Trauma abdomen, Burns, Bites/stings And Toxins Flashcards
What are the two go to tests when we get a trauma pt and what are we looking for?
FAST, blood
CT, blood and air
What is the FAST exam for trauma?
US of liver and kidney, spleen and kidney, subcostal for heart, bladder
How much blood can the chest hold?
How much blood can the abdomen hold?
How much blood can the pelvis hold?
How much blood can 1 thigh hold?
1000
1500
2000
1000
What is the most common organ to rupture with abdominal trauma?
What ligament can basically sheer it in half?
Liver
Hepatoduodenal
What is the second most common organ to rupture in abdominal trauma?
What do we need to consider with repair?
Spleen
Has a capsule, since it is not a vital organ can just take it out and get rid of it to prioritize vital organs, need to vaccinate against encapsulated organisms
What is a clinical identifier of ruptured diaphragm?
How to diagnose and repair?
Bowel in the chest, so bowel sounds heard too high
CT and ex lap
What is the clinical sign of ruptured hollow?
Diagnose?
Treat?
Free air under diaphragm
X-ray you will see the air on top, CT see air in front of belly because lying down
Ex lap
Two clinical signs of urethral injury due to pelvic fracture?
Blood in meatus and high riding prostate
What is basically a 1st degree burn and how do we describe it?
What layer is still intact?
Sunburn.
Red, warm and painful
Epidermis
What skin layer is broken in second degree burns?
Big differentiator between first and second degree burns?
Epidermis
Blisters for 2nd degree
How do we classify third degree burns and what does the patient not experience?
Burns all the way through the skin, breaks dermis
No pain
How do you treat a chemical burn on skin or eyes?
Never buffer, irrigate till gone
What two complications because of an electrical burn and what can we do to diagnose it?
Heart arrhythmia, EKG
Bones can conduct the electricity, burn the muscle and cause Rhabdo, CK
What is the complication of circumferential burns?
Compromise vascular supply
What is the rule of 9’s for burns?
Head 9 Front of chest 9 Back of chest 9 Front of ab 9 Back of ab 9 Each leg front and back 9 Arm is 9 Genitals 1
What is the parkland formula for burns?
4 * kg (body weight) * BSA% burned = fluid over 24 hours.
Half first 8 hours, half next 16 hours
Rabies cause what condition?
Encephalopathy
what will be the situation in the vignette where we will think rabies?
Wild and unprovoked animal bite
How do we treat signs and symptoms of rabies?
Rabies IG and vaccine
What is the one thing we are worried about with a bee sting?
How do we treat it?
Anaphylaxis
Epi, h1 blockers and corticosteroids
How to treat a poisonous snake bite?
Anti venom
What do you give or what are you concerned about with black widow spider?
IV calcium
Clinical sign of brown racluse bite?
Ulcer then necrosis
How do you treat brown racluse bite?
Debride
