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Surgery > Trauma abdomen, Burns, Bites/stings And Toxins > Flashcards

Trauma abdomen, Burns, Bites/stings And Toxins Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two go to tests when we get a trauma pt and what are we looking for?

A

FAST, blood

CT, blood and air

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2
Q

What is the FAST exam for trauma?

A

US of liver and kidney, spleen and kidney, subcostal for heart, bladder

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3
Q

How much blood can the chest hold?
How much blood can the abdomen hold?
How much blood can the pelvis hold?
How much blood can 1 thigh hold?

A

1000
1500
2000
1000

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4
Q

What is the most common organ to rupture with abdominal trauma?
What ligament can basically sheer it in half?

A

Liver

Hepatoduodenal

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5
Q

What is the second most common organ to rupture in abdominal trauma?
What do we need to consider with repair?

A

Spleen
Has a capsule, since it is not a vital organ can just take it out and get rid of it to prioritize vital organs, need to vaccinate against encapsulated organisms

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6
Q

What is a clinical identifier of ruptured diaphragm?

How to diagnose and repair?

A

Bowel in the chest, so bowel sounds heard too high

CT and ex lap

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7
Q

What is the clinical sign of ruptured hollow?
Diagnose?
Treat?

A

Free air under diaphragm
X-ray you will see the air on top, CT see air in front of belly because lying down
Ex lap

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8
Q

Two clinical signs of urethral injury due to pelvic fracture?

A

Blood in meatus and high riding prostate

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9
Q

What is basically a 1st degree burn and how do we describe it?
What layer is still intact?

A

Sunburn.
Red, warm and painful
Epidermis

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10
Q

What skin layer is broken in second degree burns?

Big differentiator between first and second degree burns?

A

Epidermis

Blisters for 2nd degree

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11
Q

How do we classify third degree burns and what does the patient not experience?

A

Burns all the way through the skin, breaks dermis

No pain

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12
Q

How do you treat a chemical burn on skin or eyes?

A

Never buffer, irrigate till gone

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13
Q

What two complications because of an electrical burn and what can we do to diagnose it?

A

Heart arrhythmia, EKG

Bones can conduct the electricity, burn the muscle and cause Rhabdo, CK

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14
Q

What is the complication of circumferential burns?

A

Compromise vascular supply

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15
Q

What is the rule of 9’s for burns?

A 
Head 9
Front of chest 9
Back of chest 9
Front of ab 9
Back of ab 9
Each leg front and back 9
Arm is 9
Genitals 1
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16
Q

What is the parkland formula for burns?

A

4 * kg (body weight) * BSA% burned = fluid over 24 hours.

Half first 8 hours, half next 16 hours

17
Q

Rabies cause what condition?

A

Encephalopathy

18
Q

what will be the situation in the vignette where we will think rabies?

A

Wild and unprovoked animal bite

19
Q

How do we treat signs and symptoms of rabies?

A

Rabies IG and vaccine

20
Q

What is the one thing we are worried about with a bee sting?

How do we treat it?

A

Anaphylaxis

Epi, h1 blockers and corticosteroids

21
Q

How to treat a poisonous snake bite?

A

Anti venom

22
Q

What do you give or what are you concerned about with black widow spider?

A

IV calcium

23
Q

Clinical sign of brown racluse bite?

A

Ulcer then necrosis

24
Q

How do you treat brown racluse bite?

A

Debride

25
Q

What is the organism from cat/dog bite?

A

Pasturella

26
Q

How to best treat cat and dog bite?

What abx to give for pasturella?

A

Irrigate
Leave wound open
Amoxicillin clavulanate

27
Q

What level of GCS do you incubate?

A

Less than 8

28
Q

Ventilation equals?
Oxygenation equals?
Manage each one?

A

Co2, minute volume = TV * RR

O2, PEEP and FiO2

29
Q

Signs and symptoms of circulation sucks and we are thinking shock?

A

BP sucks, less than 90, .5 cc/kg/hr of urine output, sweating, pale

30
Q

In the setting of shock, what is the problem with too fast HR or too slow HR?

A

Too fast, doesn’t give time for heart to fill

Too slow, isn’t enough beats to keep pressure up

31
Q

What are the two situations that cause preload to be low?

A

Hemorrhage and obstruction, tension pneumo and tamponade.

32
Q

What two conditions will affect contractility?

A

MI and CHF

33
Q

4 conditions that lead to shock because of excessive VD?

A

Sepsis
Anaphylaxis
Anesthesia
Spinal trauma

34
Q

How do we go from tension pneumo to shock?

A

Compresses IVC so no blood can get back

Surgery (17 decks)

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