Airway / Intubation Drugs Flashcards
Albuterol) class:
indications
contra:
=B agonist w/ preference for B2 receptors
=bronchospasm, allergies, hyperkalemia
= hypersensitive, anxiety, dizzy/HA
Albuterol)Bronchospasm) dose:
Pedi dose:
= 2.5mg/3ml via SVN repeat 12-20, 0.83mg/ml
=1.25-2.5mg/1.5-3mL SVN
Atropine) Organophosphate poisoning dose:
=2-4mg (or higher) IV Push
Atropine) Class:
Contra:
cautions:
=Parasympatholytic & selectively blocks M receptors inhibiting PSANS
=allergy, hypothermic (82degrees), MIs & hypoxia→ increase O2 med
= <0.5mg may result in paradoxical slowing of heart // may not be effective for infranodal blocks- be prep/ed to pac
Dexamethasone) Adult Dose:
Pediatric Dose:
Effects:
= 10 mg IV/IO/PO “better>sol-med”
= 0.5 mg/kg (max of 10 mg IV/IO/PO)
= Fluid retention (Peripheral edema) & May delay wound healing & small Increase in BGL (careful w/ diabetics)
Dexamethasone) Indi:
Contra:
= Bronchial asthma, COPD, Anaphylaxis
= Known hypersensitivity, (Relative) Known fungal infection
Dexamethasone) Class:
Class/med Will:
= Synthetic glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory
= Suppresses immune response
Diazepam / Vallium) Dynamics:
Effects:
= Benzo: Binds w/ GABA receptors causing Cl influx
= Resp/ depress/, HypoBP N/V, amnesia
Diazepam / Vallium) Indications:
Contraindications:
= Tcardia from stimulant OD, Sustained seizures, Anxiety, Sedation
= Known hypersensitivity to med
Diazepam / Vallium) Antidote:
Adult Dose:
= Flumazenil 0.2mg IV
= 2.5-10 mg in 2.5 mg increments slow IV/IO/IM
EPI 1:1)Broncho constriction) Adult Dose:
Pedi Dose:
=0.3mg up to 0.5mg IM
=0.01mg/kg IM w/ max dose 0.3mgIM
EPI 1:1) class:
indi:
Adverse effects:
=potent A & B agonist
=bronchospasms, anaphylaxis
=worsen ischemia & heart probs, Jitters
Etomidate / Amidate) Classification:
Pharmacodynamics:
= Nonbarbiturate non-benzodiazepine sedative
= sedative
Etomidate / Amidate) Indications:
Contraindications:
Adverse Effects:
= RSI induction agent
= Suppresses cortisol, not good for head-injured PTs long term
= Decreases ICP, Ca-Channel Blockers can prolong resp/ depress/, Myoclonic jerks, Laryngospasm
Etomidate / Amidate) Adult) RSI Induction:
Onset:
Duration:
= 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV/IO
= 30secs
= 5-10mins
Ipratropium/ Atrovent) Contraindications:
Adverse Effects:
= Known hypersensitivity
= Blurred vision, Dry mouth, Dilated pupils, Cough, Confusion
Ipratropium/ Atrovent) Pharmacodynamics:
Indications:
= Anticholinergic; Selectively blocks muscarinic receptors
= Bronchospasm associated w/ obstructive lung diseases (asthma, COPD)
Ipratropium/ Atrovent):
Indi:
Adverse effects:
= Anticholinergic, selectively blocks M receptors, goes w/ albuterol
=bronchospasm w/ obstructive lung diseases
=dry lungs out, dry mouth, confusion
Ipratropium/ Atrovent) route
Adult Dose:
Pediatric Dose:
= w/ SVN albuterol
= 500 mcg/2.5 mL
=250-500mcg/1.25-2.5 m
Ketamine / Ketalar) dynamics:
Adverse Effects:
= Sedative-hypnotic & analgesic med
= Decreases bronchospasm, hypoBP, amnesia, Increases ICP, Tcardia, Laryngospasm, hallucinations, +Sympathetic response
Ketamine / Ketalar) Indications:
Contraindications:
= Moderate-Severe Pain, SFI/RSI, Anxious sedation
= Hx of hypersensitivity, HyperBP, +ICP
Ketamine / Ketalar) Adult & Pedi Pain Doses:
Dissociation/Induction:
= 0.2 mg/kg IV /1-2 mins w/ max single dose 20mg or 0.5 mg/kg IN/IM
= 1-2 mg/kg IV, Onset: 30-60secs, Duration: 10-20 min
Lorazepam / Ativan) Dynamics:
Adverse Effects:
= Benzo: Binds w/ GABA receptors causing Cl influx
= Resp/ depress/, HypoBP N/V, amnesia
Lorazepam / Ativan) Indications:
Contraindications:
= SFR/RSI, Anxiety, Seizures,
= Hypertension, Hypersensitivity
Lorazepam / Ativan) Antidote:
Adult Doses) Anxiety / Seizures:
RSI Sedation:
= Flumazenil 0.2mg IV
= 1-4mg IV, IM, PR, IN
= 0.05 mg/kg IV/IO
Magnesium Sulfate) Adult Bronchodilation dose:
Pediatric Bronchodilation dose:
= 1-2 grams IV / 10-20 minutes (Infusion)
= 25-50 mg/kg IV (max 2Gs) /15-30 mins (Infusion)
Magnesium Sulfate) Adverse Effects:
= Hypotension, Flushing, Sweating, Bradycardia, Resp/ depression, Hypothermia
Magnesium Sulfate) Pharmacodynamics
Indications:
Contraindications
= Organic Salt act as physiologic Ca channel blocker thus Bronchodilator
= Bronchial asthma, Torsades des pointes, Eclampsia
= High-degree HB, Shock, Dialysis, Hypocalcemia, V-Fib/pulseless VTach
Midazolam / Versed) Dynamics:
Antidote:
Adverse Effects:
= Binds w/ GABA receptors causing influx of Cl
= Flumazenil 0.2mg IV
= Hypotension, Respiratory depression/apnea, N/V, Amnesia
Midazolam / Versed) Contraindications:
Indications:
= Hx of hypersensitivity to the drug
= Active seizures, RSI induction agent, Chemical restraint, Anxiety, Sedation
Midazolam / Versed) Adult Active Seizures:
Pedi Active seizures:
= 0.1mg/kg 2mg increments IV(Max 5mg)
5mg IM/IN
= 0.1mg/kg 2 mg increments IV (Max 5 mg) 0.2mg/kg IN/IM
Midazolam / Versed) Adult & Pedi (RSI):
ET Tube Bucking:
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (Max 10 mg), Onset: 2-5 minutes, Duration: 15-30 minutes
= 0.05 mg/kg slow IV/ 1–2 mins (maintain SBP) – stop once bucking has resolved
Rocuronium) Class:
Dynamics:
= Nondepolarizing Paralytic
= Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker: binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction
Rocuronium) Adult Dose:
TTP:
DOP:
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg
= 60-90 seconds
= 45-120 minutes
Rocuronium) Indications:
Contraindications:
Adverse Effects:
= RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= Hyper & Hypotension, Skeletal muscle weakness, Malignant hyperthermia, Apnea
Rocuronium) Pediatric Dose:
TTP:
DOP:
= 0.6-1.2 mg/kg
= 30-60 seconds
= 30-60 minutes
Solu-Medrol) Indications:
Contraindications :
= (same as Dexy) Bronchial asthma, COPD, Anaphylaxis
= Known hypersensitivity to medication
Solu-Medrol) Adult Dose:
Pediatric Dose:
Adverse Effects:
= 125-250 mg IV/IO
= 2 mg/kg IV/IO to a max of 60 mg
= Increases BGL , Effects delayed & usually not seen prehospital care
Solu-Medrol): Class:
Will/med:
= Synthetic glucocorticoid Anti-inflammatory
= Suppresses immune response
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Class:
Dynamics:
= Depolarizing Paralytic
= Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker, Binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction causing it to depolarize
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Indications:
Contraindications:
Adverse Effects:
= RSI
= HyperK, Burns, Crush Injury, Increased ICP, Severe trauma, Neuromuscular disease
= HyperK, B/cardia, Prolonged paralysis, Increased ICP, Muscle fasciculations, Malignant hyperthermia
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Adult Dose:
TTP:
DOP:
= 1-1.5 mg/kg IV/IO
= 45-60 secs
= 5-10 mins
Succinylcholine / Anectine) Pediatric Dose:
TTP:
DOP:
= 1-1.5 mg/kg
= 45-60 secs
= 4-6mins
Terbutaline/ Brethine) Dose:
0.25mg IM (only in adults
Terbutaline/ Brethine) Class:
Indi:
Contra:
=B selective agonist relaxer w/ high affinity & give asthma, & CHF/heart prob PT
=asthma, emphysema, preterm labor, reversible airway
= hypersensitive, anxiety, dizzy/HA, NO PEDIS
Vecuronium) Class:
Dynamics:
= Nondepolarizing Paralytic
= Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker: Binds to ACh receptors @ neuromuscular junction
Vecuronium) Indications:
Contraindications:
Adverse Effects:
= RSI
= Hypersensitivity
= Malignant hyperthermia, Skeletal muscle weakness, Apnea
Vecuronium) Adult Dose:
TTP:
DOP:
= 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV/IO
= 1-3 minutes
= 45-90 minutes
Vecuronium) Pediatric Dose:
TTP:
DOP: 30-60 minutes
= 0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV/IO
= 1-3 minutes
= 30-60 minutes
