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Drug Cards > Drug Term/def/s > Flashcards

Drug Term/def/s Flashcards

1
Q

Refractory to

A

condition/disease resistant or not responding to med

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2
Q

Adjunct med/s

A

agent enhancing effect of other med

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3
Q

Efflux

A

diffusion out the cell

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4
Q

Influx

A

Diffusion into the cell

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5
Q

Analgesics

A

meds that relieve sensation of pain

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6
Q

Anesthetic

A

med relieves all sensations ( (tend to cause respiratory, CNS, & cardiovascular depression)

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7
Q

Endorphins

A

hormones that bind to opioid receptors aka natural painkillers

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8
Q

Dosage on hand

A

amount of med available in a solution

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9
Q

Volume on hand

A

available amount of solution containing a med

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10
Q

Volume to be administered

A

volume on hand ( desired dose) / dosage on hand

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11
Q

Neuroleptanesthesia

A

type of anesthetic that combines with effect of w/ amnesia (useful in procedures that require PT calm & responsive )

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12
Q

Sedative/sedation

A

decreas/ing of anxiety & inhibition

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13
Q

Antiarrhythmic aka antidysrhythmics=

A

med/s used to treat & prevent abnormal cardiac rhythms

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14
Q

Diuretics

A

reduce circulating blood volume by increasing urination. This reduces preload to the heart, which, in turn, reduces cardiac output.

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15
Q

Bolus

A

concentrated amount of med/ in IV bag

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16
Q

Erythema=

A

general reddening of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries

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17
Q

Difference between drug & medication=

A

drug is anything/foreign to body while medication is used for medical purpose

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18
Q

(VAP)ventilation aspiration pneumonia=

A

aspiration going back down lungs

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19
Q

Ocular med/s=

A

med/s given through eye membrane

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20
Q

Oculus Dexter=

A

right eye (has R for right)

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21
Q

Oculus Sinister=

A

Left eye (r at end = upside down L for left)

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22
Q

Oculus Uterque=

A

Both L & R eye (U is pointing to both L & R eye)

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23
Q

Antihistamines=

A

med that arrests the effects of histamine by blocking its receptors

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24
Q

Psychotherapeutic Medication=

A

med/s used to treat mental dysfunction
EX of diseases= bipolar, depression, schizophrenia

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25
Q

Neuroleptic=

A

antipsychotic; type of drug used to treat psychotic conditions (literally affecting the nerves)

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26
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) =

A

frequently used in treating depression b/c effective, relatively safe, & few significant side effects.

TCAs act by blocking reuptake of norepinephrine & serotonin, thus extending duration of their action but, also have anticholinergic prop/s that cause many side effects: blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, & tachycardia.

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27
Q

cholinergic synapses=

A

Synapses that use ACh as the post&preganglionic neurotransmitter

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28
Q

adrenergic synapses=

A

Synapses that use norepinephrine as the postgamgliomic neurotransmitter

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29
Q

Effects of Atropine Overdose =

A

“Hot as hell, Blind as a bat, Dry as a bone, Red as a beet, Mad as a hatter”

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30
Q

sympathomimetics=

A

Med/s that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system

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31
Q

sympatholytics=

A

Med/s that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system

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32
Q

Cholinergic antagonists/ anticholinergics / parasympatholytics =

A

work by competitively binding w/ muscarinic receptors w/o stimulating them. thus, these receptors can’t bind w/ ACh thus, block the effects of acetylcholine almost exclusively at the muscarinic receptors.

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33
Q

-Kalemia

A

Potassium K+

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34
Q

-carbia

A

CO2

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35
Q

-memetic=

A

mimics something

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36
Q

-lytic=

A

speeds up

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37
Q

Guillain-Barré=

A

condition in which a person’s immune system attacks the peripheral nerves

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38
Q

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

A

selectively block the reuptake of serotonin, they don’t affect dopamine / norepinephrine. Nor do they block histaminic / cholinergic receptors

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39
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

brittle bones

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40
Q

Do what to eye ball gtts/min=

A

phone metronome

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41
Q

Sentinel event

A

event where PT almost or ends up dying

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42
Q

WHALE emblem on kid seat=

A

We Have A Little Emergency→ Bottom of sticker with ALL of kids info

43
Q

VAP

A

Ventilated aspiration pneumonia

44
Q

-omy=

A

surgical cut/out

45
Q

LEMONS

A

Looks, Evaluate 3-3-2 Rule, Mallampati Score, Obstruction, Neck mobility, Saturation

46
Q

BURP

A

Backward, Upward, Right, Pressure

47
Q

barotrauma=

A

trauma/ damage to the lungs from changes in pressure or increasing pressure. (can also occur from over ventilation)

48
Q

“rule of thumb” for estimating the proper depth of an ETT=

A

Depth should be ~3x ETT size

49
Q

Mentin=

A

Chin tip

50
Q

Glabella=

A

space in between eyebrows

51
Q

subcutaneous emphysema

A

air under skin

52
Q

saphenous vein=

A

veins in the legs

53
Q

Alimentation=

A

giving nutrition → TPN Total parenteral nutrition through central catheter

54
Q

bioavailability

A

how much the body can break down the med

55
Q

Biotransformation

A

METABOLISM→ liver #1 ⅔ filter → means of body filtering medication

56
Q

Prodrug

A

body has to break drug down for med to work as intended EX aspirin

57
Q

Idiosyncrasy effect

A

individual reaction is unusually different from what is commonly seen

58
Q

Tachyphylaxis effect

A

Rapid occurring tolerance to med

59
Q

Cumulative effect

A

when med admin/ in several doses causing in increased effect, this is due to a quantitative buildup of the drug in the blood

60
Q

Medication antagonism

A

effects of one med blocks the response to another drug

61
Q

Medication Summation

A

2 meds that enhance eachother

62
Q

medication Synergism

A

2 meds are admin/ together that produces a greater response (“1+1=5”)

63
Q

medication Potentiation

A

When med enhances effects of another (promethazine + morphine)

64
Q

medication interference

A

med directly effects pharmacology of another “football” EX: non-selective beta blocker w/ albuterol so asthma worsts

65
Q

“-oLOL”

A

Beta blocker med

66
Q

ASD= Atrial Septal defect

A

blood shunt from hole in septum in between atrium

67
Q

Chronotropy
Inotropy
Dromotropy

A

= HR
= Contraction of heart
= Heart electrical activity

68
Q

“-Pril”s

A

ACE inhibitors -> hypertension meds

69
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

A

Depression med. Monoamine oxidase, an enzyme, metabolizes monoamines into inactive metabolites inhibit monoamine oxidase & block the breakdown, thus increasing their availability

70
Q

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

A

Depression med. selectively block reuptake of serotonin & don’t block dopamine, NORepi, histaminic & cholinergic receptors, thus avoiding many of the TCAs’ side effects

71
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs):

A

depression med. Act by blocking reuptake of NORepi & serotonin, thus extending the duration of their action.

72
Q

opioid agonist–antagonist

A

both agonistic & antagonistic properties. like opioids, decreases pain response, & antagonist b/c it has fewer respiratory depressant & addictive side effects

73
Q

RAAS→ Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

A

1(Kidneys monitor BP) reg/s cardiovascular sys/→ make sure fluids there
2. JG cells Juxtaglomerular granular cells= kidney cells
3. kidneys send renin to liver angiotensin to form angiotensin 1
4. angiotensin 1 flows around to heart to lungs for ACE to produce angiotensin 2 & aldosterone to adrenal glands

74
Q

Harrison narcotic act (1914)=

A

“Hell Nah” Aimed a controlling the importation, manufacture, & sale of opium & coca plant & its derivatives

75
Q

FDA & cosmetic act (1938)=

A

truth-in-labeling cause→ state whether the prep contains habit-forming drugs and its%

76
Q

Durham-Humphrey amendments (1951)

A

“DR” requires pharmacists have either a prescription for certain meds

77
Q

Kufauver-Harris amendment (1962)=

A

” Keep Health” amendment to FDA & C, → provide proof of safety & effectiveness of their med/s before being granted approval to produce & market them.

78
Q

Controlled substance Act/ drug abuse 1970

A

classifies the drugs used in medicine into 5 different schedules

79
Q

Assay test:
Bioassay test:

A

=test done to determine the amount of purity of a given chemical
=test to ascertain a med/s in a biological model

80
Q

Teratogenic med

A

medication that can kill/deform the fetus in the mother

81
Q

med Efficacy

A

ability of med/ to cause a expected response

82
Q

aggregation

A

platelets activating

83
Q

Central line Dacron cuff

A

lil circle of special tissue sitting under where lumens tunneled (skin)→ prevent infection & m-vt

84
Q

Navel

A

umbilicus/ belly button

85
Q

NAVEL meds for NG/OG tube

A

Narcan, Atropine, Vasopressin, Epi, Lidocaine

86
Q

Tetany:
caused by:

S/S:

A

= state when PNS & CNS become hyperexcited
= imbalance of electrolytes, (usually) low blood Ca-Lvls, & other disturbances like vitamin D or parathyroid secretion deficiencys
= Involuntary M. contraction/spasms, Tingling sense, Convulsions
Twitching of hands feet & pos/ly spinal M.s

87
Q

Lavine’s sign:
Trousseau’s sign:

A

= clenching chest
= Ca binding too much and flexing in in hands “gay hand penguin”

88
Q

med “-Caines”:

A

= all “cousins” slows electrical conduction

89
Q

Vaughn-Williams Classification System:
Class I:
Class II:
Class III:
Class IV:
Miscellaneous:

A

= Antiarrhythmics into 5 Classes
= Class I: Na Channel Blockers: Procainamide & Lidocaine
= Class II: Beta Blockers: “lol” Labetalol
= Class III: K+ Channel Blockers (“phase 3 repolar”): Amiodarone
= Class IV: Ca+ Channel Blockers: Diltiazem
= Misc: Adenosine & Digoxin

90
Q

Paper bag syndrome:

Marfan:

A

= inhaling before wrecking thus lung pops from hitting steering wheel w/ full of air
= stretched weak spots of tissues/skins

91
Q

Caudally:

A

= towards tail

92
Q

“Nitrogen washout”:

A

= preoxygenation/ denitrogenation -> getting lungs oxy-100% & removing nitrogen

93
Q

Decorticate:
Decerebrate:

A

= flexing forearms inwards
= flexing forearms outwards

94
Q

Rhabdomyolysis:

Possible Causes:
S/S:

A

= syndrome caused by injury to skeletal-M. Leaks large quantities of (pos/ toxic) intracellular contents into plasma
= high-intensity exercise in short time period, or infections (Flu/HIV)
= M. pain/weak/tenderness, Dark red color urine, <urine,N/V, Confusion, dysrhythmia

95
Q

Botulism:

Signs:
Symptoms:

A

= rare but serious bacterial infection caused by toxin produced by bacterium Clostridium botulinum that attacks body’s nerves.
= blocked nerve functions, resp/musc/ paralysis, Dyspnea
= Weakness, Blurred vision, Feeling tired, dysphonea, M. paralysis.

96
Q

Sedation:
Minimal sedation aka anxiolysis:
Moderate sedation aka conscious sedation:
Deep sedation:
General sedation:

A

= decreas/ing of anxiety by slowing of neuron activity
= normal response to verbal stimulation
= purposeful response to verbal and/or tactile stimuli
= purposeful response to repeated & painful stimulation
= unarousable unresponsiveness even w/ painful stimulation

97
Q

Chronically ill:
frail:
feeble:
robust:
vigorous:

A

= cant do basic human necessities
= weak from being sick
= lack of strength
= energetic
= VERY energetic (pos/ psch, Stim use)

98
Q

anisocoria:

A

= unequal pupils greater than 1mm

99
Q

!!!Murphy’s signs:

!!!McBurney’s point:
Aaron’s signs:
Rovsing’s sign:
Psoas sign:

A

= suspected gall bladder infection→ cupping under rib w/ pressure with breath causing pain
= RLQ pain w/ rebound tenderness ⅔ of way from umbilicus to illicac
= Epigastric pain during palpation to McBurney’s point
= RLQ pain w/ palpation to LLQ
= Pain to RLQ when patient tries to reaise R leg against resistance

100
Q

Scoliosis:
Kyphosis:
Lordosis:

A

= Lateral spinal curve
= Hunch back
= Sway back

101
Q

dysarthria:
dysphonia:
aphasia:
expressive aphasia:
Receptive aphasia:
PT w/ aphasia w/ such difficulty talking can be mistaken for:

A

=defective speech caused by motor deficits)
= voice changes caused by vocal cord problems
= defective language caused by neurologic damage to the brain
= words will be garbled.
= words will be clear but unrelated to your questions.
= be taken for a psych disorder

102
Q

SLUGEM

A

Salvation
Lacrimation
Uremia
GI upset
Emesis (vomiting)
Miosis / Muscle twitching

103
Q

Eupnea=
Hyperpnea=
Biots-respirations:
Cheyne-Stokes=

A

= normal/equal breathing
= deep breathes
= Completely random breathing pattern
= Gradual increases & decreases in respirations w/ periods of apnea by increasing ICP & brainstem injury

Drug Cards (13 decks)

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