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1
Q

What is the pharmacodynamics of Acetaminophen?

A

Nonopioid analgesic/antipyretic

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2
Q

What are the indications for using Activated Charcoal?

A

Most oral poisonings/overdoses

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3
Q

What is the dose of Activated Charcoal?

A

PO: 1-2 g/kg

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4
Q

What is the main action of Adenosine?

A

Binds to Adenosine α1 receptors causing hyperpolarization of autorhythmic cells

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5
Q

What are the indications for Adenosine?

A

1st line medication for stable narrow complex SVT, Regular and monomorphic wide-complex tachycardia

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6
Q

What is the contraindication for Adenosine?

A

Does not convert A-fib or A-flutter

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7
Q

What is the dose for Albuterol in bronchospasm?

A

2.5 mg/3 mL’s via SVN q15-20 mins

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8
Q

What class of medication is Amiodarone?

A

Class II Antiarrhythmic (Potassium Channel Blocker)

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9
Q

What are the indications for Amiodarone?

A

Life-threatening arrhythmia, Recurrent hemodynamically unstable VT with a pulse

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10
Q

What is the dose for Aspirin in suspected MI?

A

160-325 mg PO of nonenteric coated ASA

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11
Q

What is the pharmacodynamics of Atropine Sulfate?

A

Selectively blocks muscarinic receptors inhibiting the nervous system

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12
Q

What is the dose for Calcium Chloride in suspected hyperkalemia?

A

1-2 grams followed by IV infusion of the same dose per hour

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13
Q

What is the action of Captopril?

A

Prevents the production of angiotensin II by inhibiting ACE

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14
Q

What are the indications for Dexamethasone?

A

Anaphylaxis, Bronchial asthma, COPD

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15
Q

What is the dose of Dextrose 50% for hypoglycemia?

A

25 grams IV/IO

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16
Q

What is the pharmacodynamics of Diazepam?

A

Binds with GABA receptors causing an influx of chloride

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17
Q

What is the dose for Diltiazem in A-Fib?

A

1st dose: 0.25 mg/kg max 20 mg

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18
Q

What are the contraindications for Diphenhydramine?

A

Hypersensitivity

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19
Q

What is the action of Dobutamine?

A

Cardiac pump problems with hypotension

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20
Q

What is the dose of Dopamine for symptomatic bradycardia?

A

2 - 20 mcg/kg/min, titrate to patient response

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21
Q

What is the primary use of Droperidol?

A

Severe agitation

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22
Q

What is the dose of Enalapril for severe CHF?

A

Initial dose of 2.5 mg PO, titrate to 20 mg PO

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23
Q

What is the action of Epinephrine 1:10,000?

A

Sympathetic agonist, powerful α and ß agonist

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24
Q

What is the dose of Epinephrine 1:1,000 for severe bronchospasm?

A

0.01 mg/kg IM (max 0.3 mg)

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25
What is the pharmacodynamics of Etomidate?
Interacts with GABA receptors, anesthetic without analgesic
26
What is the maximum dose of Fentanyl for moderate to severe pain?
100 mcg (IV/IO/IM/IN)
27
What is the action of Flumazenil?
Competitively blocks benzodiazepines at GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex
28
What is the dose of Furosemide for acute pulmonary edema?
<0.5 mg/kg slow IV
29
What is the pharmacodynamics of Glucagon?
Stimulates adenyl cyclase, increasing cAMP
30
What is the dose of Haloperidol for violent patients?
<69 y/o: 5 mg IM (max 20 mg per day), >69 y/o: 2.5 mg IM (max 10 mg per day)
31
What is the action of Hydroxocobalamin?
Binds with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanacobalamin
32
What is the dose of Ibuprofen for mild to moderate pain?
200-800 mg PO q6-8 hours, max daily dose: 3200 mg
33
What is the pharmacodynamics of Ipratropium?
Selectively blocks muscarinic receptors
34
What is the dose of Ketamine for pain management?
0.2 mg/kg IV/IO (max single dose 20 mg), 0.5 mg/kg IM/IN
35
What is the action of Ketorolac?
Anti-inflammatory & antipyretic through inhibition of prostaglandins
36
What is the dose of Labetalol?
10 mg IV/IO push over 1-2 mins
37
What is Angioedema?
A swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often associated with allergic reactions. ## Footnote Commonly occurs in response to certain medications or allergens.
38
When should you not administer medications to patients with STEMI?
If they present with certain contraindications or risk factors. ## Footnote Example: Signs of heart failure or hypotension.
39
What is the second line medication for SVT after administration of certain drugs?
Labetalol. ## Footnote It blocks adrenergic stimulation on beta receptors.
40
What is the dosage for Adenosine in stable SVT?
10 mg IV/IO push over 1-2 mins, may repeat as necessary. ## Footnote Used to reduce heart rate in A-fib and A-flutter with RVR.
41
What are the effects of Beta Blockers?
Blocks adrenergic stimulation, causing a slowing of the heart rate. ## Footnote Can be used to manage elevated heart rates.
42
What is the maximum dose for Labetalol?
150 mg. ## Footnote Administered over a period of 10 minutes.
43
What is the indication for Levalbuterol (Xopenex)?
Bronchospasm, allergies/anaphylaxis, hyperkalemia. ## Footnote It has less effect on the heart compared to Albuterol.
44
What is the dosage for VF/pVT with Lidocaine?
1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO, may give additional doses of 0.5-0.75 mg/kg in 5-10 mins. ## Footnote Maximum total dose is 3 mg/kg.
45
Under what condition should Lidocaine not be used?
If the patient has received IV calcium channel blockers. ## Footnote This can increase the risk of adverse effects.
46
What is the maintenance infusion rate for Amiodarone?
1-4 mg/min (30-50 mcg/kg/min). ## Footnote Used to manage certain arrhythmias.
47
What is Lorazepam used for?
Sustained seizures, anxiety, sedation, chemical restraint. ## Footnote It binds with GABA receptors causing an influx of chloride.
48
What is the indication for Magnesium Sulfate?
Torsades de Pointes (TdP) with or without a pulse, eclampsia with active seizures. ## Footnote It acts as a calcium channel blocker.
49
What is Methylene Blue used for?
Methemoglobinemia, nitrate overdose/poisoning. ## Footnote It converts metHb to hemoglobin.
50
What is the contraindication for Metoprolol?
Heart rate <45, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block. ## Footnote It is a beta-blocker used for various cardiac conditions.
51
What is the dosage for Naloxone (Narcan)?
0.4-2 mg IV/IO/IM/IN. ## Footnote Used for suspected opiate overdose with respiratory depression.
52
What is Nitroglycerin used for?
Symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia, CHF. ## Footnote It is a potent vasodilator.
53
What is Norepinephrine indicated for?
Normovolemic hypotension, septic shock, cardiogenic shock. ## Footnote It is an adrenergic agonist with more alpha effects.
54
What is Ondansetron (Zofran) used for?
Prevention and control of nausea and/or vomiting. ## Footnote It is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor blocker.
55
What is Procainamide used for?
Recurrent VF/VT, urgent situations requiring rapid action. ## Footnote It is a Class Ia antiarrhythmic.
56
What is the indication for Promethazine (Phenergan)?
Nausea & vomiting, preoperative sedation, motion sickness. ## Footnote It is an H1-receptor blocker.
57
What is the indication for Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%?
Suspected acidosis, hyperkalemia, patients in cardiac arrest. ## Footnote It buffers excess hydrogen ions and raises blood pH.
58
What is the dosage for Succinylcholine?
1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO. ## Footnote It is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.
59
What is Terbutaline (Brethine) used for?
Bronchial asthma, reversible airway obstruction associated with bronchitis or emphysema. ## Footnote It has less cardiovascular side effects compared to epinephrine.
60
What is the indication for Thiamine?
Coma of unknown origin, Wernicke's encephalopathy, delirium tremens. ## Footnote It is essential for carbohydrate metabolism.
61
What does Tranexamic Acid (TXA) do?
Blocks fibrinolysis by binding to plasminogen. ## Footnote Used in significant hemorrhage after control of bleeding.
62
What is Vecuronium used for?
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker for DSI/RSI. ## Footnote It binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
63
What is Verapamil used for?
2nd line medication for A-Fib & A-Flutter with RVR. ## Footnote It is a Class IV antiarrhythmic that slows action potential.
64
What is the dosage for Acetaminophen in pediatrics?
15 mg/kg PO. ## Footnote Used for fever and pain management.
65
What is the dosage for Activated Charcoal?
1-2 g/kg PO. ## Footnote It binds and adsorbs toxic substances in the digestive tract.
66
What is the indication for Adenosine?
1st line medication for stable narrow complex SVT. ## Footnote Causes hyperpolarization of autorhythmic cells.
67
What is Albuterol used for in pediatrics?
Bronchospasm, anaphylaxis. ## Footnote Administered via SVN.
68
What is the maximum dosage for Amiodarone in pediatrics?
15 mg/kg. ## Footnote Loading dose for life-threatening arrhythmias.
69
What is Aspirin's mechanism of action?
Blocks Cyclooxygenase, generating thromboxane A2. ## Footnote It is used in suspected MI.
70
What is the dosage for Atropine Sulfate in bradycardia?
0.02 mg/kg IV/IO push q3-5 mins as needed. ## Footnote Maximum single dose is 0.5 mg.
71
What is symptomatic bradycardia?
A condition characterized by a slow heart rate, often requiring treatment.
72
What is the recommended dose of Atropine Sulfate for bradycardia?
0.02 mg/kg IV/IO push q3-5 mins, max single dose: 0.5 mg.
73
True or False: Atropine is indicated for cardiac arrest.
False.
74
What condition may require larger doses of Atropine due to potential paradoxical effects?
Organophosphate poisoning.
75
What is the effect of Calcium Chloride in cases of hyperkalemia?
It helps propagate nervous impulses and muscle contractions.
76
What is the maximum dose of Dexamethasone for treating anaphylaxis?
10 mg IV/IO/PO.
77
Fill in the blank: Dextrose 10% is used for the correction of _______.
hypoglycemia.
78
What is the maximum dose of Diazepam for sustained seizures?
5 mg IV/IO, 10 mg rectal.
79
What is the primary use of Diltiazem?
1st line medication for A-Fib & A-Flutter with RVR.
80
What are the contraindications for using Diphenhydramine?
Hypersensitivity.
81
What is the dose range for Dobutamine?
2-20 mcg/kg/min.
82
What is the indication for using Epinephrine 1:1,000?
Severe bronchospasm, allergies/anaphylaxis.
83
True or False: Fentanyl is more potent than morphine.
True.
84
What is the maximum total dose for Flumazenil in benzodiazepine overdose?
0.05 mg/kg.
85
What is the indication for using Magnesium Sulfate?
Torsades de Pointes (TdP) with or without a pulse.
86
What is the dosing for Narcan in suspected opiate overdose?
0.1 mg/kg up to 10 mg.
87
Fill in the blank: Hydroxocobalamin is used for suspected _______ poisoning.
cyanide.
88
What is the pharmacodynamic action of Ketamine?
NMDA Receptor antagonist.
89
What is the maximum dose of Lorazepam for sustained seizures?
4 mg IV/IM.
90
What is the contraindication for using Metoprolol?
Not used in PEDI's.
91
What is the primary indication for using Naloxone (Narcan)?
Suspected opiate overdose with respiratory depression.
92
What is the recommended dose of Nitroglycerin for chest pain?
0.4 mg sublingual.
93
What is the pharmacodynamic action of Ipratropium?
Anticholinergic that selectively blocks muscarinic receptors.
94
Fill in the blank: Ketorolac is used for mild to moderate pain and _______.
inflammation.
95
What is the maximum dose of Magnesium Sulfate for eclampsia?
Not used in PEDI's.
96
What is the action of Dextrose 10%?
Correction of hypoglycemia.
97
What condition is treated with Labetalol?
Hypertension and tachycardia.
98
What is the dosing for Lidocaine in arrhythmia with pulse?
1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO.
99
True or False: Etomidate is used for sedation without analgesia.
True.
100
What is the dose of Midazolam for RSI?
0.1-0.3 mg/kg slow IV/IO.
101
What are the contraindications for using Ibuprofen?
Hypersensitivity, bronchospasm, angioedema.
102
What is the maximum dose of Furosemide for acute pulmonary edema?
2 grams IV/IO.
103
What is the contraindication for using Diltiazem?
Not used in PEDI's.
104
What is the classification of Morphine?
Schedule II Opioid ## Footnote Morphine is used for analgesia and sedation through binding to opiate receptors.
105
What is Naloxone (Narcan) used for?
Opiate antagonist for suspected opiate overdose with respiratory depression ## Footnote It can be administered at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg up to 2 mg IV/IO/IM/IN.
106
What are the indications for Nitroglycerin?
Ischemic chest pain not relieved by Nitroglycerin, symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia, CHF ## Footnote It is a potent vasodilator that improves blood flow to the myocardium.
107
What is the dose of Norepinephrine for normovolemic hypotension?
0.1-2 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion ## Footnote It is an α and ß adrenergic agonist, with α effects more pronounced than ß effects.
108
What is the primary use of Ondansetron (Zofran)?
Prevention and control of nausea and/or vomiting ## Footnote Administered at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg IV slow push, IM, PO (max 8 mg).
109
What is Procainamide classified as?
Class Ia Antiarrhythmic ## Footnote It blocks sodium channels in cardiac cells and is used for certain tachyarrhythmias.
110
What are the contraindications for Promethazine (Phenergan)?
Hypersensitivity ## Footnote It is an antiemetic that should be given IV or IM.
111
What is the pharmacodynamics of Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%?
Alkalinizing agent that increases plasma bicarbonate ## Footnote Used for suspected acidosis and hyperkalemia.
112
What is the mechanism of action of Succinylcholine?
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that binds to ACh receptors ## Footnote It causes muscle depolarization and is used for RSI.
113
What is Terbutaline (Brethine) used for?
Bronchial asthma, reversible airway obstruction ## Footnote It is a ß Agonist that causes relaxation of bronchospasm.
114
What is the role of Thiamine in the body?
Essential coenzyme for carbohydrate metabolism ## Footnote It is used in cases of coma of unknown origin and Wernicke's encephalopathy.
115
What is the action of Tranexamic Acid (TXA)?
Blocks fibrinolysis by binding to plasminogen ## Footnote Used for significant hemorrhage after external hemorrhage is controlled.
116
What is Vecuronium classified as?
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker ## Footnote It binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
117
What is the use of Verapamil?
2nd line medication for A-Fib & A-Flutter with RVR ## Footnote It is a Class IV Antiarrhythmic (Calcium Channel Blocker).
118
Fill in the blank: _______ is a synthetic opiate agonist/antagonist used for moderate to severe pain.
Nubain
119
True or False: Nitroglycerin can be used in pediatric patients.
False ## Footnote Nitroglycerin is not used in PEDI'S.
120
What are the contraindications for Rocuronium?
Hypersensitivity ## Footnote It is used for RSI and binds to ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction.
121
What is the dose range for Norepinephrine?
0.1-2 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion ## Footnote It is used in normovolemic hypotension and septic shock.
122
What are the indications for Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%?
Suspected hyperkalemia, suspected acidosis ## Footnote It is used in patients in cardiac arrest.

Old Drug cards (11 decks)

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