer 51

= 1st med/ for symptomatic sinus Bcardia, Maybe beneficial AV block, Organophosphate poisoning (large dose r/q) hypothermic Bcardia = Allergic to drug, Use w/ extreme caution w/ myocardial ischemia = causes increased myocardial O2 demand so caution w/ Hblock & Doses <0.5mg may result in paradoxical slowing of the heart May not be effective for infranodal blocks- be prepared to pace

Answer 52

= Blurred vision, Dry mouth, Dilated pupils, Confusion =1 mg IV push every 3-5mins as needed (0.04mg/Kg (total 3mg) =1 mg IVP every 3 mins = 2-4mg (or higher) IVP

Answer 53

= UNSTABLE} SBP <90 & AMS = Bradycardia, AF w/ SVR, = 50-100J then 200J 300J 360J

Answer 54

= "Dead fibers" TdP (only rhythm defib awake) = Asystole VT w/ Pulse stable = pVT, VF, TdP = 100J 200J 300J 360J

Answer 55

Dexamethasone Anti-inflammatory: supresses immune response Anaphylaxis, Bronchial asthma, COPD Hypersensitivity, Fungal infection 10 mg IV/IO/PO

Answer 56

Dextrose 50% Electrolyte / Carbohydrate. Water-soluble monosaccharide Correction of hypoglycemia Known hyperglycemia D50: 25 grams IV/IO, D10 in 50 mL (5 grams) IV/IO boluses (max 250 mL)

Answer 57

= Benzodiazepine Binds with GABA receptors causing an influx of Cl = TachyC from stimulant OD, Sustained seizure, Anxiety, Sedation, = Hypersensitivity = 2.5-10 mg in 2.5 mg increments slow IV/IO/IM.

Answer 58

= Class IV Antiarrhythmic (Calcium Channel Blocker). Slows action potential of autorhythmic cells in the heart by blocking calcium channels. = 1st line med for A-Fib & A-Flutter with RVR (>150 bpm)2nd line med for SVT that is refractory to adenosine. = SBP<90, CHF/Cardio shock, Wide-complex TachyC, WPW, sensitivity = 1st dose: 0.25 mg/kg (max 20mg) & 2nd: 0.35 mg/kg (max 25mg)

Answer 59

= H1&2 Histamine Blocker = Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, extrapyramidal reactions, sedation = Hypersnesitivity = 25-50 mg slow IV/IO or IM

Answer 60

= αß agonist. Inotropic prop/s > prounced vs chronotropic =Cardiac pump problems (CHF) w/ hypoBP, Shouldn't use in =hypovol/ til fluid replacemed. Never mix w/ Na-Bicarb. = 2-20 mcg/kg/min - titrate so heart rate does not increase by >10% of baseline.

Answer 61

= sympathetic agonist = A/B agonist rate dependent vasopressor +chron/in/Drom/otropic

Answer 62

= CHF, HypoBP w/ shock signs, 2nd med for sympathetic Bcardia (after Atropine) = hypovolemic PTs til' vol/ replaced, pheochromocytoma, Dont mix w/ sodium bicarb

Answer 63

= HyperBP, Palp/s, H/A, Dizzy, Can worsen C-ischemia, necrosis W/ Extravasation = 2–20 mcg/kg/min Titrate to response = 5-10mcg/kg/min = 10-20 mcg/kg/min

Answer 64

= α & ß agonist, Rate dependent, vasopressor, +Chron/In/Dromotropic = CHF, hypoBP w/ shock S/S, 2nd med w/ S/S bradyC (after atropine) = Shouldn't use in hypovolemic PTs til' appropriate vol/ replacement occurred, Known Hx Pheochromocytoma, Don't mix w/ Sodium Bicarb. 2 - 20 mcg/kg/min, titrate to PT response (DO NOT OPEN WIDE OPEN)

Answer 65

= Antipsychotic = Severe agitation = suspected QT prolongation = 5-10 mg

Answer 66

ACE Inhibitor Prevents making of angiotensin II by inhibiting (ACE) thus vasodilation & helps reduce amount of water held back by the kidneys = Severe CHF (W/ HTN) in conjunction w/ Nitrates & CPAP. = Pregnancy, Angioedema, Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors = Pregnancy or Angioedema Initial dose of 2.5 mg PO = Sensitivity to ACE inhibitors; Titrate20mg PO(1st dose 2.5mg PO)

Answer 67

= Potent α and ß agonist =Severe bronchospasm, Allergies/anaphylaxis =Few, Benefits vs. risk = 0.01 mg/kg IM (max 0.3 mg)

Answer 68

= beta-blocker = Blocks adrenergic stim/ on B-receptors, causing a slowing of HR

Answer 69

= 2nd med/ for SVT after admin/ Adenosine, A-Fib/Flutter w/ RVR Reduce myocardial ischemia in AMI PTs w/ +HRs, Antihypertensive = Increased risk of cardiogenic shock Hypotension Bradycardia = signs of heart failure Low cardiac output

Answer 70

= admin/ after IV Ca-channel blockers can cause severe hypotension, Bcardia, heart blocks & CHF = 150mg = 10 mg IV/O push 1-2 mins & May repeat every 10 mins to max dose

Answer 71

= Synthetic opiate agonist/antagonist = Moderate to severe pain = Hypersensitivity, respiratory depression. = 10-20 mg IV/IO/SQ/IM

Answer 72

= "pick up the pace" <50BPM UNSTSBLE} SBP <90 & AMS = BPM <50 = 80BPM mA till' capture

Answer 73

= class 1A&B Na Channel Blockers = Alterative to Amiodarone in cardiac arrest V-Fib/pVT, Stable monomorphic Ventricular TachyC w/ presserved LVF = V-Tach with a pulse, pre-excitation rhythms (WPW) >50% QRS width

Answer 74

= 1a antiarrhythmic = Blocks Na channels in cardiac cells which causes depolarization to slow & decrease automaticity

Answer 75

=V-Tach w/ pulse, Pre-excitation rhythms (WPW) =Shouldn’t admin to PTs received IV Ca channel blocker

Answer 76

= (max total dose: 17mg/kg) = 20mg/min (max total dose: 17mg/kg) = up to 50mg/min may admin/ to total dose (max 17mg/kg) = 1-4mg/min

Answer 77

= Drowsy, Slurred speech, Confusion, Seizures, HypoBP = 1. Termination of rhythm, 2. HypoBP, 3. Widening QRS>50%, 4. Meet the max total dose

Answer 78

= class 2 Beta Blockers = 2nd line med for SVT after Adenosine, A-fib/flutter w/RVR, Reduce myocardical ischemia in AMI PT's w/elevated HR, Antihypertensive = Hypertension, 2nd line med for A-Fib/A-Flutter w/ RVR, & SVT

Answer 79

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to ACh receptors =DSI/RSI = Hypersensitivity = 0.6-1.2 mg/kg. TTP: 60-90 secs. DOP: 45-120 mins

Answer 80

= Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Binds to ACh receptors = DSI/RSI = Hypersensitivity = 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO. TTP: 1-3 mins. DOP: 45-90 mins.

Answer 81

= IV antiarrhythmic Ca channel blocker = Slows AP of autorhythmic cells in heart by blocking Ca channels

Answer 82

= 2nd med for A-Fib/Flutter w/ RVR, May use as alterative med (after adenosine), narrow QRS complex Tcardia w/ preserved LV function = HypoBP (SBP<90), CHF/cardio/ shock, Wide-complex Tcardia, WPW Hypersensitivity to med

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